Australian scientists are trying to give k
angaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep in order to cut the greenhouse gases they send out, which are thought to be responsible for global warming.
Thanks to special bacteria in their stomachs, kangaroo flatulence(肠胃气胀)contains no methane(甲烷)and scientists want to transfer that bacteria to cattle and sheep who produce large quantities of the harmful gas.
While the usual image of greenhouse gas pollution is a huge chimney pushing out carbon dioxide, animals at home contribute a surprisingly high percentage of total emissions in some countries. “Fourteen percent of emissions from all sources in Australia is from methane from cattle and sheep,” said Athol Kleve, a senior research scientist with the Queensland state government.
And if you look at another country such as New Zealand, which has got a much higher agricultural base, they're actually up around 50 percent, ” he said.
Researchers say the bacteria also make the digestive process much more efficient and could potentially save millions 
of dollars in feed costs for farmers. But it will take researchers at least three years to isolate (分离) the bacteria, before they can even start to develop a way of transferring it to cattle and sheep.
Another group of scientists, meanwhile, has suggested Australians should farm fewer cattle and sheep and just eat more kangaroos. People are still arguing about this, but about 20 percent of health-conscious Australians are believed to eat the national symbol already.“It's low in fat, it’s got high protein levels and it's very clean in the sense that basically it's the free-range (放养的) animal,” said Peter Amp of the University of New South Wales's institute of environmental studies.
1.Scientists try to give kangaroo-style stomachs to cattle and sheep to __________.
A. help them fight against different diseases.
B. reduce the amount of greenhouse gases.
C. get rid of the bacteria in their stomachs.
D. protect them from quantities of harmful gas.
2. The advantage of transferring the bacteria to cattle and sheep is that_____________.
A. it will take the researchers a long time.
B. cattle and sheep will eat more than usual.
C. it will help the farmers to save money.
D. the bacteria will make them grow quickly.
3. From this passage we can infer that___________.
A. scientists still don’t know how to transfer the bacteria to cattle and sheep.
B. people in Australia depend on kangaroos for food at the present time.
C. 14% of the greenhouse gases in New Zealand is from cattle and sheep.
D. nobody in Australia will be allowed to farm cattle and sheep in the future.
Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners．
One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week．The runners were observed on a treadmill machine（跑步机）．Sometimes they wore running shoes．Other times they ran barefoot．
Researchers found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees，hips and ankle joints than running barefoot．They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels．
The other study compared runners in the United States and Kenya．The researchers divided the runners into three groups．One group had always run shoeless．Another group had always run with shoes．And the third group had changed to shoeless running．
Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first．That puts great force on the back of the foot．But the study found that barefoot
runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot．That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heels．
Daniel Lieberman says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels．The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe，so it would seem more likely to come down first．Also，the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings．
But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot．They say it takes some training．And there can be risks，like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured．
1.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Running in shoes is partly good to runners.
B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.
C. Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot.
D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases.
2. From the fifth paragraph we can infer that__________.
A. running barefoot is faster than running in shoes.
B. the landing point is very important in r
unning.
C. running shoeless can give people a real exercise.
D. different running ways cause different injuries.
3.Why do people who run in shoes land on their heels?
A. Because the shoes put great force on the back of the foot.
B. Because the design of running shoes is unreasonable.
C. Because people who often run get used to landing on their heels.
D. Because the running people want to run faster.
4.What’s the writer’s attitude towards the use of the modern running shoes?
A. Positive. B. Persuasive.
C. Objective. D. Supportive.
Flying like a bird has been the dream of humans since ancient times. Last week a group of modern birdmen put their courage on their wings and challenged gravity in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.
“Yes, you can buy a ticket and fly to another city. But running with your own wings and feeling your feet ready to take off is totally different,” Dong Fang, said in an excited voice. He is one of 41 students from Hangzhou No. 14 Middle School to test their home-made aircrafts in the playground. Inspired by the International Bognor Birdman Competition in the UK, Ni Wangyue, a teacher in high school is holding a similar event. The Bognor Birdman competition started in 1971 in the England coastal city Bognor. People ran off the end of a pier (码头) with their own aircraft in an attempt to “fly” the farthest distance.
“From the very beginning , I
didn’t expect my students to create a real plane or break any records. I told them the competition is more for seeing how far your imagination can stretch,” Said Ni. He was surprised to see his students create 10 different aircrafts with all kinds of material available in the past month. Many students said that they learnt much more in the process of creating their planes than in ordinary classes.
Jing Yuchen and his team named their plane “Weiming E”, which means an unknown goose. The 17-year-old boy deeply believes their goose of steel pipe and sailcloth will honour its name by successfully making it fly.
“Our work is much more imaginative than others. With several colourful balloons on its back and a pair of light plastic wings, it surely is the most eye-catching work, if not the best,” said Yu Liang, another student.
“Although most of those home-made aircrafts cannot really take the boys flying, the boys’ braveness and creativity in this project will encourage every one of them to fly high in the future,” Ni said.
1.The purpose of the competition is to ___________.
A. prepare to create more real planes.
B. let students break some records.
C. run off the end of a pier.
D. encourage braveness and creativity.
2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. There were 41 students taking part in the competition.
B. A similar kind of competition started in 1971.
C. The teacher didn’t expect his students could create 10 different aircrafts.
D. Most of those home-made aircrafts could take the boys flying.
3. By saying “you can buy a ticket and fly to another city”, the writer actually means ___________.
A. if you want to take part in the competition you have to buy a ticket.
B. people who take part in the competition have to fly to another city.
C. people can pay to get a chance to go to another place by air.
D. the students have to fly to another city in their home-made aircrafts.
4.Why did the teacher organize this activity?
A. He wanted to develop students’ imagination.
B. He wanted his students to have the feeling of flying.
C. He wanted his students to break records.
D. He wanted to increase his students’ grades.
From time to time I travel to town from my new country home. On this particular Saturday, it was Adam’s turn to accompany me on the forty-five-minute drive---- a coveted(渴望的) pleasure.
Adam has a deep fondness of candy. If he knew there was a candy treat on the other side of a mountain， he would move the entire mountain, stone by stone, to get the treat.
When we arrived, we walked toward the store. But I found Adam had fallen silent — his s
tare falling on something further down the street.
There an old man sat by the store entrance, begging. His gray sweater had many holes exposing a dirty T-shirt. He sat with his back to the wall, his hands cupped around an empty hat.
“Can I have my dollar, daddy?” I pulled a dollar and handed it to Adam and thought he would use it to buy his candy. “Thank you, daddy.” He went away and I went on to choose something we needed. After a while we left the store and walked a few feet to the corner. While waiting for the light, I felt Adam gently slip his hand from mine. I turned watching him as he walked back to the beggar giving his dollar.
When he came back, I hugged Adam saying, “Daddy is very proud of you, Adam. That was very thoughtful.”
“It certainly was,” confirmed(证实) a female voice to my right. I turned and watched a middle-aged woman place five dollars in the man’s hat. “May I?” she asked as she leaned over to kiss Adam’s cheek. I nodded and smiled—Adam smiled.
“Look, daddy.” Adam was looking over my shoulder to the beggar. A small group of people had gathered around him placing money in his hat. I couldn’t help but recall a thought: A child shall lead them.
1.Why did Adam become silent when walking to the store?
A. Because he felt tired after the drive.
B. Because he noticed a beggar sitting by the store.
C. Because the beggar asked money from him.
D. Because he saw an old man sat before the store entrance.
2.What made the writer feel proud of his son?
A. Adam dared to walk alone on the busy road.
B. Adam was able to buy something for himself.
C. Adam shared his sweet with poor beggar.
D. Adam gave his money to the poor beggar.
3. What did the woman want to do by asking “May I?”
A. She wanted to show her praise by kissing Adam.
B. She asked if she could give the beggar some money.
C. She intended to give five dollars to Adam in return.
D. She hoped to kiss the writer for his act of kindness.
4. From the passage, we can make a conclusion that ____________.
A. a child is often the first to love others.
B. a child can take the lead in loving others.
C. a child usually needs others to lead him.
D. a child sometimes should be led to do things.
书面表达
假定你是李华，得知某英文网站组织免费派送《灰姑娘》音乐剧赠票的竞赛活动，但需要申请者写信竞票。请你给主办单位写一封信，内容包括：
1．你得知赠票信息的途径；
2．你对《灰姑娘》故事的喜爱和对该音乐剧的期待；
3．申请赠票并表示感谢；
4. 赠票寄送地址：广州市中山路91号
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语已为你写好。
4. 参考词汇：《灰姑娘》音乐剧 the Cinderella musical
Dear Sir/Madame,
.
.
.
Yours,
Li Hua
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(
)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The best advice I received in my childhood was from my dad. He always gives me some
advice, but I seldom took them seriously. One day he was encouraged me to participate in a
speech competition. So I signed up and after the competition, I did my best to be full prepared. But the moment I stood on the stage, I was such nervous that my mind completely went blank.
The experience of lose a competition was really painful. Then, my dad said, “My son, life
is like battlefield. You have to lose many time to win the final victory.” Thanks for his advice,
I never give up when I do anything.
