The scientist does not study nature ________ it is useful to do so. He studies it because he takes pleasure in it.
A． until B． though
C． because D． Unless
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese．
复旦大学一研究生因平时琐事和同学不和，在寝室饮用水里投毒，导致一室友死亡。作为即将踏入大学校门的你，谈谈和同学和谐相处的重要性以及你的一些建议。
注意：1．词数不少于120个；
2．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称,
3．文章开头已给出, 不计入字数。
A graduate of Fudan University didn’t get on well with his roommates for trivial．So he put some poison in the drinking water, killing one of his roommates．
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阅读短文回答问题
At least 36 people have been killed and another 42 people have been injured in a stampede that broke out during a New Year Eve celebration in downtown Shanghai, which may have been caused by the crowd rushing to grab fake money thrown from the balcony of a building．
Survivors described the stampede as "horrible and hellish．"
A woman said she covered two kids in front of her with her arms in the chaos．Her son followed her．Dirty shoe prints covered her son's clothes when the 12 year old boy came to safety．
"The crowd was in a panic． We stood in the crowd, feeling squeezed and almost out of breath," a boy said． "Some yelled for help, but the noise was too loud． "
Other survivors said police rushed to the scene and tried to pull out people who were stuck, but without much success．
The local authorities said that one of the victims was a female student from the Shanghai based Fudan University．The student, surnamed Du from Yunnan Province, was fatally injured during the incident and died later in the hospital．
"The chaos lasted several minutes, and then some of the injured were seen being carried out of the crowd," Yu said．
Chinese President Xi Jinping on Thursday demanded an immediate investigation into the cause of the stampede and urged prevention of such incidents in the future．
The city has set up a working team for rescue operations to deal with the aftermath．
Fatal incidents like this one were not rare in China, the world's most populous country．Stampedes in the past were mainly due to safety measures．
In September 2014, six students were killed in a stampede at a primary school in Yunnan Province after a stairway was blocked． In January 2014, a mosque(清真寺) stampede killed 14 people and injured another 10 in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region．In 2004, a stampede on a bridge in suburban Beijing killed 37 during a local lantern festival．
1.How did the boy feel in the crowd? (No more than 12 words) (3 marks)
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2.What happened to the college student in the passage?(No more than 11 words) (2 marks)
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3.How many people were killed altogether in the stampedes mentioned in the passage?(No more than 2 words) (2 marks)
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4.What’s the news mainly about? (No more than 14 words) (3marks)
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Chinese parents are very generous when it comes to educating their children．Not caring about the money, parents often send their children to the best schools or even abroad to England, the US or Australia． They also want their children to take extra course activities where they will either learn a musical instrument or ballet, or other classes that will give them a head start in life．The Chinese believe that the more expensive an education is, the better it is．So parents will spend unreasonable amount of money on education．Even poor couples will buy computers for their sons or daughters．
However, what most parents fail to see is that the best education they can give to their children is usually very cheap．
Parents can see that their children’s skills vary, skilled in some areas while poor in others．What most parents fail to realize though, is that today’s children lack self respect and self confidence．
The reasons are that parents are only educating their children on how to take multiple choice tests and how to study well, but parents are not teaching them the most important skills: they need to be confident, happy and clever．
Parents can achieve this by teaching practical skills like cooking, sewing and doing other housework．
Teaching a child to cook will improve many of the skills that he will need later in life．Cooking demands patience and time．It is an enjoyable but difficult experience．A good cook always tries to improve his cooking, so he will learn to work hard and gradually finish his job successfully．His result, a well cooked dinner, will give him much satisfaction and a lot of confidence．These activities are not only teaching a child to work, but rather to think, and to use his mind． And that is more important．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A glass a day keeps obesity at bay．Alcohol has always been thought to cause weight gain because of its high sugar content, but new research suggests a glass a day could form part of a diet．Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight, those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight．
A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, “Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain”．The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol Research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that current data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight．
Boston University’s Dr．Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms (生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood． His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病)，which relate to increasing obesity．Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers．
The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods．They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight．
For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one’s risk of becoming obese．What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that reveratrol, a compound present in grapes and red wine, destroys fat cells．
1.The passage is mainly for those ______．
A． who produce wine
B． who are eager to lose weight
C． who go on a diet
D． who have a drinking habit
2.The underlined phrase “in moderation” in the first paragraph means ______．
A． properly B． carefully
C． excitedly D． frequently
3.Why has alcohol been thought to cause weight gain?
A． Because its calories are stored in fat．
B． Because it is rich in sugar．
C． Because it changes drinking patterns．
D． Because it increases the risk of diabetes．
4.What can we learn from the passage?
A． The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear．
B． Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat．
C． The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect．
D． Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight．
5.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?
A． How to do some easy experiments．
B． How to prove the finding mentioned above．
C． How to make wine in a healthy way．
D． How to reduce the calories contained in wine．
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In my first week as a graduate student at Cambridge University in 1964 I met with a fellow student, two years ahead of me in his studies; he was unsteady on his feet and spoke with great difficulty．This was Stephen Hawking．I learned that he had a bad disease and might not live long enough even to finish his PhD degree．
But, amazingly, he has reached the age of 73．Even mere survival would have been a medical miracle, but of course, he didn’t merely survive．He has become arguably the most famous scientist in the world for his brilliant research, for his bestselling books, and, above all, for his astonishing victory over hardship．
Stephen received his “death sentence” in 1964, when I thought it was hard for him to go on with his study．Stephen went from Albans School to Oxford University．He was said to be a “lazy” undergraduate, but his brilliance earned him a first class degree, an “entry ticket” to a research career in Cambridge and a uniquely inspiring achievement．Within a few years of the burst of his disease he was wheelchair bound, and his speech was so unclear that it could only be understood by those who knew him well．But his scientific career went from strength to strength: he quickly came up with a series of insights into the nature of black holes (then a very new idea) and how the universe began．In 1974 he was elected to the Royal Society at the exceptionally early age of 32．
The great advances in science generally involve discovering a link between phenomena that were previously conceptually unconnected — for instance, Isaac Newton realized that the force making an apple fall to earth was the same as the force that holds the moon and planets in their orbits．Stephen’s revolutionary idea about a link between gravity and quantum(量子) theory has still not been tested． However, it has been hugely influential; indeed, one of the main achievements of string theory(弦理论) has been to confirm and build on his idea． He has undoubtedly done more than anyone else since Einstein to improve our knowledge of gravity and he is one of the top ten living theoretical physicists．
1.What impressed the author most about Stephen Hawking?
A． His brilliant research．
B． His bestselling books．
C． His serious disease．
D． His defeating hardship．
2.What made Stephen Hawking start his research career at Cambridge?
A． His death sentence．
B． His “lazy” attitude．
C． His above average talent and ability．
D． His rich experience．
3.It can be inferred that Stephen Hawking was born ________．
A． in the early 1940s
B． in the late 1940s
C． in the early 1930s
D． in the late 1930s
4.What can we learn from the text?
A． Hawking’s theory was proved years ago．
B． Hawking was not as successful as Newton．
C． String theory built on Hawking’s ideA．
D． Hawking’s theory has had little influence on others．
5.Which of the following is Not True according the passage?
A． He achieved one success after another in his career despite his disease．
B． He couldn’t walk when the author first met him at Cambridge．
C． He not only survived his disease but contributed greatly to science．
D． He is among the greatest scientists to improve the knowledge of gravity．
