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Much time _____ siting at a desk, office...

Much time _____ siting at a desk, office clerks are generally troubled by various health  problems.

A. being spent   B. having spent

C. spending     D. spent

 

D 【解析】 试题分析:考查独立主格结构。当分词做状语的时候,如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系,就使用现在分词做状语;当二者构成被动关系,使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系,可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。本句中名词短语much time与主句主语office clerks没有关系,使用在much time的后面添上过去分词spent构成独立主格结构。因为much time和spend构成被动关系,所以排除BC两项。因为BC两项表示主动,A项表示正在进行,本句表示的是已经完成的动作。所以使用过去分词表示被动和已经完成。故D正确。 【名师点睛】 独立主格结构基本构成形式 :名词(代词)+现在分词(过去分词;形容词;副词;不定式;名词;介词短语) 1. 名词(代词)+现在分词 Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance. 黑夜笼罩大地,谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。 There being no bus, we had to walk home. 由于没有公共汽车,我们只好走回家。 2. 名词(代词)+过去分词 The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved. 由于工人们的生活条件大大提高,他们工作得更起劲了。 He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 他上课专心听讲,眼睛紧盯着黑板。 3. 名词(代词)+不定式 在“名词/代词+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词如果存在着逻辑上的主谓关系,动词不定式则用主动的形式;如果是动宾关系,则用被动形式。 The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book. 我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。 Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 种上许多的树、花和草后,我们新建的学校看上去将更美。 4. 名词(代词)+形容词 The Trojans asleep, the Greek soldiers crept out of the hollow wooden horse. 特洛伊人睡着了,于是希腊士兵从中空的木马里悄悄爬了出来。 Computers very small, we can use them widely. 电脑虽小,我们却能广泛地利用它们。 5. 名词(代词)+副词 The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room. 散会了,校长很快就离开了会议室。 The lights off, we could not go on with the work. 灯熄了,我们不能继续工作了。 6. 名词(代词)+名词 His first shot failure,he fired again. 他第一枪没击中,又打了一枪。 Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. 两百人死于事故,其中有许多儿童。 7. 名词(代词) +介词短语 He lay at full length upon his stomach,his head resting upon his left forearm. 他的脊背朝天,四肢伸展,头枕着左臂,直挺挺地趴伏着。 Every afternoon a very old woman hobbled past the old house,a vast load of firewood on her back. 每天下午,一个背着一大背柴禾的老妇人都会从那间破旧的房屋前蹒跚着走过 考点:考查独立主格结构  
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