Question

Last year, I lived in Chile（智利）for half a year. I lived with a Chilean family and had the responsibilities of any Chilean teenager. I had good days and bad days I didn’t understand.

Chuquicamata, my host community, is a mining camp. When I arrived there, I was scared. It was so different from what I was used to. There were lots of dogs in the streets, and there was no downtown, few smoothly paved（铺砌的）streets, and little to do for entertainment. Rain was not seen very often, earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.

I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class. But in my first week in Chile I was only able to communicate and needed one person to whom I could explain my shock. I couldn’t speak the thoughts in my head and there were so many.

Most exchange students experienced this like me. Culture shock presents（呈现）itself in everything from increased aggression（攻击）towards the people to lack of appetite（食欲）. I was required（要求）to overcome all difficulties.

As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food. I got used to not depending on expensive things for fun. Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people. And I took math, physics, chemistry, biology, Spanish, art, and philosophy.

But the sacrifices（牺牲）were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.

1. The author came to Chile last year with the purpose of ________.

A. paying a visit to Chile as a tourist

B. experiencing Chilean life as a teacher

C. studying Chilean culture as a college student

D. studying knowledge as an exchange student

2. On arriving in Chile, why did the author feel frightened?

A. Because he did not know how to get along with the local people.

B. Because it was full of dangers like earthquakes and windstorms.

C. Because its living conditions were worse than what he was used to.

D. Because it was not convenient for him to shop there.

3.What did the author most probably think of his life in Chile?

A. Wonderful and worthwhile

B. Difficult but meaningful

C. Difficult and meaningless

D. Boring and disappointing

4. According to the passage, which of the following statements about Chile is TRUE?

A. Its official language is Spanish and English.

B. It is a developing country without foreign students.

C. It seldom rains and natural disasters often happen.

D. Most Chileans are not friendly to foreigners.

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.B

4.C

【解析】

试题分析：作者讲述了到智利做交换生的经历、感受及收获。

1.D细节推理题。根据第四段Most exchange students experienced this like me.和最后一段I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.可知作者是作为交换生去学习新知识，尝试新文化。故选D.

2.C细节推理题。根据第二段When I arrived there, I was scared. It was so different from what I was used to.及下面的具体描述可知，这里的环境和条件与作者以前经历的大不相同使作者很恐惧，故选C.

3.B推理判断题。根据第二段可知这里条件艰苦；根据倒数第二段As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food. Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people.和最后一段But the sacrifices（牺牲）were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.可知作者态度的变化，他感到这段时间有收获有意义。故选B.

4.C正误判断题。根据第三段可知智利的语言是西班牙语，A错误；根据Most exchange students可知这里有交换生，B错误；根据倒数第二段Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people.可知这里的人们很好交往，D错误；根据第二段Rain was not seen very often, earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.可知这里雨水稀少自然灾害频发，C正确。故正确选项是C.

考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。

【名师点睛】

推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法：

推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。此类题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，作出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。

一、常见的推理判断题的设问方式：

推测作者写作目的或意图的设题形式有：

1) The purpose in writing this text is to __________.

2) The author writes this passage to __________.

3) The author in this passage intends to __________.

推测文章的观点或结论的设题形式有：

1) It can be inferred from the passage that _____

2) What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?

3) From the passage we can conclude that __________.

推断文章出处的设题形式有：

1) The passage is most likely to be taken from_________.

2) Where would this passage most probably appear?

3) The passage is most likely a part of_________.

是非判断题的设题方式：

1) which of the following is（not）true or false ?

2) All of the following statements are wrong except _____

3) All of the following statements are right/true except _____.

4) Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage /text?

比如文中第35小题，就是考查正误判断，根据第三段可知智利的语言是西班牙语，A错误；根据Most exchange students可知这里有交换生，B错误；根据倒数第二段Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people.可知这里的人们很好交往，D错误；根据第二段Rain was not seen very often, earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.可知这里雨水稀少自然灾害频发，C正确。故正确选项是C.

逻辑排序题的设题方式：

Which of the following describes one’s logic in doing sth. ?

二、推理判断题的解题方法 ：

推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。如文中第34题根据第二段可知这里条件艰苦；根据倒数第二段As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food. Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people.和最后一段But the sacrifices（牺牲）were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.可知作者态度的变化，他感到这段时间有收获有意义。故选B. 任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。