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完形填空,请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最...

完形填空,请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。

Human growth is a process of experimentation, trial, and error eventually leading to wisdom. Each time you choose to trust yourself and take action, you can never quite be certain how the situation will ________.

Sometimes you are victorious, and sometimes you become disappointed. The ________experiments, however, are no less valuable than the experiments that finally prove successful; in fact, you

________learn more from your "failures" than you do from your________. If you have made what you think to be a mistake or failed to live up to your own ________ you will most likely put up a barrier between your essence and the part of you that is the alleged (F 7/ßfikJ) wrong-doer.

However, viewing past actions as________implies guilt and blame, and it is not possible to learn anything meaning while you are engaged in blaming. ________forgiveness is required when you are severely judging yourself. Forgiveness is the act of erasing an ________debt. There are four kinds of forgiveness.

The first is beginner forgiveness for yourself.

The second of forgiveness is beginner forgiveness for another.

The third kind of forgiveness is ________ forgiveness of yourself. This is for serious misbehaviors, the ones you carry with deep ________. When you do something that violates your own values and principles, you create a gap between your standards and your actual _______.

In such a case, you need to work very hard at________ yourself for these deeds so that you can close this gap. This does not ________ that you should rush to forgive yourself or shouldn't feel regret, ________taking pleasure in these feelings for a prolonged period of time is not healthy.

The ________and perhaps most difficult one is the advanced forgiveness of another.

At some time of our life, you may have been severely wronged or hurt by another person to such a degree that forgiveness seems________.However, harboring anger and revenge fantasies only keeps you ________ in victimhood. Under such a circumstance, you should force yourself to see the bigger picture. By so doing, you will be able to ________ the focus away from the anger and resentment.

It is only through forgiveness that you can erase wrongdoing and ________the memory. When you can ________ release the situation, you may come to see it as a necessary part of your growth.

1.A. turn out         B. turn up         C. break up     D. break out

2.A. important       B. engaged         C. failed      D. successful

3.A. obviously        B. necessarily   C. continuously D. usually

4.A. success          B. failure         C. fault       D. benefit

5.A. ability         B. expectations   C. belief      D. experiences

6.A. mistakes        B. victories       C. experiments  D. fantasies

7.A. Still           B. Therefore      C. Instead     D. However

8.A. absurd           B. original       C. emotional    D. unusual

9.A. ordinary         B. advanced        C. alternative  D. certain

10.A. wisdom          B. mercy           C. injury      D. shame

11.A. thought         B. approach        C. behavior     D. purpose

12.A. punishing       B. forgiving       C. blaming     D. praising

13.A. mean           B. prove           C. reflect     D. represent

14.A. and             B. or             C. but          D. so

15.A. uncertain       B. premier        C. next         D. last

16.A. essential       B. valuable      C. impossible   D. unavoidable

17.A.trapped          B. located         C. lost         D. occupied

18.A. drive           B. drag           C. put         D. shift

19.A. keep           B. refresh         C. weaken      D. clean

20.A. naturally      B. finally        C. definitely D. initially

 

1.A 2.C 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.D 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.D 20.B 【解析】 试题分析:文章先是以几个对比阐明了“失败和成功一样宝贵”这个道理,引出了 “原谅”这个概念,文章中提到四种原谅,分别是:对自己的初级原谅、对别入的初级原谅、对良己的升级原谅和对别入的升级原谅。只有做到真正的“原谅”,才能实现自身的真正成长。 1.A 考查动词词组辨析,需要理解该句就句意,“Each time you choose to trust yourself and take action, you can never quite be certain how the situation will”每次你决定相信自己并采取行动时,你永远不能确定这个情形的结果会是如何。turn out结果是;turn up出现,调高;break up分解;break out爆发;故A正确。 2.C 考查形容词辨析,由上一句可知:有时候会成功,有时候会失望。所以该句的than比较的对象应该是“成功VS失败”“failed VS successful”故C正确。 3.D 考查副词辨析。根据上文“The 37 experiments, however, are no less valuable than the experiments”然而失败的实验不比成功的实验价值低,可知推断38题“usually”,即“learn more from failures than you do from your_____”我们从失败中学习到的通常要比____学到的更多。故D正确。 4.A 考查名词辨析。名词fault错误;benefit利益; 这几句都在对比“成功与失败”。使用A项“success”对应“failures”。故A正确。 5.B 考查名词辨析。此题的关键词是“live up to”不辜负,符合,达到;要很熟悉这一词组。该词组与名词“expectation期望”连用形成“live up to one's expectation不负众望”。故B正确。 6.A 考查名词辨析。此句重在了解“viewing past actions...”把过去看成....,会意味着内疚和指责。我们很容易就发现把过去看成是错误会带来这些负面的情绪和感受。故A正确。名词victory胜利;experiment实验;fantasy幻想。 7.B 考查副词辨析。副词still仍然;therefore因此;instead代替,而不是;however然而;本题考查内在逻辑,根据上文“it is not possible to learn anything meaning while you are engaged in blaming.”当你沉浸在指责中,你就不可能学到任何有意义的东西,因此要选择原谅。故B 正确。 8.C 考查形容词辨析。形容词absurd荒唐的;original原始的,最初的;emotional情绪的,情感的;unusual不寻常的;原谅是一种情绪、情感。所以C项正确。 9.B考查形容词辨析。形容词ordinary常见的;advanced高级的,先进的;alternative可替代的;certain确定的,特定的;根据前文“the beginner forgiveness”,可以推断文后与beginner对应,且下文50 题所在句中出现了“the advanced forgiveness of another”,原词再现了。故B正确。 10.D 考查名词辨析。名词wisdom智慧;mercy怜悯;injury伤害; shame内疚,羞愧;前文提及“把过去看成错误会意味着内疚和指责”,所以本句中的shame与上文的内疚相近。故D正确。 11.C 考查名词辨析。名词thought想法;approach方法;behavior行为;purpose目的;本句关键在于violate违法,和gap分歧;When you do something that violates your own values and principles.....当你做了一些违反自己价值观和原则的事情,你就在标准和实际之间制造了一个差异,标准对应价值观和原则,所做的事情对应实际的所作所为,故C正确。 12.B 考查动词辨析。动词punish惩罚;forgive原谅;blame责备;praise表扬;第三类原谅是进一步原谅自己,犯错导致自责,制造差异,那么为了消除差异,必须得学会原谅自己,可以推理出“在这种情形下,要非常努力地去原谅自己”。故B正确。 13.A 考查动词辨析,本句表示简单。动词mean意味着;prove证明;reflect反应;represent代表;原谅并不意味着匆忙去原谅自己或不应该感到后悔。故A正确。 14.C 考查连词结果。根据上一句中的not,可知本句是not...but....不是...而是....;“不是意味着....而是意味着...”。故C正确。 15.D 考查形容词辨析。形容词uncertain不确定;premier最重要的;next下一个;last最后一个;联系上我可知一共有四种“forgiveness”,这是最后一个。故D正确。 16.C 考查形容词辨析。形容词essential必要的;valuable贵重的;impossible不可能的;unavoidable无法避免的;根据“you may have been severely wronged or hurt by another person”你也许被某人伤害到如此程度以至于原谅似乎已经不可能了。故C正确。 17.A 考查动词辨析。动词trap围困;locate确定...位置;lose失去;occupy占据;harboring anger and revenge fantasies only keeps you心怀愤怒和仇恨的幻想只会使你困在受迫害的情节中。短语be trapped in...=be stuck in被困在...之中。故A正确。 18.D 考查动词辨析。动词drive驾驶,迫使;drag拉;put放置;shift转换;根据you should force yourself to see the bigger picture强迫占据去看大局,才可以把自己的焦点从愤怒和仇恨转换掉。故D正确。 19.D 考查动词辨析。动词keep保持;refresh刷新;weaken削弱;clean清除;抹去;只有通过原谅才可能抹去恶性、抹去记忆。容易错选B项,refresh one's memory表示“使...想起”故D正确。 20. 【名师点睛】 在完成完形填空时,我们要从语篇的角度入手解题。 1.利用句中的释义、同位替代或定语解释 在阅读过程中碰到意义不清的词语,有时句子本身就包含一些线索,如同义、反义关系、定义、比喻、同位语、举例、归纳、归类等等,考生要学会在句中找出这些线索,从而更好地理解短文内容。 2.通过理解上下文语义,根据相关线索词(尤其是连接词)作逻辑推理 (1)原因、结果:表示某一事物发生的原因。表示原因的连词写在表示原因的句子内,结果连词用来连接某一事物所引起的结果。表达原因、结果的常用词或词组有:because,since,as,due to the fact that,so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,as a result,as a consequence,now that,in that等。 (2)转折、让步:它表示后一种观点或事实与前一种观点或事实相比有些出乎意料。常用的词或词组有:however,vet,but,anyhow,anyway,nevertheless,in spite of等。 (3)比较、对比:比较关系表示意义上的相似关系;对比关系表示意义上的不同或相反。表达比较、对比的常见词和词组有:in comparison,by comparison,like,as,just as,in contrast,by contrast,conversely,oppositely,on the contrary,instead of,rather than等。 (4)列举:指叙述一系列相关的事实、观点等。表示列举逻辑关系的可以是单词,也可以是词组,常见的有:first(ly),second(ly),third(ly)......;first,next,then,last:one,two,three......;for one thing,for another thing......等。 (5)补充:表示对前一个事实或观点做进一步的阐述。表示这种逻辑关系的词或词组常用的有:also,too,similarly,further,moreover,likewise,in addition,furthermore,what's more,not only......but also......,some......others......等。 3.根据上下文,寻找连接通篇的复现词语 词汇的复现关系是指某一词以原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、反义词、概括词等出现在语篇中,句子通过这种重现关系得到了相互衔接。根据这一原则,有时某一个空格所对应的答案可能就是在上下文中复现的相关词。我们可以根据这些复现词之间的有机联系找到正确的答案。考试题中出现的同现现象主要是动词与名词的同现、形容词与名词的同现、名词与名词的同现。 4.参照语境,利用文章线索、举例或提示 所谓语境就是我们常说的上下文。广义的语境指所有的上下文,段与段之间、句子与句子之间、句子与段之间的语义关系。一切语义的理解都离不开上下文。狭义的语境是指句子内部的词语在语义上的联系,我们根据这些联系和选项的辨析选出正确的答案,这种语境原则上应与词汇水平中的辨析结合起来。 由于完型填空的短文是一个意义完整、上下关联的语篇,它所讨论的是同一主题,行文中的替代现象和词语重复都是不可避免的。因此在解答时,应该瞻前顾后,寻找相关线索,如同义、近义词,有时甚至直接搬用文章中的词语或短语。考生应该学会跳出句子层次的樊篱,联系句际间的意义衔接和前后段落的呼应关系,在大范围内进行总体把握,形成“全景式”的考虑。 5.利用文章相关背景知识和常识 完型填空短文的内容经常涉及到的是日常生活或常识。例如,2002年考到的短文是关于媒体的发展历史及信息社会。如果出现这种情况,要善于利用相关背景或常识来增强理解,帮助答题。 考点:考查人生感悟类阅读
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