We spend a quarter of our lives asleep. Sleep is necessary for the body to rest, yet our brains continue to process information. Studies have shown that students are more successful when they sleep after studying–instead of pulling all-nighters–because the brain reviews information learned. Similarly, dreaming is an opportunity to work out emotional problems and form thoughts and memories. About 25 percent of the time spent sleeping is spent in rapid eye movement, or REM, sleep. This type of sleep is known for when dreams occur, but it also helps energize the brain and body.
Researchers have found two important factors regarding humans and sleep: basicsleep need and sleep debt. Basic sleep need is the amount of sleep we need to have regularly to perform at our best. Sleep debt is the loss of sleep. A few studies say that most adults function best with a basic sleep need of seven to eight hours a night. The problem is that sleep debt also factors in, just because that you meet your basic sleep needs a few nights of the week doesn’t mean it cancels out the effects of one night’s sleep debt.
Of course, everyone is different and some people require more or less sleep than the standard basic sleep need. But the real problem lies in what lack of sleep does over the long period to people who either does not meet his or her body’s needs or for one reason or another doesn’t get enough regular sleep. It is more possible for these people to have motor vehicle accidents, weight gain and risk for heart disease or diabetes (糖尿病) and may be at increased risk for psychological conditions such as depression or drug abuse. Sleeping too long also can be associated with depression and poor health.
1.Most peoplespent around ______ of the sleeping time in REM sleep?
A. One third of the time
B. More than half of the time
C. One fourth of the time
D. More than 5 hours every day
2.【Which of the following is NOT the result for lack of sleep according to the passage?
A. Car accidents. B. Putting on weight.
C. Heart problems. D. Review learning things.
3.The best title for the passage is ______.
A. Why We Need Sleep
B. REMSleep and Basic Sleep
C. Sleep Causes Problems
D. How Much Sleep We Need
4.Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Students will forget what they have learned if they go to sleep immediately after study.
B. People may have an idea on how to solve an emotional problem if they have a dream.
C. It’s all right to have a night of sleep debt if you fulfill several days of basic sleep need.
D. Sleeping as long as you can is considered to be good for your health and performance.
As a middle school student, you are in an age group that is both fascinating and complex. You are no longer a “baby”, but you are not yet an adult. You are experiencing biological, physical, and behavioral and social changes. Relationships with your friends and family take on new meanings. This time period, called adolescence, can be joyful and painful at the same time. However, it is always a time of growth. You will be dealing with more complex intellectual tasks. You will be expected to behave in a more mature manner and you will be held more responsible for your actions. In other words, you are growing up. Use your curiosity, imagination, energy, and idealism to make your school an exciting place to learn and play.
As an adolescent, you now have more control over how you apply yourself to your school work and on the kinds of friends you make. As an intelligent and thinking adolescent, be aware of health risks to avoid such as involvement with drugs, alcohol, tobacco, and sexual activity. This involvement reduces your quality of life. Be kind and gentle to yourself, seek the advice and wisdom of your parents/guardians regularly, and talk with your teachers and school counselor.
Middle school students are expected to be respectful and considerate of others. You are responsible for your behavior. Think of ways to improve your behavior
△in your classroom
△in the lunchroom
△on school grounds
△during school activities
△on the school bus
△in your community
If you need assistance in working on ways to improve yourself as a person, contact your counselor. The counselor is trained to help students solve personal problems.
1.A middle school student is considered to be a(n) ______.
A. baby B. adolescent C. adult D. wiser
2.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Being a middle school student can be painful and joyful at the same time.
B. Middle school students are expected to behave in a more mature manner.
C. Curiosity and imagination are to be considered part of middle school life.
D. It’s hoped that middle school students will improve their behavior after school.
3.What are middle school students warned of in the passage?
A. Dealing with more complex tasks.
B. Applying themselves to their school work.
C. Involvement with drugs or alcohol.
D. Association with their parents or teachers.
4.What is a school counselor responsible for according to the passage?
A. Management of everything at work.
B. Assisting students with their problems.
C. Control of students’ issues in study.
D. Contact between students and parents.
For over 40 years, Gallup &Stribling has been breeding and growing excellent quality orchids (兰花) at a 48-acre farm on the central California Coast.
Now, through our Visitor Center, we’re making our award winning orchids available to the public at incredibly low, farm-direct prices. When you come to our Visitor Center you’ll see hundreds of beautiful flowering orchids that you can purchase and take home. An expert nurseryman is always on hand to answer questions, help with cultures, and offer growing advice.
At our Visitor Center you’ll find
△Hundreds of varieties of designer quality, flowering or hybrid orchids at low farm-direct prices.
△Beautiful orchids grown at our farm, along with those from top planters around the world.
△A variety of orchid cultures, pots fertilizers, and growing aids.
△Expert advice and detailed growing information to help you grow beautiful orchids.
Gallup and Stribling’s Visitor Center is open daily throughout the year.
Phone 805-684-9842 for more information.
From Santa Barbara: Take Highway 101 South to the Padaro Lane exit in Carpinteria. Turn left, then make a right on Via Real, and go approximately one-half mile to the Visitor Center entrance.
From Los Angeles: Take Highway 101 North to the Padaro Lane exit in Carpinteria. Turn right, then make a right on Via Real, and go approximately one-half mile to the Visitor Center entrance.
1.Which might be close to the real meaning of the underlined word “breeding” in the first paragraph?
A. Raise orchids to get more.
B. Milkorchids to grow up.
C. Plantorchids to refresh room.
D. Adopt orchids to sell for money.
2.Most people come to Gallup &Stribling mainly to ______.
A. learn skills of growing flowers
B. buy high quality flowers
C. make a tour of enjoying flowers
D. visit experts on gardening
3.You can’t find ______ at the Visitor Center of Gallup &Stribling.
A. detailed growing information
B. various orchids at very low prices
C. things to help growing orchids
D. maps to get to Gallup &Stribling
4.People can come to Gallup &Stribling and enjoy orchids ______.
A. only in summer or fall
B. by visiting the Visitor Center
C. taking Highway 110
D. to buy any kind of flowers
On a hot summer’s day Jonathan and his classmates were anxiously sitting in their classroom, waiting for the final bell of the day to sound. Jonathan prayed that the bell would ring soon, because he wanted to quickly run home before the three huge, fat, smelly bullies (地痞) could see him. Every day the three bullies would wait there for an innocent school kid to tease and bully.
The moment the bell sounded, Jonathan rushed out with his bag. He sped off across the school field and out onto the walkway. However, all of his effort was useless because leaning on a fence were the three bullies.
Jonathan thought about crossing the street next to him, but it would be too risky. So he hid behind a small bush in hope that the three would leave. But he moved too quickly and was seen by one of the bullies. They approached him then.
One bully grabbed Jonathan by the collar of his shirt and grabbed the money out of Jonathan’s pocket and put it into his own.
“G-Give it back”, Jonathan weakly said.
“G-G-Give it b-back”, mocked (为了取笑而模仿) the bully. The other two bullies laughed.
Beside them was a small dirty stream.
“Let’s throw him in there”, said one of the bullies.
Then they threw Jonathan into the stream and walked off down the walkway. Jonathan shakily picked himself up out of the creek and continued his walk home with his head down and tears in his eyes. He dared not cry because he knew boys didn’t cry.
Jonathan arrived at his house where his mother was waiting outside the front door with an angry look on her face.
“Why are you so late and dirty?” she asked curiously.
“I slipped”, he quietly replied.
1.Why did Jonathan run home immediately after school?
A. Because his mother was strict with him.
B. Because he was afraid of his mother.
C. Because he had to escape being bullied
D. Because he didn’t like to go to school.
2.How did the bullies find Jonathan?
A. They ran after him till they caught up with him.
B. They waited on Jonathan’s way home by chance.
C. One of the bullies noticed Jonathan hiding himself.
D. Jonathan was given away by one of his classmates.
3.Jonathan didn’t tell the truth to his mother because ______.
A. he felt ashamed after being bullied
B. he wanted to be considered a boy
C. he didn’t dare to tell it to his mother
D. he was not allowed to play in the creek
4.The story is about ______.
A. trouble during a boy’s growing up
B. development of a boy’s heart
C. the way of a boy’s going home
D. a boy’s learning from life
书面表达
假设你的英文名为Jack，是英国诺丁汉大学的中国留学生。你负责为在该校就读的32名中国学生筹划圣诞节期间的苏格兰之行，为期7天，请你给诺丁汉的STA（Students’ Travel Agency）经理Phil发一封电子邮件，联系有关事宜。要点如下：
（1）希望能够派车接送；
（2）需要一名说标准英语，并非常熟悉苏格兰的导游；
（3）请求告知旅行日程及就餐、旅馆、费用等情况；
（4）你的联系方式：电子邮箱地址：Jackwang@yahoo.com.cn 或电话号码07747745007
注意：（1）词数：100词左右；
（2）开头和结尾已为你写出，不计入总词数；
（3）参考词汇：诺丁汉大学 Nottingham University 旅馆住accommodation；
旅行日程安排itinerary ( n.)； 长途客车coach
Hi, Phil,
I’d like you to organize a trip to Scotland for us.
Yours Truly,
Jack
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词：
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My cousin Cherry is a typist which has always wanted to go on a time travel holiday. In order to have a look at the life in one thousand years, she decide to design her own time tour last year. She wanted to take a space capsule to AD 3050. The representative from the time travel company gave her a impression that the space capsule was easy to handle. He told her about its efficient and safety. This increased her motivation to take the DIY (Do It Yourself) time tour. However, his trip was not as successful she had expected. It took her quite a long time to adjust to press down the handle to move forward. Fortunately, with the help of the steward, she was back on her foot quickly. In no time she began to enjoy the exciting life there. Though exhausting, she couldn’t fall sleepy in bed.
