Question

Orcas, or killer whales, are the largest of the dolphins and one of the world’s most powerful animals feeding on meat. They feast on marine mammals such as seals, sea lions, and even whales, employing teeth that can be four inches (ten centimeters) long. They are known to grab seals right off the ice. They also eat fish, squid (鱿鱼), and seabirds.

Though they often frequent cold, coastal waters, orcas can be found from the polar regions to the Equator (赤道).

Killer whales hunt in deadly groups, family groups of up to 40 individuals. There appear to be both permanent and temporary group populations of killer whales. These different groups may hunt different animals and use different techniques to catch them. Permanent groups tend to prefer fish, while temporary groups target marine mammals. All groups use effective, cooperative hunting techniques that some are similar to the behavior of wolf packs.

Whales make a wide variety of communicative sounds, and each group has various noises that its members will recognize even at a distance. They use echolocation (回波定位) to communicate and hunt, making sounds that travel underwater until they meet objects, then reflect back, showing their location, size, and shape.

Killer whales are protective of their young, and other adolescent females often assist the mother in caring for them. Mothers give birth every three to ten years, after a 17-month pregnancy.

Killer whales are immediately recognizable by their special black-and-white coloring and are the intelligent, trainable stars of many aquarium shows. Killer whales have never been widely hunted by humans.

1. Killer Whales do not feed on ______.

A. seabirds    B. seals     C. fishes    D. seaweeds

2.【The following aspects about killers whales are mentioned except ______.

A. hunting    B. communication   C. weight    D. habitats

3.We can conclude that ______.

A. people can find killer whales everywhere around the world

B. killer whales live in different groups and never live alone

C. by making sounds killer whales hunt and communicate

D. humans’ hunt has made killer whales being endangered

4.Killer Whale are often seen in some aquarium shows because ______.

A. they are able to be trained

B. they have special body colors

C. they must be protected

D. they have never been hunted

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.C

4.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文介绍killer whales的生活习性，关于他们如何交流，如何捕猎等情况。

1.D细节理解题。根据第一段二、三、四句They feast on marine mammals such as seals, sea lions, and even whales, employing teeth that can be four inches (ten centimeters) long. They are known to grab seals right off the ice. They also eat fish, squid (鱿鱼), and seabirds.可知Killer Whales靠吃海洋哺乳动物、海豹和海鸟等生存。可知他们不吃海藻。故选D。，

2.C细节理解题。根据第四段第二句They use echolocation (回波定位) to communicate and hunt, 他们用回波定位来交流和打猎。再根据第二段Though they often frequent cold, coastal waters, orcas can be found from the polar regions to the Equator (赤道).尽管他们经常出入冷的沿海水域；逆戟鲸在赤道极地区能被发现。根据上文可知文章关于killers whales提到了他们的交流、打猎和栖息地，没有谈到他们的重量，故选C。

3.C推理判断题。根据第四段第二句They use echolocation (回波定位) to communicate and hunt, making sounds that travel underwater until they meet objects, then reflect back, showing their location, size, and shape.他们用回波定位来交流和打猎，通过在水下发出声音直到遇到目标，然后反射回去，展示出他们的位置、打下和形状。故选C。

4.Killer whales在很多水族馆的表演，他们是既聪明又可以训练的明星。故选A。

【名师点睛】

1、直接信息题

对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。第37小题D细节理解题。根据第一段二、三、四句They feast on marine mammals such as seals, sea lions, and even whales, employing teeth that can be four inches (ten centimeters) long. They are known to grab seals right off the ice. They also eat fish, squid (鱿鱼), and seabirds.可知Killer Whales靠吃海洋哺乳动物、海豹和海鸟等生存。可知他们不吃海藻。故选D。

2、间接信息题

做这类题目时，考生需要对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别，这是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型，对考生来说有一定难度。第40小题A细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Killer whales are immediately recognizable by their special black-and-white coloring and are the intelligent, trainable stars of many aquarium shows. Killer whales在很多水族馆的表演，他们是既聪明又可以训练的明星。故选A。

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