Question

Children who are spanked (挨打) have lower IQs worldwide, including in the United States. All parents want smart children. Avoiding spanking and correcting misbehavior in other ways can help that happen.

A new research by Professor Murray Straus found that children in the United States who were spanked had lower IQs four years later than those who weren’t spanked. Straus and Mallie Paschall, a senior research scientist, studied nationally examples of 806 children aged 2 to 4, and 704 aged 5 to 9. Both groups were retested four years later.

The IQs of children IQs aged 2 to 4 who weren’t spanked were 5 points higher four year later than the IQs of those who were spanked. The IQs of children aged 5 to 9 who weren’t spanked were 2.8 points higher four years later than the IQs of children at the same age who were spanked. How often parents spanked made a difference. The more spanking, the slower the development of children’s mental ability. But even small amounts of spanking made a difference.

Straus also found a lower national average IQ in nations in which spanking was more popular. His analysis shows the strongest link between physical punishment and IQ is for those whose parents continue to use physical punishment even when they are teenagers.

Straus also found a lower national average IQ in nations in which spanking was more popular. His analysis shows the strongest link between physical punishment and IQ is for those whose parents continue to use physical punishment even when they are teenagers.

Straus and colleagues in 32 nations used data on physical punishment experienced by 17,404 university students when they were children. According to Straus, there’re two explanations for the relation of physical punishment to lower IQ.

First, physical punishment is extremely stressful and can become a long-lasting stressor for young children, who typically experience punishment three or more times a week. For many it continues for years. The stress of physical punishment often leads to being fearful that terrible things are about to happen and being easily shocked. They’re associated with lower IQ. Second, a higher national level of economic development leads to both fewer parents using physical punishment and a higher national IQ.

The good news is that the use of physical punishment has been decreasing worldwide, which may signal future gains in IQ across the globe. The United Nations has called on all member nations to forbid physical punishment by parents. Nevertheless, there’s evidence that attitude favoring physical punishment and actual use of physical punishment have been declining even in nations which haven’t forbidden physical punishment.

1. From the passage we can know that physical punishment will make______.

A. no scientist

B. a well-behaved child

C. a bad parent-child relationship

D. a child feel nervous continuously

2.It can be concluded from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 that______.

A. long-term spanking will cause children’s mental disorder.

B. low national average IQ limits the mental development of children

C. young children have more chances to suffer from physical punishment.

D. high frequency of spanking results in slow development of children’s intelligence

3. According to Straus’s research, children’s being spanked is probably related to parents’______.

A. low income

B. little education

C. long-lasting pressure

D. passive personalities

4. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that______.

A. the improvement of global average IQ is out of the question

B. physical punishment becomes less popular in the world

C. most countries have realized the negative consequence of punishing in its member nations.

D. the UN has succeeded in banning physical punishment in its member nations

Answer

1.D

2.D

3.A

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：通过对挨打和不挨打孩子们的智商测试，专家告诉我们体罚会降低孩子智商，并对此进行了详细分析。呼吁禁止体罚孩子。

1.D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段The stress of physical punishment often leads to being fearful that terrible things are about to happen and being easily shocked.可知体罚会使孩子紧张、恐惧，故选D.

2.D推理判断题。根据第三段The more spanking, the slower the development of children’s mental ability.和第四段His analysis shows the strongest link between physical punishment and IQ is for those whose parents continue to use physical punishment even when they are teenagers.可知体罚和智商间的密切关系，体罚会减慢儿童智力的发展。故选D.

3.A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段a higher national level of economic development leads to both fewer parents using physical punishment and a higher national IQ.可知经济发达国家父母体罚孩子现象较少全国智商较高，由此推断孩子被体罚和父母收入有关，故选A.

4.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The good news is that the use of physical punishment has been decreasing worldwide和there’s evidence that attitude favoring physical punishment and actual use of physical punishment have been declining even in nations which haven’t forbidden physical punishment.可知世界上许多国家体罚现象都在减少，故选B.

考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。

【名师点睛】

阅读方法和技巧：

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学会文章归类阅读

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最好的方法是，我们一开始就制定分类标准，每做完一篇文章就在其标题后或首句前注明文章的类别，这样到了考前，归纳起来就容易多了。

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掌握每种阅读方法，在不同阅读阶段采用不同的阅读方法，从而提高我们的做题能力。