Question

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is   1. to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to   2.  (production) energy. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of   3.  is carbon dioxide. Dr Janice Foster explains: “There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the ‘greenhouse   4.  ’ (effective). This is   5.  small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour trap heat from the sun and   6.  warm the earth.   7.  the ‘greenhouse effect’, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius 8.  (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. It means that more heat energy tends   9.  (trap) in the atmosphere   10.  (cause) the global temperature to to up.”

Answer

1.due/owing

2.produce

3.which

4.effect

5.when

6.therefore

7.Without

8.cooler

9.to be trapped

10.causing

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲的是地球的变暖会给人类带来什么影响。

1.due/owing 固定搭配：due to/owing to由于---，故填due/owing。

2.produce 句意：地球温度的增长将产生能量。 be+to do sth.表示将要做某事，故此处填动词，与前面的to构成动词不动式。

3.which “greenhouse” gases做先行词，指物，后面是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少引导词，介词后面指物用which，故填which。

4.effect 句意：科学家称这种现象叫“温室效应”， effective有效的（形容词），根据句意可知此处用名词，故填effect。

5.when 句意：这种现象发生在大气层中，这时候少量的气体（二氧化碳、甲烷、水蒸气等）吸收太阳的热量，因而使地球变暖的时候。此处是一个表语从句，从句缺少引导词，根据句意可知用when。

6.therefore 根据句意：因而使地球变暖的时候。故填therefore（因此）。

7.Without 句意：如果没有这种温室效应，地球的温度将比现在还要低。故填介词Without。

8.cooler 句意：如果没有这种温室效应，地球的温度将比现在还要低。此处用形容词的比较级，故填cooler。

9.to be trapped 句意：这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起全球温度上升。tend to倾向，根据句意可知用动词不定式一般式的被动式，所以填to be trapped。

10.

【名师点拨】

介词+关系代词引导定语从句

当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”。例如：Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office?Where is the supermarket in which you bought the laptop last week?

使用“介词＋关系代词”中，介词的依据：

(1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。例如：

Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.

(2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。例如：

The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.

(3) 根据句子的意思来选择。例如：

The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside.

(4) 表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。例如：

I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer.

考点：考查语法填空