阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Festivals and celebrations of all kinds 1. (hold) everywhere since ancient times. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, 2. (plant) in spring and harvest in autumn. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.
Today's festivals have many 3._ (original), some religious , some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. For example, the Japanese festival Obon is honored in _4. (memorize) of their ancestors. People then should go to clean graves, light lamps and play music _5. they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. 6._ this important feast day, people eat food in _7._ shape of skulls and cakes with "bones" on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had 8. origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children's festival, __9. they can dress up and go to their neighbors' homes to ask for sweets. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. India has a national festival on October 2 to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India's _10. （depend) from Britain.
完形填空,阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂上。
We all often deal with people who complain about the failures and troubles of their daily lives. Life ________ to be full of problems for them. I would like to think such a life ________ unusual. If there were no problems in your job, then your ________ would hire a much less capable person than you to do the things that don’t ________ much thought. In the business world, those who are able to solve difficult problems are the ones who are the most ________ to the employer.
Many times the problems or challenges we face ________ us to grow and become more capable. The runner who ________ for the mile run in the Olympics by running downhill will have no chance of winning the medal ________ . The runner who trains by running uphill is far more likely to ________ the speed and endurance(忍耐力) needed to win the medal.
The ________thing that ever happened to boxer Gene Tunney was that he ________ both hands in the ring. But at that time his manager felt that he could________ again punch(重击) hard enough to be the heavyweight champion. Instead, Tunney ________ that he would become a scientific boxer and win the title as a boxer, not a slugger(重击者). Boxing historians will tell you that he developed into one of the best boxers who ever fought. They ________ will tell you that as a puncher, he would not have had a chance ________Jack Dempsey, who was considered by many to be the hardest ________ in heavyweight history. Tunney would never have been champion ________ he had not had the problem of his broken hands.
The ________ time you meet with a difficult climb, obstacle or problem, you should ________ and say, “Here’s my chance to __________.”
1.A. seems B. pretends C. agrees D. hopes
2.A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything
3.A. teacher B. employer C. father D. doctor
4.A. give B. receive C. offer D. need
5.A. famous B. valuable C. strange D. difficult
6.A. ask B. warn C. force D. order
7.A. trains B. leaves C. looks D. waits
8.A. in all B. after all C. above all D. at all
9.A. beat B. stop C. lose D. develop
10.A. worst B. best C. easiest D. fastest
11.A. held B. raised C. broke D. touched
12.A. never B. always C. often D. even
13.A. promised B. explained C. decided D. answered
14.A. still B. already C. hardly D. also
15.A. against B. for C. on D. with
16.A. worker B. student C. hitter D. trainer
17.A. unless B. if C. because D. so
18.A. first B. other C. last D. next
19.A. smile B. stand C. change D. speak
20.A. win B. grow C. increase D. perform
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项为多余选项。
●Does failure really exist?
If you believe you have failed, then you have. If you believe you don’t have the ability to succeed, then you don’t. 1. The moment you decide to give up or stop working toward your goals, failure is born.
● 2.
Most people give themselves an out without even realizing it. They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals, but only until the going gets too rough or their energy dies down. Don’t do that! 3. Never quit, never admit failure, and never lose heart.
●Don’t believe in a clear finish line for goals.
It’s a good idea to set a general timeline, but remember that something will be beyond your control. 4. If you lock yourself into a given timeline, you might make yourself feel like a failure! Instead, get a general idea of when you’d like your goal to be completed. Then take it one day at a time and focus on making progress instead of reaching the finish line in as little time as possible.
●Be sure that you don’t see difficulties as failures.
Difficulties mean only one thing: it’s not time for your goal to be completed yet. That’s it! It doesn’t mean you failed; it doesn’t mean you’re weak; it doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve your goals. 5. You’ve got to keep moving forward and find a way over, around, or through the difficulties.
A. Never give up on yourself.
B. Failure only exists in your own mind!
C. That’s exactly how failure makes us feel.
D. It simply means you have not done enough yet.
E. You can never say exactly when your goal will be reached.
F. Instead, make up your mind to make your goal happen, no matter what!
G. Work hard towards your goal, and you will be likely to get good results.
Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic(学术的) achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents(答问卷者)listed “to give children a good start academically” as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group. The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.
Like in America, there is diversity(多样性) in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential(潜力的) development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools. Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children’s chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities. Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens.
1.We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe ________.
A. Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction
B. Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents
C. Japan’s economic success is a result of its scientific achievements
D. Japan’s higher education is superior to theirs
2.In Japan’s preschool education, the focus is on ________.
A. preparing children academically
B. shaping children’s character
C. teaching children mathematics
D. developing children’s artistic interests
3.Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?
A. They can do better in their future studies.
B. They can make more group experience grow there.
C. They can be individually oriented when they grow up.
D. They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.
4.Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to ________.
A. broaden children’s knowledge
B. train children’s creativity
C. lighten children’s study load
D. enrich children’s experience
A Guide to the University
Food
The TWU Cafeteria is open 7am to 8pm. It serves snacks(小吃), drinks, ice cream bars and meals. You can pay with cash or your ID cards. You can add meal money to your ID cards at the Front Desk. Even if you do not buy your food in the cafeteria, you can use the tables to eat your lunch, to have meetings and to study.
If you are on campus in the evening or late at night, you can buy snacks, fast food, and drinks in the Lower Café located in the bottom level of the Gouglas Centre. This area is often used for entertainment such as concerts, games or TV watching.
Relaxation
The Globe, located in the bottom level of McMillan Hall, is available for relaxing, studying, cooking, and eating. Monthly activities are held here for all international students. Hours are 10 am to 10 pm, closed on Sundays.
Health
Located on the top floor of Douglas Hall, the Wellness Centre is committed to physical, emotional and social health. A doctor and nurse is available if you have health questions or need immediate medical help or personal advice. The cost of this is included in your medical insurance. Hours are Monday to Friday, 9am to noon and 1;00 to 4;30pm.
Academic Support
All students have access to the Writing Centre on the upper floor of Douglas Hall. Here, qualified volunteers will work with you on written work, grammar, vocabulary, and other academic skills. You can sign up for an appointment on the sign-up sheet outside the door two 30 –minute appointments per week maximum. This service is free.
Transportation
The TWU Express is a shuttle(班车) service. The shuttle transports students between campus and the shopping center, leaving from the Mattson Centre. Operation hours are between 8am and 3pm. Saturdays only. Round trip fare is $1.
1.What can you do in the TWU Cafeteria?
A. Do homework and watch TV
B. Buy drinks and enjoy concerts
C. have meals and meet with friends
D. Add money to your ID and play chess
2.Where and when can you cook your own food?
A. The McMillan Hall , Sunday. B. The Lower Café, Sunday
C. The TWU Cafeteria, Friday D. The Globe, Friday
3.The Guide tells us that the Wellness Centre _________.
A. is open six days a week
B. gives advice on mental health
C. trains students in medical care
D. offers services free of charge
4.How can you seek help from the Writing Center?
A. By filling in a sign-up form
B. By applying online
C. By calling the center
D. By going to the center directly
Death is natural, but do you have any idea of the process of dying? Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases --- clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs, such as the heart or lungs, have ceased to function, but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived(复活). Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.
Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism, combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.
To illustrate how this works, scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic. Then they surrounded her body with ice-bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery. The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes Keta’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes, spontaneous(自发的)breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours, when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.
1.For a person who suffers from the clinical death, _________.
A. his most important organs are damaged.
B. he still has the possibility of getting back to life.
C. he cannot avoid final death.
D. he is still very much alive
2.Scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer in order to __________.
A. slow down the body’s metabolism.
B. bring vital cells and tissues back to active life.
C. cool the organism.
D. delay the coming of biological death.
3.How did the scientists put Keta into clinical death?
A. By putting her to sleep, lowering her temperature and draining her blood.
B. By surrounding her body with ice-bags and draining her blood.
C. By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating.
D. By draining her blood, lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing.
4.All of the following indicate that the monkey has almost restored to her original physical state except the fact that__________.
A. her heart beat again.
B. she regained her normal breath.
C. she rejected a penicillin injection.
D. she acted as lively as a healthy monkey.
