根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hearing ability is one of the important senses a human being has. 1._____. Hearing loss may be temporary or permanent. Usually, temporary hearing loss is reversible(可医治的) after proper treatment.
2._____. Due to constant exposure to loud sounds, the sensitive structures in the inner ear get damaged, which results in hearing loss. This type of hearing loss is accompanied by ringing of the ears. 3._____. Infections in the middle ear can also cause temporary hearing loss. It may be accompanied by pain and bloody drainage(排泄) out of the ear. Temporary hearing loss may also result from damage to the sensory structures of the inner ear, which may get damaged by infections, drugs, and skull injuries. Besides, the intake of medicines which have side effects such as aspirin for a long period can give rise to temporary hearing loss.
Temporary hearing loss can be prevented. 4._____. You should avoid the exposure to loud sounds as much as possible. 5.___. Make friends, family and colleagues aware of the dangers of loud sounds. Regular cleaning of the ears is necessary.
Temporary hearing loss can be easily treated. If there’s any kind of ear injury, you may have to undergo a surgery. If there are some ear infections, they can be treated with the anti-bacterial solutions. As soon as you suffer from the temporary hearing loss, you should immediately meet the doctor and get proper treatment to prevent further damage to the ears. Temporary hearing loss can also be treated by using a hearing aid.
A. If you’re in the loud environment, protect your ears by wearing earplugs or other protective devices.
B. There are various reasons for temporary hearing loss.
C. But good news is that hearing loss may come with a lot of health benefits, including making your other senses sharper.
D. However, some people lose this ability due to certain reasons, which is known as hearing loss.
E. Here are some preventive measures.
F. If we can improve our hearing with operation, we can probably make the same change with our sight as well.
G. If the exposure is continuous and if left untreated, the hearing loss may be untreatable and permanent.
Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history. Dubos (1969) suggested that primitive（原始的）humans were closer to the animals because they, too, relied upon their instincts to stay healthy. Yet some primitive humans recognized a cause and effect relationship between doing certain things and alleviating（减轻）symptoms of a disease or improving the condition of a wound. Since there was so much that primitive humans did not understand about the functioning of the body, magic became an integral component（不可或缺的成分）of the beliefs about the causes and cures of health disorders. So it is not surprising that early humans thought that illness was caused by evil spirits. Primitive medicines made from vegetables or animals were always used in combination with some form of ritual（礼仪）to drive harmful spirits away from a diseased body.
One of the earliest attempts in the Western world to formulate principles of health care based upon rational（理性的）thought and rejection of supernatural phenomena is found in the work of the Greek physician Hippocrates. Little is known of Hippocrates who lived around 400 B.C., not even whether he actually authored the collection of books that bears his name. Nevertheless, the writings attributed to him have provided a number of principles underlying modern medical practice. One of his most famous contributions, the Hippocratic Oath, is the foundation of contemporary medical ethics（道德）. Among other things, it requires a physician to swear that he or she will help the sick, keep oneself from intentional wrong-doing or harm, and keep secret all matters to keep the doctor-patient relationship.
Hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived（源自于） from an understanding of the natural sciences and the logic of cause and effect relationships. In this classic thesis（论点）, On Airs, Waters, and Places, Hippocrates pointed out that human-being is influenced by the totality of environmental factors: living habits or lifestyle, climate, geography of the land, and the quality of air and food. Interesting enough, concerns about our health and the quality of air, water, and places are still very much written in the twentieth century.
1. The topic of the first paragraph is summarized in ________.
A. Sentence 1 B. Sentence 2
C. Sentence 3 D. the last sentence
2. Why did primitive humans rely on magic in their beliefs about the causes and cures of diseases?
A. Because magic was an inseparable part of their life.
B. Because they had little knowledge about the body.
C. Because the diseases were caused by the evil spirits.
D. Because magic must be used in going through the rituals to drive out the evil spirits.
3.Considering Hippocrates’ background, we can see from the second paragraph that ________.
A. he was the forefather of modern medicine
B. experts are sure that the books bearing his name were not written by him
C. he had a rational mind aided by supernatural instincts
D. experts do not know much about him except when and where he lived
4.All of the following are included in the Hippocratic Oath EXCEPT ________.
A. helping patients
B. keeping oneself from harming patients
C. keeping secret all matters to maintain a good relationship with the patients
D. obeying rules for modern medicine practice
A deal has been signed to turn by-products from a Scottish distillery（酿酒厂）into fuel for cars.
In what is declared to be a world first, the Tullibardine distillery in Perthshire has linked up with a spin-out company from Napier University in Edinburgh. They plan to use bacteria to feed on the "leftovers" from the whisky（威士忌酒）making process. This will produce butanol which can be used to fuel vehicles.
More than 90% of the stuff that comes out of a whisky distillery is not whisky. It is leftovers like draff and pot ales（酒糟）— both produced in the early stages of the process. They are high in sugar and are currently used for things like fertiliser and cattle feed. Napier University's Biofuel Research Centre (BfRC) has already shown that the right bacteria can feed on those by-products to produce butanol—a direct replacement for vehicle fuel. Now the spin-out company, Celtic Renewables, and independent whisky producer Tullibardine have signed an agreement. Together they will apply the process to thousands of tons of the distillery's leftovers.
Professor Martin Tangney, founder of Celtic Renewables, said "Our partnership with Tullibardine is an important step in the development of a business which combines two important Scottish industries — whisky and renewables. This project shows that creative use of existing technologies can utilize resources on our doorstep to benefit both the environment and the economy."
Douglas Ross, managing director of Tullibardine, which spends £250,000 disposing of its by-products every year, said "We are delighted to be partnering Celtic Renewables in this creative business, the obvious benefits of which are environmental. It takes a cost to us and turns it into something that has social as well as commercial value."
The project is being supported by a grant（拨款） from the Scottish government's Zero Waste Scotland initiative. Celtic Renewables said it eventually aimed to build a processing plant in Scotland, with the hope of building an industry that could be worth £60m a year.
1.According to the passage, ______will be used to take the place of petrol.
A. whisky B. whisky leftovers
C. butanol D. draff and pot ales
2. How do people deal with whisky leftovers at present?
A. They throw them away.
B. They use them to feed people.
C. They use them to feed bacteria.
D. They use them for crops or cattle.
3.What does the underlined word “utilize” in the fourth paragraph probably mean?
A. make use of. B. get rid of.
C. use up. D. find out.
4.Which of the following categories does this passage belong to?
a. Health b. Science c. Food
d. Nature e. Environment f. Business
A. b,c,e B. b,e,f C. a,b,f D. a,b,c
Sometimes people call each other "freaked-cat", but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its bloodstream. Although the cat doesn't realize this, its body is getting ready for action. If the danger continues, the animal will do one of two things. It will defend itself, or it will run away as fast as it can.
Something like this also happens to people. When we are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions , our bodies go through many physical changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves or run.
Human beings, however, have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them take over, we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger —or hit somebody—and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told somebody you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then wished later you had kept your mouth shut?It isn't always clever to express your feelings freely.
Does this mean that it's smarter always to hide our feelings? No! If you keep feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays tense. Physical illness can develop. It can actually be bad for your health. It isn't good to keep pleasant feelings inside either; all feelings need to be expressed.
Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside don't just go away. It's as if you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them. but before long you' d smell them. And if you opened the cupboard, chances are that you'd see little fruit flies flying all over them. They'd be rotten.
You can try to treat emotions as if they were bananas in the cupboard. You can hide them and you can pretend they don't exist, but they'll still be around. And at last you'll have to deal with them. just like those bananas.
1. The best title for this article is_____.
A. Emotions Affect Our Bodies
B. What Happens to A Frightened Cat
C. What Happens to An Excited Person
D. Feelings That People Have
2.What does the word "freaked" mean in the first sentence?
A. excite B. scared C. angry D. shocked
3. According to the passage, we may conclude that we human beings_____.
A. have fewer problems than animals
B. have the same problems as animals
C. have more problems than animals
D. have cleverer problems than animals
4.The author wrote this article in order to_____.
A. give us some advice on how to express our feelings
B. make us face the problem that we have to deal with feelings
C. make us know that it isn't always wise to express our feelings freely
D. tell us that it isn't good to keep feelings inside
“The Boxtrolls”
From Laika Entertainment, the animation house behind “Coraline” and “ParaNorman” comes, “The Boxtrolls,” adapted from the children’s book “Here Be Monsters!” by Alan Snow. The movie, about a boy who is raised by unusual creatures, features the voices of Ben Kingsley, Simon Pegg and Elle Fanning. Opens Sept. 26. Area theatres.
“Awake and Sing!”
Olney presents the 1935 comic drama by Clifford Odets about a Brooklyn family struggling through the Great Depression. Step. 24 through Oct. 19. Olney Theatre Center, 2001 Olney-Sandy Spring Rd., Olney. 301-924-3400.www.olneytheatre.org. $38.50-63.50.
Fiesta DC
Celebrate the city’s Latino culture with a parade, dance, music and more. Sept. 21. Parade: 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. Constitution Avenue from Seventh Street NW to 14th Street NW. Festival: Noon to 7 p.m. Pennsylvania Avenue, between Ninth and 14th streets NW. 202-489-7141.www.fiestadc. org.
“On Paper: Alternate Realities”
The 26 pieces by American artists, including Raymond Pettibon and lona Rozeal Brown, take inspiration from popular culture, using art to explore dark themes. Through April 12. Baltimore Museum of Art, 10 Art Museum Dr., Baltimore. 443-573-17000. www. artma. org.
“Untitled: The Art of James Castle”
A self-taught artist from rural Idaho, Castle used whatever was available-newspaper, coal, sticks-to create buildings, landscapes, people and more. Sept.26 through Feb.1. American Art Museum, Eighth and F streets NW. 202-633-1000. www. americanart. si. edu.
Neo-impressionism at the Phillips
“Neo-impressionism and the Dream of Realities: Painting, Poetry, Music” displays works by artists such as Georges Seurat, who presented stylized landscapes and people. Sept. 27 through Jan. 11. Phillips Collection, 1600 21st St. NW. 202-387-2151. www. phillipscollection. org. $ 12; $ 10 for students and senitors; free for age 18 and younger.
“Driving Miss Daisy”
Ford’s Theatre starts its season with the Pulitzer Prize winner about the decades-long relationship between an aging woman and her black driver in Atlanta. Washington stage actors Nancy Robinette and Craig Wallace perform in this beloved classic. Sept. 26 through Oct. 26. Ford’s Theatre, 511 10th St. NW. 202-347-4833. www. fordstheatre. org. $20-$62.
1.Which of the following may attract kids most?
A. “The Boxtrolls.”
B. “Awake and Sing!”
C. “Driving Miss Daisy.”
D. “On Paper: Alternate Realities.”
2.If you want to observe a cultural festival, you can go to ______.
A. Area theatres on Sept. 26
B. Ford’s Theatre on Sept. 26
C. Constitution Avenue before 10 p.m. on Sept. 21
D. Pennsylvania Avenue on the afternoon of Sept. 21
3. We can infer that the text is ________.
A. a research report
B. a going out guide
C. a review of different arts
D. an introduction to famous works
书面表达
假如你是王明，将到美国参加一个英语学习俱乐部活动，你要在会上交流自己的英语学习体会。请根据要求写一篇发言稿。内容包括：学习方法、学习收获、学习困难。
注意：
1． 词数 100个左右；
2． 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
Dear friends,
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