Question

单句翻译

1.建筑师应该保证有轮椅的足够通道。 (access)

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2.他的雄心壮志是成为第一个登上火星的中国宇航员。(to do 作表语和定语; 火星：Mars)

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3.令他妈妈满意的是，他很快适应了新学校。

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4.他到达电影院，却被告知票已经卖完了。（to do 做状语）

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5.直到他打电话，我才意识到我把毕业证书落在他办公室了。(强调句)

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6. 我被吓得要死，这令他很开心。（定语从句）

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7.我羡慕他家的房子，房子的建造花费了100万美元。（定语从句）

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8.在被狗咬了几次以后，那个邮递员再也不给我家送信了。(分词做状语)

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9.他很害怕被老师批评。（动名词作宾语）

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10.被妈妈责备使他很沮丧。（动名词作主语）

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Answer

1.Architects should guarantee adequate/enough access for wheelchairs.

2.His ambition is to become the first Chinese astronaut to land on (the) Mars.

3.To his mother’s satisfaction, he soon adapted (himself) to the new school.

It made his mother satisfied that he soon adapted (himself) to the new school.

4.He arrived at the cinema, only to be told that the tickets (were) sold out.

5.It was not until/when he rang me up that I realized that I had left my graduation certificate at his office.

6.I envy his house, whose construction costs a million dollars.

7.I envy his house, whose construction costs a million dollars.

I envy his house, the construction of which costs a million dollars.

8.Having been bitten several times by the dog, the postman never delivered a letter to us/our door (house).

9.He is/was afraid of being criticized by his teacher.

10.Being blamed by his mother makes/made him upset/frustrated/sad.

【解析】

试题分析：根据所给汉语和要求完成句子。

1.Architects should guarantee adequate/enough access for wheelchairs. 根据所给汉语和access，可知英文是：Architects should guarantee adequate/enough access for wheelchairs.

2.His ambition is to become the first Chinese astronaut to land on (the) Mars. 此句用动词不定式做表语和定语，可知英文是：His ambition is to become the first Chinese astronaut to land on (the) Mars.

3.To his mother’s satisfaction, he soon adapted (himself) to the new school./It made his mother satisfied that he soon adapted (himself) to the new school. to one’s satisfaction使某人满意的是；也可用it做形式主语，主语从句做真正的主语。可知英文是：To his mother’s satisfaction, he soon adapted (himself) to the new school./It made his mother satisfied that he soon adapted (himself) to the new school.

4.He arrived at the cinema, only to be told that the tickets (were) sold out. 动词不定式做结果状语，可知英文是：He arrived at the cinema, only to be told that the tickets (were) sold out.

5.It was not until/when he rang me up that I reali zed that I had left my graduation certificate at his office. 此句考查的是not---until---的强调句式，可知答案是：It was not until/when he rang me up that I realized that I had left my graduation certificate at his office.

6.I was scared to death, which made him happy/amused.此句考查非限制性定语从句，可知答案是：I was scared to death, which made him happy/amused.

7.I envy his house, whose construction costs a million dollars./ I envy his house, the construction of which costs a million dollars. 此句考查的是whose引导的定语从句，可知答案是：I envy his house, whose construction costs a million dollars.

8.Having been bitten several times by the dog, the postman never delivered a letter to us/our door (house). 此句考查现在分词完成式的被动式做原因状语，可知答案是：Having been bitten several times by the dog, the postman never delivered a letter to us/our door (house).

9.He is/was afraid of being criticized by his teacher. 此句考查动名词一般式的被动式作宾语，He is/was afraid of being criticized by his teacher.

10.此句考查动名词一般式的被动式做主语，可知答案是：Being blamed by his mother makes/made him upset/frustrated/sad.

【学法指导】

强调句型的用法

在英语中，我们常用It is/was… who/that结构来突出强调句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主语，宾语或状语)。在这个句型中，it没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用who或that来连接都可以。如果是其它成分，则一律用that来连接。It is my mother who/that cooks every day.是我的妈妈每天做饭；It was yesterday that Tom passed in the maths exam.是昨天汤姆通过了数学考试。

1.即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语，原因状语等，也不能用when，where, because，要用 that.

It was because of the heavy rain that he came late.是因为大雨他迟到了。

2.被强调部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who。lt was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking about.

3.区分时间状语从句和强调句型。如果去掉it is/was ...that句子仍然通顺成立，则为强调句型，不成立不通顺，则为时间状语从句。

It was at six that I reached there.我是六点钟到达那儿的。（强调句型）

It was six when I reached there.当我到达那儿的时候，是六点钟。（时间状语从句）

考点：考查单句翻译