完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Why do young adult children become independent so much later than they did in 1970，when the average age of independent living was 21? Why have reduced class sizes and increased per-pupil expenditures (花销）not _________ higher academic achievement levels? Why is the mental health of today’s kids so poor when _________ with that of children in the 1960s and before? Why do today’s _________ become defensive when told by teachers that their children have misbehaved in school?
The answer is in two words: parental ___________. Those two words best summarize the ____________ between “old” child raising and new, post-1960s parenting. Then, the general philosophy was that parents were not to be ___________ involved with their kids. They were available ________ emergency, but they stood a (an) __________distance from their kids and allowed them to experience the benefits of the trial-and-error process. It was the child’s __________ , back then, to keep his or her parents from getting involved. That was ___________ children learned to be responsible and determined.
Today’s parents help their kids with almost everything. These are parents who are __________ when it comes to an understanding of their purpose in their kids’lives. Their involvement leads them to personalize everything that happens to their kids; ___________, the defensiveness. But given that schools and mental health professionals have been pushing parent involvement for nearly four decades, the confusion and defensiveness are ____________.
University researchers analyzed three decades of data relating to parent participation in children’s academics. Their conclusions ___________ what I’ve been saying since the 1980s: parental help with homework __________ a child’s academic achievement and is not reflected on standardized tests.
Parents who manage a child’s social life interfere with(干预，阻挠) the _________ of good social skills. Parents who manage a child’s after-school activities grow kids who don’t know how to __________ their own free time. Parents who get involved in their kids’ __________ with peers（伙伴） grow kids who don’t know how to avoid much less trouble.
These kids have anxieties and fears of all sorts and don’t want to leave their _________. And their parents, when the time comes, don’t know how to________ being parents. You can imagine what will become of their future.
1.A. touched on B. counted on C. resulted in D. taken in
2.A. associated B. compared C. linked D. matched
3.A. psychologists B. adolescents C. youths D. parents
4.A. involvement B. protection C. assistance D. preference
5.A. similarities B. differences C. choices D. relations
6.A. slightly B. passively C. fairly D. highly
7.A. in view of B. in spite of C. in case of D. in fear of
8.A. safe B. equal C. long D. short
9.A. fault B. turn C. job D. attitude
10.A. when B. why C. how D. what
11.A. amazed B. disappointed C. confused D. satisfied
12.A. thus B. still C. yet D. however
13.A. unreasonable B. understandable C. changeable D. avoidable
14.A. convinced B. confirmed C. realized D. reflected
15.A. lowers B. decides C. helps D. encourages
16.A. appearance B. performance C. development D. establishment
17.A. value B. fill C. devote D. save
18.A. communication B. cooperation C. conflicts D. competitions
19.A. school B. home C. career D. profession
20.A. stop B. ignore C. consider D. Start
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Different cultures
The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. 1._____
The origin of the Eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are developed by rivers—the Yellow River in China and the Indus River in India. 2.________
When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain—the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. 3.________ Like the Chinese culture, the European culture also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn't distinguish from the European culture a lot.
4.________ Take the language system for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race difference counts as well. But what's more, due to the far distance and the steep, areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference(干扰) from the other.
These differences are everywhere. 5.________ But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colourful. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle (障碍) to the civilization of human being. It ought to be the motivation of our going farther.
A．Let us work together to keep a variety of culture.
B．One important thing is to learn about other cultures.
C．And these two are well known as the base of the European culture.
D．At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences.
E．This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole.
F．They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.
G．They are obvious and affect people's ways of thinking and their views of the world.
When most people think of artists, they usually forget the part about the artist being a surveyor of beauty. This is because most people do not realize that there is actually a sort of process when it comes to making art so much so that lots of individuals(个人) cannot understand why true artists take their time when creating brilliant works.
The reason as to why artists take their time when creating their works is because they will first have to look for something beautiful which will inspire them. This is because an artist is someone who appreciates beauty and captures(捕获) the said beauty in a portrait, a song, a novel, and any other forms of artistic medium available to man. Rather than those commercial artists who simply paint a picture because they are paid to do so, a true artist will only work if he or she is inspired. The true artist shall not compromise his or her work because of earth temptations(诱惑) and as such they run the risk of being ridiculed(嘲弄)in exchange for their happiness. History has however shown that the true artist who correctly appreciates beauty is one whose works will end up being celebrated.
How does a true artist spot beauty? The only possible way to go about doing this is to actually look at the world. This means that the true artist is someone who loves to walk around and look at new things. Whatever it may be, the point here is that the artist does take a bit of time out to survey the world and find something beautiful which would inspire him. At times it even happens that the object that inspires the artist is not a thing but rather a person. At the end of the day, it must be said that each artist has his own views of what is beautiful and what is not. The true artist is someone who appreciates beauty.
1.What do we learn from the first paragraph?
A. Most people know little about how artists work.
B. People understand only how true artists work.
C. Most people appreciate the work of artists.
D. People tend to ignore the works of artists.
2.True artists are ridiculed because they .
A. have a strange lifestyle
B. resist earth temptations
C. refuse to live a happy life
D. search for something beautiful
3.What is the author's attitude towards true artist?
A. Doubtful. B. Concerned.
C. Appreciative. D. Disapproving.
4.The main purpose of the passage is to .
A. tell us the result of a survey B. make a comparison
C. make a suggestion D. argue for a point
LEEDS, England--- A Leeds University psychology professor is teaching a course to help dozens of Bristons forgive their enemies.
“The hatred we hold within us is a cancer,” Professor Ken Hart said, adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
More than seventy people have become members in Hart’s first 20-week workshop in London--- a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.
These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves, said Canadian- born Hart.
The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight.
The course, ending in July, is expected to get rid of the cancer of hate in these people. “People have lots of the attitudes towards forgiveness,” he said. “People confuse forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to a positive one.”
Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.
“The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes towards the person you’re angry with,” said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project. Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people “want to get free of the past.”
1.According to the passage if you’re angry with somebody, you should ________.
A. try your best to defeat him or her
B. break off relations with him or her
C. persuade him or her to have a talk with you
D. relax yourself by not thinking of him or her any more
2.Afrer reading the passage we are more aware that ________.
A. high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hatred
B. high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors
C. without hatred people will have less trouble connected with blood and heart
D. people who suffer from blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies
3.If you’re a member of Hart’s workshop, you’ll _______.
A. pay a large amount of money
B. go to the course every night in twenty weeks
C. attend a gathering twice a month
D. pour out everything stored in your mind in the workshop
4.The author wrote this passage in order to _______.
A. persuade people to go to Hart’s course
B. tell us the news about Hart’s workshop
C. tell us how to run a workshop like Hart’s
D. help us to look at various kinds of anger
There have always been a lot of commonly believed but false ideas about being fat and doing exercise. Some people believe that they can't help putting on weight as they get older，while others hold that if they stop exercising，their muscles will turn into fat. Here are some more myths：
I'll never lose weight—I come from a fat family
Wrong！While we can't change the body type we are born with，we can't blame our genes for making us fat. There's plenty of evidence that fatness runs in families，and the main reason is that they share the same habits of eating too much and exercising too little.
I am fat because I burn calories slowly
Wrong！Fatness is not caused by a slow metabolism(新陈代谢). In fact，although fat people consume more energy than slim people，they also fail to realize how much they eat！Keeping a diary can help you work out your daily food intake more accurately.
Exercise is boring
Wrong！Anything will become boring if you do it repetitively. The key is to develop a balanced and varied program that's fun as well as progressive. If you enjoy a Sunday walk，take a different route. If you do yoga，try a tai chi class. If you like swimming，set yourself a distance or time challenge.
No pain，no gain
Wrong！Exercise is not meant to hurt. Indeed，pain is your body telling you something's wrong，and continuing to exercise could lead to serious injury. You may experience mild discomfort as you begin to exercise regularly，but this is your body adapting to the positive changes in your lifestyle and the aches should disappear relatively quickly. If they don't，rest and seek medical advice.
1.What does the author think about being fat?
A. It is the family genes that make people fat.
B. People are fat because they consume too little energy.
C. A diary of exercise can prevent people from becoming fat.
D. It is the consequence of people's unbalanced lifestyle.
2.According to the author，how can we make exercise more interesting?
A. By taking varied exercise.
B. By choosing simple exercise.
C. By doing regular exercise.
D. By sticking to outdoor exercise.
3.What is the author's opinion about “No pain，no gain” in exercising?
A. Keeping fit is essentially a painful experience.
B. Exercise should be stopped if continuous pain is felt.
C. Pain in exercise is a precondition for reaching your goal.
D. Getting used to pain leads to positive changes in your body.
4.What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To declare the importance of keeping fit.
B. To clarify some misconceptions about fatness and exercise.
C. To confirm what has long been believed about keeping fit.
D. To explain some medical facts about being fat and doing exercise.
In today's fast paced，high stress world people are working longer hours than ever，and often exhaust themselves at day's end in front of the television to relax enough to begin again in the morning. However，television watching，for most people，does not really lower stress. Studies show that TV viewing more than an hour or so actually creates stress and，especially in women，may lead to the blues. Most individuals are unaware that doing some exercise after work makes them more energetic since it increases energy levels.
Wise use of free time does not mean getting an advanced degree，although the mental encouragement gained through education is unbeatable in keeping your mind active. Learning new things nearly always adds a spark to your daily life，especially if it is a favorite topic，such as sport，fashion，or art. Also，look through your bookstore or library to find books on your interests. Try to replace a half hour TV watching with reading.
It is reported that in the United States recently，many individuals have as few as two good friends. Long work hours and car commute act to separate people from each other. This separation is deadly. Find ways to meet people at the end of the day and on weekends. Often this can be best done by combining activities，such as by joining a walking group to get both exercise and companionship. Taking a class will lift your spirits and allow you to meet others with similar interests. Hobbies are great for reducing stress and provide another opportunity for social interaction.
Using your free time to aid your health may include these elements and many more，such as going to concerts and spending time with family. Overall，the key is to spend less free time being passive. The best ways to use free time are to be mentally and physically active，spend some time outdoors，and interact with other people on a regular basis.
1.What can we learn from the passage?
A. Watching television may cause women to feel depressed.
B. Finding interests and hobbies in common means taking a class.
C. Going to concerts is the best way to make you mentally active.
D. Getting an advanced degree in education always lights up your life.
2.What does the underlined word “commute” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. The arrangement to work every day.
B. The journey to work every day.
C. The communication between people.
D. The separation between people.
3.Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. Live a Happy and Healthy Life
B. Relax Yourself in Various Ways
C. Spend Your Free Time Wisely
D. Interact With Others Outdoors
