The smell of fresh air is becoming something of a distant memory, thanks to our increasing use of fragrance (香气). From air fresheners to scented (有香味的) candles, we live in a world of scent.
Recent figures show seven in ten people use air fresheners or scented candles to keep our homes smelling sweet. Yet recent records suggest that perfumed products could affect our health, causing problems including allergies (过敏), headaches and asthma (哮喘) .
One leading expert believes nearly a third of people suffer health effects from being exposed to scents. A major problem is so-called “contact” allergy—where perfumes and scented products cause eczema (湿疹) when they come into contact with the skin. About one in 20 is thought to be affected by fragrance allergy.
“Often it may not be immediately obvious that you have developed a fragrance allergy,” says Dr. Baron. “You don’t react immediately. Gradually, as you are exposed more and more, the body increases its reaction, until it becomes noticeable to you.”
People with pre-existing eczema are particularly vulnerable (易受影响). “The eczema worsens in areas in contact with perfumes,” says Dr. Baron. “But even those without allergies can be at risk of fragrance allergy.” You can become suddenly allergic to perfumes and personal care products that you have been using for years. “Even if you know which fragrance causes a problem, it can be difficult to avoid, as most personal care products –soap, shampoo, sun cream and washing powder—contain fragrances,” says Dr. Baron.
And strong scents can also cause headaches. Fragrances activate the nose’s nerve cells, stimulating the nerve system associated with head pain. To minimize risk, sufferers are advised to minimize the contact.
“Fragrance suggests cleanliness – yet people are smelling a potentially dangerous chemical mixture,” says Anne Steinemann, professor of the University of Washington. “We often use them to mask one problem – as with air fresheners – but create a greater one – adding poisonous chemicals to the air.”
1.What is the text mainly about?
A. The world trend of using fragrance.
B. The benefits of using non-fragranced products.
C. The health problems caused by fragrance.
D. The ways of removing allergy.
2.Which of the following questions does the text NOT answer?
A. Which products contain fragrance?
B. What’s the influence of fragrance in the air?
C. What are the air fresheners made up of?
D. How are headaches caused by fragrance?
3.According to Dr. Baron, .
A. our bodies have an immediate reaction to fragrance.
B. seven in ten have suffered fragrance allergy.
C. fragrance can affect people who don’t have allergy.
D. people can avoid contacting with fragrance easily.
4.The following paragraph might discuss .
A. the asthma caused by strong scents.
B. people’s efforts to protect fresh air.
C. the methods of curing eczema.
D. the bad effects of air fresheners.
ONE day my 5-year-old daughter, Mini, ran to the window crying: “A Cabuliwallah (从喀布尔来的水果商贩)! A Cabuliwallah!” In the street below was a Cabuliwallah, passing slowly along. Mini called him loudly but when he looked at her she ran away scared. Shortly after this, the two became friends.
They started to hang out together, laughing and talking. Mini’s new friend would give her raisins (葡萄干) and almonds (杏仁) , spending the little money he had on her.
The two of them enjoyed joking together. The Cabuliwallah, who was called Rahmun, would say: “Well, little one, when are you going to the father-in-law’s house?” Mini did not understand this and was puzzled.
One morning, I heard uproar (骚动) in the street, and saw Rahmun being led away by the police. There were bloodstains on his clothes. I gathered that a neighbor had owed Rahmun money for a shawl (披肩) but had falsely denied having bought it, and that in the course of the quarrel Rahmun had struck him. On a charge of murderous assault (攻击), Rahmun was sentenced to jail.
Time passed, and he was not remembered. Mini grew up and we were making arrangements for her wedding. I was sitting in my study when someone entered. It was Rahmun, the Cabuliwallah, released from prison.
Barely recognizable now, he asked to see Mini and said that all those years ago she had reminded him of his own daughter in Kabul. It was his belief that Mini was still the same. He had pictured her running to him calling “Cabuliwallah!”. He had imagined that they would laugh and talk together. In fact, he had brought her, wrapped up in paper, a few almonds and grapes.
The two were reunited but Mini had grown up. She now understood the meaning of the word “father-in-law,” and when he made this joke once more she flushed up (脸红) at the question. He could not revive (还原) their old friendship.
When Rahmun left, I gave him a bank note, saying: “Go back to your own daughter, and may the happiness of your meeting bring good fortune to my child!”
Having made this present, I had to give up the electric lights and the military band I had intended for the wedding and the ladies in the house were disappointed. But to me the wedding feast was all the brighter for the thought that in a distant land a long-lost father met again with his child.
Adapted from Tagore’s (泰戈尔) short novel The Cabuliwallah
1.Which of the following is TRUE about Mini and Rahmun’s friendship?
A. They felt close to each other at first sight.
B. The author didn’t like Mini making friends with Rahmun.
C. Rahmun liked Mini more when the author often bought fruits from him.
D. Though not understanding all Rahmun’s jokes, Mini liked hanging out with him.
2.Why was Rahmun put into prison?
A. He hurt a man.
B. He stole a shawl.
C. He cheated his neighbor.
D. He was dishonest in his business.
3.From the article, we can conclude that the author was ______ Rahmun.
A. not fond of
B. worried about
C. not supportive of
D. sympathetic to
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
HOURS
The MFA is open 7 days a week.
Monday and Tuesday: 10 am – 4:45 pm
Wednesday – Friday: 10 am – 9:45 pm
Saturday and Sunday: 10 am – 4:45 pm
HOLIDAYS AND CLOSINGS
The Museum will be closed on the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Patriots’ Day (third Monday in April), Independence Day (July 4), Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day.
The Museum will close early on Wednesday, at 4:45 pm, June 11, and Thursday, July 24.
ADMISSION
Adults: $25
Seniors (65+): $23
Students (18+): $23
Youths 7 – 17*: FREE*
Children 6 and under: FREE
*Weekdays after 3 pm, weekends, and Boston public school holidays; otherwise $10.
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
Take the T!
Because our limited parking fills up quickly – especially during popular exhibitions, holidays, and school vacation weeks – we encourage you to take advantage of the MBTA, Boston’s public transportation system (known by natives as the “T”).
Subway
Take the Green Line E train to the Museum of Fine Arts stop, or the Orange Line train to the Ruggles stop.
Bus
Take the 39 bus to the Museum of Fine Arts stop, or the 8, 47, or CT2 buses to the Ruggles stop.
The MFA strives to maintain a safe, comfortable, and respectful environment for all visitors. We also take our role as guardians of the objects in our collection very seriously. Please enjoy all that the Museum has to offer and observe the policies listed here to help protect and preserve the art on view in the Museum.
When Visiting the MFA Please Refrain (避免) from the Following:
Touching any art objects
Getting closer than 12 inches to any unprotected artwork
Gesturing within 2 feet of any artwork
Smoking
Chewing gum
Running, yelling, or disruptive behavior
Cell phone usage in the galleries
Flash photography
1.What day can you spend the longest at the museum?
A. On Mondays.
B. On Fridays.
C. On Sundays.
D. On Independence Day.
2.Middle-aged parents with a 10-year-old boy and 5-year-old girl will have to pay ______ for a visit at weekends.
A. $50.
B. $46.
C. $73.
D. $60.
3.To get to the museum, you are advised to arrive ______.
A. on foot.
B. by bike.
C. by car.
D. by bus.
4.According to the rules of the museum, ______.
A. you cannot take photos of the artworks.
B. you need to put your bags in lockers before tours.
C. you have to keep your distance from the artworks.
D. you should set your cell phone to silent mode.
In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories. She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition which she won last year.
As a writer, I know about winning contests – and about losing them. I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection letter from the publisher. I also know the pressure of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories. What if she doesn’t win the contest again? That’s the strange thing about being a parent. So many of our own past scars and destroyed hopes can resurface in our children.
A revelation (启示) came last week when I asked her, “Don’t you want to win again?” “No,” she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”
I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously (自发地) told them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales. The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.
Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting(借鉴) my daughter’s experience.
While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experience, grow and find their own voices.
1.What do we learn from the first paragraph?
A. A lot of amusements compete for children’s time nowadays.
B. Children have lots of fun doing mindless activities.
C. Rebecca is much too busy to enjoy her leisure time.
D. Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.
2.What did the author say about her own writing experience?
A. She was constantly under pressure to write more.
B. Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.
C. She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.
D. Her road to success was full of pain and frustrations.
3.Why did Rebecca want to enter this year’s writing contest?
A. She believed she possessed real talent for writing.
B. She was sure of winning with her mother’s help.
C. She wanted to share her stories with readers.
D. She had won a prize in the previous contest.
4.The underlined sentence probably means that the author was _______.
A. trying not to let her daughter enjoy her own life.
B. trying to get her daughter to do the thing as the author wished.
C. making sure that her daughter would win the contest.
D. helping her daughter develop real skills for writing.
书面表达
假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办的主题为“健康成长”的英语作文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文，主要内容包括：
1．乐观的人生态度；
2．努力学习；
3．参加体育锻炼。
注意： 1．词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯：
3．开头已为你写好。
We all want to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal we must do several things.
短文改错
短文中共有10处错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词的下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
As summer vacation are coming soon, my classmates are trying very hardly to get train tickets to go home. But I have made up my minds to spend the vacation far from home for first time in my life. My parents have agreed to visiting me, and I will have a different vacation. When they came here, I will show them around my university and the city just as well. I have decided to buy them some nice gifts. It will be a big surprising for them. My parents have done a lot for me, but I think it is high time that I did anything special to express my thanks.
