Question

Career success could be predicted as early as kindergarten, according to a 20-year study recently published in the American Journal of Public Health.

Researchers from Pennsylvania State University and Duke University tracked more than 700 children from across the US between kindergarten and age 25 and found a significant correlation（相关性）between their social skills as kindergartners and their success as adults two decades later.

In 1991, teachers assessed how the kindergartners interacted(互动) with each other socially using a range of criteria like whether they cooperate with their peers without prompting（激励）, if they're helpful to others, whether they're good at understanding feelings, and if they can solve problems on their own.

Researchers then kept track of whether the students went on to graduate high school on time, get a college degree, and find and keep a full-time job by 25. They also monitored the participants' involvement with crime, drug abuse, public assistance, and mental health issues.

The results showed that socially competent（有能力的）children were far more likely to earn a college degree and have a full-time job by 25 than those with limited social skills. Those with limited social skills also had a higher chance of getting arrested, binge（放纵）drinking, and applying for public housing.

“This study shows that helping children develop social and emotional skills is one of the most important things we can do to prepare them for a healthy future," said Kristin Schubert, program director at the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, which funded the research, in a release.

“From an early age, these skills can determine whether a child goes to college or prison, and whether they end up employed or addicted." The good news, according to Damon Jones, lead author of the study, is that intervention（干预）at a young age can help improve social and emotional skills. “This research by itself doesn't prove that higher social competence can lead to better outcomes later on," he said. “But when combined with other research, it is clear that helping children develop these skills increases their chances of success in school, work, and life."

1.What has the 20-year study found?

A. Most kindergartners can solve problems alone.

B. Helpful children understand other's feeling better.

C. Outgoing children cooperate with their peers easily.

D. Social skills play a key role in children's development.

2.Paragraph 3 and 4 are mainly about?

A. when the researchers began their study

B. how long it took to complete the study

C. how the researchers conducted the study

D. what factors were studied by the experts

3.What should parents do to help their children to succeed according to Kristin Schubert?

A. Teach them how to cooperate with others.

B．Teach them some basic living skills.

C．Tell them to keep off alcohol

D. Coach them in their lessons.

4.The text makes very good sense to ____________.

A. teenagers             B. educators

C. doctors               D. general readers

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.A

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：文章通过调查论述了从小培养孩子社交和情感能力对将来成长的重要性。

1.D推理判断题。根据第二段Researchers tracked more than 700 children from across the US between kindergarten and age 25 and found a significant correlation（相关性）between their social skills as kindergartners and their success as adults two decades later.可知通过对700个孩子从幼儿园到事业成功20年的跟踪研究，总结出孩子社交能力对发展的重要性，故选D.

2.C推理判断题。第三段讲幼儿园时期对孩子社交能力的具体考察，第四段讲高中、大学、工作阶段对他们社交能力的考查。所以这两段在讲调查的具体实施办法，故选C.

3.A细节推理题。根据倒数第二段“This study shows that helping children develop social and emotional skills is one of the most important things we can do to prepare them for a healthy future," said Kristin Schubert可知Kristin Schubert认为要从小帮助孩子培养社交能力和情感能力，这对孩子的成长非常重要。故选A.

4.推理判断题。文章主要在讲从小培养孩子社交和情感能力对将来成功的重要性，这种发现对教育家非常有意义，故选B.

考点：考查文化教育类短文阅读。

【名师点睛】

推理判断题的解题方法 ：

推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。如文中第28小题根据第二段Researchers tracked more than 700 children from across the US between kindergarten and age 25 and found a significant correlation（相关性）between their social skills as kindergartners and their success as adults two decades later.可知通过对700个孩子从幼儿园到事业成功20年的跟踪研究，总结出孩子社交能力对发展的重要性，故选D.第29小题第三段讲幼儿园时期对孩子社交能力的具体考察，第四段讲高中、大学、工作阶段对他们社交能力的考查。所以这两段在讲调查的具体实施办法，故选C.

任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。第31小题文章主要在讲从小培养孩子社交和情感能力对将来成功的重要性，这种发现对教育家非常有意义，故选B.

推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。