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Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age five with her family． While her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(an) in medicine． At 18 she married and a family． Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a Her husband supported her decision．
, Canadian medical schools did not women students at the time． Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia． It took her five years to her medical degree． Upon graduation, Charlotte to Montreal and set up a private ． Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a doctor． Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps． Charlotte herself operating on damaged limbs and setting bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area．
But Charlotte had been practicing without a license． She had a doctor’s license in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was ． The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to her patients to spend time studying what she already knew． So in 1887, she appeared to the Manitoba Legislature to a license to her but they, too, refused． Charlotte to practice without a license until 1912． She died four years later at the age of 73．
In 1993, 77 years after her , a medical license was issued to Charlotte． This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman．”
1.A． raising B． teaching C． nursing D． missing
2.A． habit B． interest C． opinion D． voice
3.A． invented B． selected C． offered D． started
4.A． doctor B． musician C． lawyer D． physicist
5.A． Besides B． Unfortunately C． Otherwise D． Eventually
6.A． hire B． entertain C． trust D． accept
7.A． history B． physics C． medicine D． law
8.A． improve B． save C． design D． earn
9.A． returned B． escaped C． spread D． wandered
10.A． school B． museum C． clinic D． lab
11.A． busy B． wealthy C． greedy D． lucky
12.A． helped B． found C． troubled D． imagined
13.A． harmful B． tired C． broken D． weak
14.A． put away B． taken over C． turned in D． applied for
15.A． punished B． refused C． blamed D． fired
16.A． display B． change C． preview D． complete
17.A． leave B． charge C． test D． cure
18.A． sell B． donate C． issue D． show
19.A． continued B． promised C． pretended D． dreamed
20.A． birth B． death C． wedding D． graduation
This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing． Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them． They can seem forgetful and clumsy．_1._They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things．
But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history． __2._ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?
So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?
First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others． Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams．__3._ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings．
It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concerntrate． “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep．__4.__
Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away．___5._
Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds．
A． Having interesting things to think about also helps．
B． They stare off into space and wander by themselves．
C． Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes．
D． At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses．
E． It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive．
F． Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand．
G． Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone．
Welcome to the Electronic Village to explore new ways of language teaching and learning．
Electronic Village Program(Thursday,June 18,2015)
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Nearpod ·9:00 am to 10:00 am ·Room 501 Nearpod is a software program that creates a rich context(语境)for students to learn vocabulary． The presenter will show how to use it．
| TEO ·2:00 pm to 3:00 pm ·Room 502 Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire to learn on-line． The presenter will use examples from his first on-line class to explain how any teacher can begin teaching on-line with TEO．
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Kahoot ·10:30 am to 11:30 am ·Room 601 Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a network． It can provide students with instant feedback(反馈),including reports about their strengths and weaknesses．
| Prezi ·3:30 pm to 4:20 pm ·Room 602 Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students’attention to speaking more fluently． The presenter will show how students can use Prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics,including introducing family,friends,and hobbies．
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1.Nearpod can be used to ．
A． offer grammar tests
B． teach listening on-line
C． help vocabulary learning
D． gain fluency in speaking
2.If you want to improve your speaking skills,you can go to ．
A． Room 501
B． Room 502
C． Room 601
D． Room 602
3.Which of the following can assess your grammar learning?
A． Nearpod．
B． Kahoot．
C． TEO．
D． Prezi．
4.A teacher who wants to learn on-line teaching is expected to arrive by ．
A． 9:00 am
B． 10:30 am
C． 2:00 pm
D． 3:30 pm
Life in the Clear Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window．These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach．Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch．Sonke Johnsen,a scientist in biology,says,“These animals live through their life alone．They never touch anything unless they’re eating it,or unless something is eating them．”
And they are as clear as glass．How does an animal become see-through?It’s trickier than you might think．
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light．Light typically travels in a straight line．But some materials slow and scatter(散射)light,bouncing it away from its original path．Others absorb light,stopping it dead in its tracks．Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it,so you can see it easily．
But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light,at least not very much．Light can pass through it without bending or stopping．That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water．You don’t see it—you see the things behind it．
To become transparent,an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light．Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素)that absorb specific colors of light．But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments,so its tissues won’t absorb light．According to Johnsen,avoiding absorption is actually easy．The real challenge is preventing light from scattering．
Animals are built of many different materials—skin,fat,and more—and light moves through each at a different speed．Every time light moves into a material with a new speed,it bends and scatters．Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering．Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat．Without much tissue to scatter light,it is easier to be see-through．Others build a large,clear mass of non-living jelly-like(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it．
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge,because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does．They need to look uniform．But how they’re doing it is still unknown．One thing is clear for these larger animals,staying transparent is an active process．When they die,they turn a non-transparent milky white．
1.According to Paragraph 1,transparent animals ．
A． stay in groups
B． can be easily damaged
C． appear only in deep ocean
D． are beautiful creatures
2.The underlined word“dead”in Paragraph 3 means ．
A． silently
B． gradually
C． regularly
D． completely
【小题3One way for an animal to become transparent is to ．
A． change the direction of light travel
B． gather materials to scatter light
C． avoid the absorption of light
D． grow bigger to stop light
3.The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals ．
A． move more slowly in deep water
B． stay see-through even after death
C． produce more tissues for their survival
D． take effective action to reduce light spreading
Revolutionary TV Ears TV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume(音量)and now it’s better and more affordable than ever!With TV Ears wireless technology,you set your own headset volume,while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level that’s comfortable for them．You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute(静音)if the situation calls for a quiet environment—maybe the baby is sleeping．Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame．
TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip,not used in any other commercially available headset．This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable．Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers．That’s why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(听觉学家)nationwide as well as world-famous doctors．
Doctor Recommended TV Ears! “My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television． As a retired ear doctor,I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss．” —Robert Forbes,M． D,CA
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Customer Recommended TV Ears! “Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level． TV Ears is so comfortable that Jack forgets he has them on!He can once again hear and understand the dialogue．” —Darlene & Jack B,CA
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1.TV Ears helps you ．
A． improve your sleeping quality
B． listen to TV without disturbing others
C． change TV channels without difficulty
D． become interested in ballgame programs
2.What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?
A． It can easily set TV on mute．
B． Its headset volume is adjustable．
C． It has a new noise reduction ear tip．
D． It applies special wireless technology．
3.This advertisement is made more believable by ．
A． using recommendations
B． offering reasons for this invention
C． providing statistics
D． showing the results of experiments
The Boy Made It! One Sunday,Nicholas,a teenager,went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine．In the early afternoon,when he was planning to go home,a fierce snowstorm swept into the area．Unable to see far,he accidentally turned off the path．Before he knew it,Nicholas was lost,all alone!He didn’t have food,water,a phone,or other supplies．He was getting colder by the minute．
Nicholas had no idea where he was．He tried not to panic．He thought about all of the survival shows he had watched on TV．It was time to put the tips he had learned to use．
He decided to stop skiing．There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put．The first thing he did was to find shelter from the freezing wind and snow．If he didn’t,his body temperature would get very low,which could quickly kill him．
Using his skis,Nicholas built a snow cave．He gathered a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle．Then he piled branches on top of himself,like a blanket,to stay as warm as he could．
By that evening,Nicholas was really hungry．He ate snow and drank water from a nearby stream so that his body wouldn’t lose too much water．Not knowing how much longer he could last,Nicholas did the only thing he could—he huddled(蜷缩)in his cave and slept．
The next day,Nicholas went out to look for help,but he couldn’t find anyone．He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave,because without shelter,he could die that night．On Tuesday,Nicholas went out again to find help．He had walked for about a mile when a volunteer searcher found him．After two days stuck in the snow,Nicholas was saved．
Nicholas might not have survived this snowstorm had it not been for TV．He had often watched Grylls’ survival show ----Man vs．Wild． That’s where he learned the tips that saved his life．In each episode(一期节目) of Man vs．Wild, Grylls is abandoned in a wild area and has to find his way out．
When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds,he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive．
1.What happened to Nicholas one Sunday afternoon?
A． He got lost．
B． He broke his skis．
C． He hurt his eyes．
D． He caught a cold．
2.How did Nicholas keep himself warm?
A． He found a shelter．
B． He lighted some branches．
C． He kept on skiing．
D． He built a snow cave．
3.On Tuesday,Nicholas ．
A． returned to his shelter safely
B． was saved by a searcher
C． got stuck in the snow
D． stayed where he was
4.Nicholas left Grylls a very deep impression because he ．
A． did the right things in the dangerous situation
B． watched Grylls’ TV program regularly
C． created some tips for survival
D． was very hard-working
