Question

Students who say they never or hardly ever use dictionaries often speak English well but usually write poorly, because they make many mistakes.

The students who use dictionaries most do not learn especially well either. The ones who look up every new word do not read fast. Therefore they do not have time to read much. Those who use small two-language dictionaries have the worst problems. Their dictionaries often give only one or two words as translations of English. But one English word often has many translations in a foreign language and one foreign word has many translations in English.

The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often. When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context. Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand. They use dictionaries more for writing. If they are not sure how to spell a word, or divide it into syllables (音节), they always use a dictionary. Also, if they think a noun might have an unusual plural form, they check these in a dictionary.

1.The writer thinks that       .

A. choose a good dictionary, and you’ll be successful in learning English

B. dictionaries are not necessary to the students who learn English

C. it is very important for students to use good dictionaries properly

D. using dictionaries very often can’t help to improve writing

2. According to the passage, which of the following is wrong?

A. Dictionaries have little effect on learning to speak English.

B. Whatever new words you meet while reading, never use dictionaries.

C. Small two-language dictionaries have serious defects (缺陷).

D. Reading something for the first time, you’d better not use dictionaries.

3.When in the reading does the writer advise students to use a good dictionary?

A. At the beginning of the reading

B. At the end of the reading

C. During the first reading

D. After the first reading

4.This passage mainly tells us       .

A. students shouldn’t use small two-language dictionaries

B. what were the defects of small two-language dictionaries

C. why students should use large college edition dictionaries

D. what dictionary students should choose and how to use it

Answer

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.D

【解析】

试题分析：本文属于教育类说明文，告诉我们应该使用词条较多的大字典，并告诉我们如何使用字典。

1.C 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句The most successful students are those who use large college edition dictionaries with about 100,000 words but do not use them too often.可知最成功的学生是使用有10万词条的大字典但并不频繁使用，只是在适当的时候使用的学生。也就是说恰当地使用好字典是很重要的。故C正确。

2.B 推理判断题。根据第三段第三句Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand.可知我们可以去查那些重新阅读以后仍然不能理解的词，这是有效的使用字典的方式。并不是说从来不查字典是正确的。故B项符合要求。

3.D 推理判断题。根据第三段2、3句When they are reading, these students first try to get the general idea and understand new words from the context. Then they reread and use the dictionary to look up only key words that they still do not understand.可知阅读的时候，学生先读一遍，然后再查自己自己不理解的生词。故D正确。

4.D 主旨大意题。文章一、二两段中阐述了错误使用字典的两种情况，在第二段中还提出我们应该使用词条较多的大字典。然后和在文章第三段中提出了使用字典的正确方法。属于D项内容符合上下文串联。

【名师点睛】

本文5. 段落的构成有其内在的规律，其中心思想往往是通过段落中的主题句来体现的。因此了解并掌握这些规律，迅速找出主题句，从而抓住中心思想对于提高阅读理解能力大有益处。 这些规律主要是通过主题句在段落中所处的不同的位置体现的。因此同学们首先应对以下四种段型有所了解，然后通过一系列有意识的训练掌握它们。

1．首句是主题句的规律

①给予例证、解释或说明的段落；

②下定义的段落；

③对两个或两个以上的事物作比较或对比的段落；

④表明原因和结果(往往结果交代在前)的段落。 主题句是首句的段落总是用演绎法撰写，遵循从一般到个别或特殊的写作程序，即以概述开段，随之辅以细说。这样的段落在文章中出现得最多，据专门研究阅读理论与技巧的专家们统计，概率达到70%。

本段的首句是主题句，其后的句子或是解释说明“对植物说话或唱歌有益于植物”，或是为这一主题思想提供论据。本段的结尾句呼应主题句，在给予主题思想又一论据的同时，幽默地收尾。

2．段落尾句是主题句的规律

(1)阐述一个不常见的或难以令人接受的观点的段落。

(2)旨在说服读者相信甚至信服其论点的段落。

尾句是主题句的段落总是用归纳法撰写的，其程序是先表述细节或交代论据，最后作出概括性的结论，以总结性的句子收尾。这种写作方法的特点是从个别到一般，由特殊性到共性。

3．段落中间句是主题句的规律

表述某种观点的段落的主题句往往处于段落的中间。这样段落先以一句或几句为主题句的出现作铺垫，或是交代一个细节或论据。在主题句出场后，仍有适当数量的句子陈述细节或继续给予例证。这类段落包括几个层次：引题—主题思想—解释或“提问”—回答问题或继续给予例证。这样段落的撰写总是遵循这条规律：先归纳后演绎。给出一两个例证之后，作出概括性的总结，然后根据这一结论再给予例证来证实其论点。

考点：考查说明文阅读