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完形填空 Throughout history man has had to a...

完形填空

Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die. But people now live longer than they_________. Yet, all living things still show the__________of aging, which will eventually___________death.

Aging is not a disease, but as a person passes maturity (成熟期), the cells of the body and the__________they form do not function as well as they____________in childhood and teenage years. The body provides less__________against disease and is more_________to have an accident.

A number of related causes may___________to aging. Some cells of the body have a fairly long life, but they are not____________when they die. As a person ages, ________  of brain cells and muscle cells decreases. ________ body cells die and are replaced by new cells. In an aging person the________ cells may not be as workable or as capable   ________  growth as those of a young person.

Another ________ in aging may be changes within the cells________ . Some of the protein(蛋白质) chemicals in cells are known ________ with age and become less elastic (有弹性). This is why the skin of old people wrinkles(起皱纹and ________ . This is also the reason why old people ________ in height. There may be other more important chemical changes in the cells. Some complex cell chemicals, such as DNA and RNA, store and  ________ information that the cells need. Aging may affect this ________  and change the information carrying molecules(分子) so that they do not transmit the information as well.

1.A. would              B. be used to          C. used to          D. used

2.A. function           B. effect              C. affect           D. sign

3.A. lead in           B. give in              C. run into        D. result in

4.A. hands             B. feet                 C. heart           D. organs

5.A. do                 B. has done             C. did             D. had done

6.A. energy             B. protection           C. prevention      D. power

7.A. likely           B. probable             C. possible         D. alike

8.A. attend         B. lead                C. add              D. devote

9.A. replaced         B. rebuilt              C. recovered      D. rearranged

10.A. a number          B. the amount           C. the number      D. a great deal

11.A. The others      B. Others               C. Another          D. Other

12.A. old              B. left                C. new              D. other

13.A. to              B. for                  C. of             D. in

14.A. factor            B. effect               C. reason          D. element

15.A. for themselves    B. of themselves        C. themselves      D. on their own

16.A. change          B. to have changed     C. to change      D. to be changed

17.A. becomes loose     B. is become loosely     C. became loosely D. is becoming loose

18.A. increase           B. shrink              C. lengthen         D. decrease

19.A. pass away          B. pass by             C. pass off         D. pass on

20.A. improvement        B. possess             C. approach         D. process

 

1.C 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.D 12.C 13.C 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.D 20.D 【解析】 试题分析:人都会变老这是自然规律,本文通篇叙述了人的衰老的过程,原因及具体表现。 1.C考查动词。A. would 将要; B. be used to习惯于;C. used to过去常常;D. used 使用。句意:现在的人们比以前更长寿了。 此处和 now进行对比用“ 过去常常”,故选C. 2.B考查名词。A. function 功能; B. effect n.影响;C. affect v.影响,感染; D. sign 符号,记号。句意:但是现在所有的生物仍然表明年龄的影响,这些影响最终导致死亡。空白处由前面的the和后面的of 修饰要用名词,故选B. 3.D考查动词短语。which引导非限制性定语从句指代“衰老的结果”。A. lead in 导入; B. give in 屈服,让步; C. run into撞上;D. result in导致。此处指年龄的影响会最终导致死亡,根据句意选D. 4.D考查名词。A. hands手; B. feet脚;C. heart心;D. organs 器官。句意:年龄不是疾病,但一个人过了成熟期,身体里的细胞及细胞组成的器官功能就不像儿童期和青年期那样好了。此处指身体所有的器官老化,而不是某一具体部位,故选D. 5.C考查动词。此处指身体里的细胞及细胞组成的器官功能就不像儿童期和青年期那样好了,成熟期后和儿童期和青年期对比,儿童期和青年期要用过去时did ,故选C. 6.B考查名词。A. energy能量;B. protection 保护;C. prevention 阻止;D. power 力量。句意:身体提供的抵抗疾病的保护变少,出意外的可能更大。此处protection 和介词against构成短语,译为“保护……免受……”根据句意选B. 7.A考查副词。A项likely是从外表迹象进行判断,有可能发生的事。C项possible指客观上有可能性,但往往含有希望很小的意思。B项probable比possible可能性大,表示“很可能”,指有实际依据或逻辑上合情合理。D. alike 以同样的方式,类似于。此处指患病 出意外的可能更大,主语是The body只能用likely,故选A. 8.B考查动词。A. attend to注意,照料; B. lead to导致; C. add to增加;D. devote to 致力于,奉献于。句意:许多相关的原因能导致老龄。 lead to是固定短语“导致”符合句意,故选B. 9.A考查动词。A. replaced取代,替换;B. rebuilt 重建;C. recovered 恢复;D. rearranged 重新排列。句意:身体里的一些细胞有相当长的寿命,但是它们死后无法被代替。下文body cells die and are replaced by new cells.也再次出现,故选A. 10.C考查固定短语。A. a number of 许多,修饰可数名词;B. the amount of……的数量,与不可数名词连用;C. the number of ……的数量,与可数名词连用;D. a great deal of大量的,修饰不可数名词。句意:随着人年龄的增长,脑细胞和肌肉细胞的数量减少。此处与可数名词cells连用,故选C. 11.D考查代词。A. The others某一范围内的其他人或事; B. Others 其他人或事;C. Another另一个;D. Other 其他的。此处指除脑细胞和肌肉细胞以外的其他细胞,与上文的some呼应,故选D. 12.C 考查形容词。A. old 老的; B. left左边的;C. new新的;D. other 其他的。此处指老年人体内的新细胞的发展能力不如年轻人强。和上句的new cells一致,故选C. 13.C考查介词。be capable of 是固定短语,表示“有……的能力”。其他项不能与 capable搭配,故选C. 14.A考查名词。A. factor因素; B. effect影响;C. reason 原因;D. element 元素,要素。上文提到 A number of related causes与此对应,指造成一种事实和现象的原因,此处指老化的另外一个因素是细胞本身内部的变化,故选A. 15.C考查代词。此处指细胞本身内部的变化。此处需要填一个作同位语的名词或代词,选项中只有反身代词themselves 作cells的同位语,故选C. 16.C考查动词形式。本句是被动句,其主动形式是:It is known that some of the protein chemicals in cells change with age and become less elastic 句意为:大家知道细胞内有些蛋白质随着年龄的增大而改变,变得没那么有弹性。在叙述一般性事物时,动词know后的不等式不用进行时式和完成式,故选C. 17.A考查动词时态。become在此时系动词,后接形容词作表语。因为全文谈论的是人人都要变老的客观事实,时态用一般现在时,不用进行时。故选A. 18.B考查动词。A. increase增加;B. shrink 收缩;C. lengthen延长;D. decrease 减少,一般强调量的减少。句意:这就是为什么老人的身高会收缩的原因。根据句意选B. 19.D考查动词短语。A. pass away去世;B. pass by 经过,走过; C. pass off停止,完成; D. pass on 传递。句中store and pass on information指“储存和传递信息”符合句意,故选D. 20.D考查名词。A. improvement 改善;B. possess拥有;C. approach方法,途径;D. process 过程,方法。通篇叙述人的衰老的过程,此处填process表示“自然的过程,进程”,符合上下文意思,即:衰老可能影响这种进程和改变信息。故选D. 考点:考查科学文化类短文阅读。 【名师点睛】 完型填空题的命题特点及答题方法: 1.侧重基础知识,考查学生语言知识的能力 完型填空以文入手,结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识,主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力,其中考查实词居多。如第16、20、23、24、33小题考查动词辨析;第31、32小题考查动词形式,第34小题考动词短语。 2.上下文对照,考查学生捕捉关键词的能力 解完型填空题时,单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的,需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照,即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此,在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力,捕捉关键词。如文中第24小题A. replaced取代,替换;B. rebuilt 重建;C. recovered 恢复;D. rearranged 重新排列。句意:身体里的一些细胞有相当长的寿命,但是它们死后无法被代替。下文body cells die and are replaced by new cells.也再次出现,故选A. 3.设置语境,考查学生的分析推理能力 旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。如文中第16小题A. would 将要; B. be used to习惯于;C. used to过去常常;D. used 使用。句意:现在的人们比以前更长寿了。 此处和 now进行对比用“ 过去常常”,故选C. 4.结合生活,考查学生利用常识的能力 目的考查学生的生活常识,看看学生是否善于观察生活,积累生活常识,能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。如文中第19小题考查名词。A. hands手; B. feet脚;C. heart心;D. organs 器官。句意:年龄不是疾病,但一个人过了成熟期,身体里的细胞及细胞组成的器官功能就不像儿童期和青年期那样好了。此处指器官身体所有的器官老化,而不是某一具体部位,这是常识,故选D. 5.关注连词,考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力 此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况想,通过阅读能否理解句子的与句子的关系,是否了解行文逻辑的要求,能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。
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