根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Lots of people give you advice on overcoming fear. ____1.___ However, I want to tell you that a world without fear would be more dangerous, less rewarding. So we want to treat fear as a friend. Here are three reasons.
____2.___ Think about it. Do you get more nervous when you meet the girl (or guy) of your dreams? Which is more fearful, talking to the boss of your company or to some of your friends? ___3.____ If you didn’t have fear to guide you, you might not know that! Not so bad, right?
Next, fear encourages us to take action. Fear is a call to action. In the past, our ancestors (祖先) didn’t run away in fear when they saw a tiger running toward them but tried to kill it for food. Now, most of us don’t face serious danger like hungry tigers every day, but we do face serious bosses or public speaking. So, what can we do? ___4.____ .
Lastly, fear lets you know you are alive. Why do we like roller coasters (过山车)? ____5._____ Same for horror movies.
So fear can guide you towards what’s important for you and encourage you to take action to improve your situation. Don’t we all need that kind of friend?
A. The first is that fear is an excellent guide to opportunity.
B. Don’t fear to be wrong.
C. They say if you can overcome fear, you will be successful.
D. It frightens us in a mostly safe way.
E. Imagine what life would be like without fear.
F. Fear is showing you what is important and what matters to you.
G. Let fear provide us with the energy to do what needs to be done.
It is true that world population is growing, but this is not the cause of our current and future global problems. Believing this will cause us to ignore the real problem and risk long-term damage to our planet.
Let me start by explaining why overpopulation is a myth. For one thing, the UN Population Division regularly predicts population growth but provides a low variant (变量), medium variant, and high variant to factor in various possibilities. In the 2010 revision, their high variant suggests that the world population will be almost 16 billion in 2100, but the low variant predicts it will peak at 8 billion and decrease to just over 6 billion by 2100. In most cases, it is the low variant that has come true in the past, suggesting the same will be true of their future population predictions. In addition to this, the size of families is actually decreasing.
For another, if the Earth is overpopulated, there needs to be insufficient (短缺) food, water, and space for humans to live. However, Indian economist Raj Krishna estimates that India alone is able to increase crop produce to the point of providing the entire world’s food supply. The World Food Programme confirms that there is sufficient food grown to feed the world and there is the same amount of fresh water on the planet now as there was 10,000 years ago. So how is it possible that the number of people in the world is affecting our planet?
Therefore, it is not an increase in population but an increase in consumption that is a severe threat. Materialism and overconsumption are facts of life for everybody in the western world, as possessions reflect a person’s status in society and people strive to obtain happiness through owning the latest fashionable goods. Not only that, but waste is a common occurrence which has a huge effect on our resources. It is a sad truth that 80% of the world’s resources are currently used by just 20% of the world’s population.
Our overconsumption must be addressed now to make our lives more sustainable (可持续的) and avoid continuing the terrible damage to the environment we are causing. The key is education. If we do not work towards this but instead focus on the wrong issue, we may find ourselves living on a planet that can no longer sustain human life.
1.According to the author, what causes our current and future global problems?
A. The increase in population.
B. Shortage of food and water.
C. The fast growth of material needs.
D. Failure to protect the environment.
2.The underlined word “myth” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.
A. fact B. misunderstanding C. possibility D. uncertainty
3.The author stresses that _____.
A. people should save food and water
B. economists are making wrong predictions
C. wrong judgment leads to serious consequences
D. measures should be taken to reduce population
4.What is mainly discussed in the passage?
A. The real cause of global problems.
B. The severe effect of overpopulation.
C. Reasonable use of natural resources.
D. Methods to reduce overconsumption.
We live in a sweet world. The average American kid consumes more than 20 teaspoons of sugar per day, and adults eat 50% more sugar today than they did in the 1970s. We all know that too much sugar isn’t good for you. But did we know it could be dangerous? A team of researchers at the University of Utah used mice to conduct a study on the negative effects of sugar. They found it could have serious effects on people’s health.
Sugar is found not only in sweets and candies, but also in many household items like pasta and crackers.
During the 58-week-long study, mice were fed a diet containing 25% more sugar. This percentage equals a healthy human diet along with three cans of soda daily. The team found that these mice were twice as likely to die as mice fed a similar diet without the sugar. Though the mice did not show signs of obesity or high blood pressure, male mice were 26% less territorial and produced 25% fewer offspring than the other mice.
Scientists often use mice for research because they have a similar genetic（基因） structure to humans. “Since most substances that are dangerous in mice are also dangerous in people, it’s likely that those physical problems that cause those mice to have increased deaths also work in people,” says study author James Ruff of the University of Utah. Findings from this study reveal negative effects that are not as noticeable as weight gain or heart problems. Sugar can contribute to long-term changes in the body that can change development and even shorten lives.
Cutting sugar out of the American diet altogether may be difficult. But making the effort to control our nation’s sugar desire will provide for a truly sweeter future.
1.The study conducted by researchers aimed at learning about________
A. the advantages and disadvantages of sugar
B. the negative effects of sugar on people’s health
C. the genetic structure of mice
D. American’s diet
2.According to the study, which of the following statements is wrong?
A. Sugar can even shorten lives.
B. Sugar’s negative effects are not noticeable.
C. Mice are more likely to die when fed a diet containing 25% more sugar.
D. Eating much more sugar can make mice put on weight and get high blood pressure.
3.From the passage we can infer_______
A. sugar plays a very important role in Americans’ diet
B. kids consume more sugar than adults in America
C. the study on human beings lasted 58 weeks
D. the genetic structure of mice is totally different from that of people
4.What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Living a sweet life
B. Kids consume much more sugar
C. Genetic structure of humans
D. Danger of sugar
My grandmother Adele loved culture and was generous with its gifts. When I was a child, she took me to museums, restaurants, dances. She showered me with gifts from her travels around the world. But I can only remember her giving me one book—a book that, to this day, I have not read. She presented me with her own favorite childhood book: Hans Brinker. My grandmother was happy to share this book with me. She even decorated the title page with her proud writing.
I tried to read it. I adored reading, and would dive into a new pile of books from the library all at once. But something about Hans Brinker just wouldn’t let me in. The story was set in Holland, a long time ago. It felt dull and unfamiliar—even though I was a fan of classics of other times and places. I simply read the first pages over and over. I could not progress.
Standing on a bookshelf in our living room, the book was like something I avoided. It scolded me for not being interested, for not trying hard enough, for disappointing my grandmother.
The book started to fit in, almost forgotten, until Adele asked. Had I read it? Did I like it? Always determined, she wanted to know the answer. I would make some kind of excuse, feel bad, and open it again, hoping for a new reaction. The book weighed on me.
Years passed and finally Adele and I both accepted that I would never read Hans Brinker. Eventually I cleared the book from the shelf. The Hans Brinker experience led me to set a rule that I’ve lived by ever since: Do not ask about a book given as a gift. Don’t ask, despite your desire to discuss it to grow closer. The desire for such connection is what gives book-giving with special meaning—and increases the owner’s possibility to be a letdown.
Guilt is basically the same as for all gifts, though. If the giver doesn’t have the pleasure of seeing or hearing about the gift being enjoyed, and asks whether it is, then the owner—unless she can truthfully say “yes”—either has to admit to not liking the present, or else lie on the spot. Neither is pleasant. So, don’t ask.
1.When the author was a kid, his grandmother ________.
A. took him to travel around the world a lot
B. loved to take him to museums and stores
C. shared her childhood stories with him
D. gave him many gifts
2.What does the author think about the book his grandmother gave him?
A. Boring. B. Interesting.
C. Puzzling. D. Disappointing.
3.The underlined sentence “The book weighed on me” in Paragraph 4 probably means _______.
A. the book is too heavy for the author to carry
B. the author feels stressful facing the book
C. the book is full of powerful viewpoints
D. the author keeps reading the book
4.The author learns from the Hans Brinker’s experience that never________.
A. give others books as gifts
B. lie to people who give you gifts
C. get close to others through gifts
D. talk about the books given as gifts
We’re always looking for well-written reviews of books, music, movies, television shows, websites, video games and other products. When writing a review, concentrate on exactly what you liked or didn’t like. Give examples of strengths and weaknesses, be descriptive and provide background information on an author, director, actor or musician, if possible. Find professional reviews in magazines or newspapers and see how reviewers deal with their topic, but be sure to express your own voice in your review.
Grammar Hint for Reviews: When describing a book, movie, album or anything else, use the present tense.
Book Reviews
Discuss an author’s technique, strengths and weaknesses instead of focusing on the plot. Does the story flow? Is there a strong sense of character and place? Did you stay up until dawn to finish it? Is it good reading for teenagers? What influence did it have on you and why? If you’ve read other books by the same author, discuss how this book compares.
Movie Reviews
Think of the major Oscar categories and consider the performances, music, lighting and setting, etc. Do these work together? Did some hold up while others didn’t? If the movie is based on a book, discuss whether one is better than the other and why. If the movie is a remake, compare the film to its original.
Remember that a well-written movie review should discuss strengths and weaknesses. Some readers may not have seen a movie yet, so don’t give away an exciting scene or the ending!
College Reviews
Begin by providing an overview of the college, including location, size and a description of the campus and/or dorm life. Think about all aspects of your college visit. What academic, athletic and after-class programs are available? What are the students like? What makes the college different from others? Every school has strengths and weaknesses. Be objective. Consider what the school has to offer and who might enjoy or benefit the most from attending there.
1.When writing a review, you ________.
A. cannot refer to any previous review
B. must express your own views and opinions
C. must provide some information about the author
D. needn’t give any examples to support your views
2.Which aspects should be included in all three reviews?
A. Strengths and weaknesses.
B. Plot and character.
C. Programs and scenes.
D. Location and description.
3.Where can you probably find the passage?
A. In a personal diary.
B. In an official report.
C. In a tourist guidebook.
D. In a popular magazine.
书面表达
两位年近六旬的老人不会说英语，也没出过国，为了与女儿团聚，看望刚刚出生的外孙，远赴美国。他们的女丿连写带画地为父母做了一份出行攻略。
请根据以上三幅女儿为父母手绘的出行攻略，用英语写一篇作文。
〖写作内容〗
1.用约30词概述手绘攻略的特占·
2.概述你看了此攻略后的感受（至少两点）；
3.举例说明你能为父母或长辈做些什么（至少两卢）
〖写作要求〗
1.词数150左右。开头部分己写好，不计入词数。
2.作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。
TO make it easier for her parents to get to America, a young woman has drawn three pictures.
