阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
New research shows that kids from low-income families may be falling behind their peers because an important part of their brains is underdeveloped.
Researchers from MIT’ s McGovern Institute for Brain Research compared the brains of 12-and 13-year-olds from rich families with the brains of their peers from lower-income families. They found that one particular area of the brain—the neocortex(新皮质),which plays a key role in memory and learning ability—is thinner in children from lower-income households.
This is a crucial part of the brain for young students, who are often tested based on their ability to recall large chunks of information. Children who had a thinner neocortex performed poorly on standardized tests,researchers found.More than 90% of high-income students scored above average on a statewide math and English/Language Arts standardized test,compared with less than 60% of low-income students.Differences in cortical(脑皮层) thickness could account for almost half of the income-achievement gap in this sample,researchers wrote.
“Just as you would expect, there’ s a real cost not living in a supportive environment. We can see it not only in test scores,in educational attainment,but within the brains of these children,”says psychological scientist John Gabrieli,a professor of brain and cognitive sciences at MIT and one of the study’s authors.
Since a 2011 study published by Stanford University professor Sean Reardon found that the gap between standardized test scores of high-income and low-income students has grown by about 40% since the 1960s,there’ s been a lot of research aimed at finding links between income and achievement, rather than race alone. The MIT study found low-income children were equally likely to have a thinner neocortex,no matter their races.
Gabrieli and his co-authors can’ t say exactly why poor children’ s brains develop differently because there are too many possibilities to count.Their findings do,however,underline the importance of early intervention(干预) to ensure that low-income kids get the tools they need to succeed.
1.What’ s the function of the first paragraph?
A. To list some findings.
B. To give some advice.
C. To do some comparisons.
D. To show the main idea of the text.
2.What does the underlined word “crucial” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Special. B. Important.
C. Separate. D. Unknown.
3.What John Gabrieli says in Paragraph 4 mainly shows the importance of .
A. cognitive ability
B. educational attainment
C. having developed brains
D. living in supportive surroundings
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.Wealthy parents do better in raising children.
B.Differences exist between poor children and rich ones.
C.Poor children study harder due to their financial conditions.
D.Poor children have thinner neocortex than their wealthy peers.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
•AmericanMalinois(玛伦牧羊犬)
We have extra large,strong and healthy puppies born on May 29,2014 and raised on 2.5 acres fenced in Williston Highlands by American Malinois Foundation.
They are not caged or home-raised Malinois.They have taken swimming training and full exercise routine with their parents to make sure they know how to guard themselves and other things this breed can do.I work specifically on the ones which have service dog qualities.
My ideal buyer would be a disabled person in need of a mobile or medical alert service dog.The American Malinois is a working dog and is most content to bond with one person and only follow this person’ s orders.Potential owners should be familiar or experienced with this breed.
My fee represents the cost of feeding,grooming,boarding,training,medical and registration with the CKC(Continental Kennel Club).Puppies will have health certificates from vets.
To see videos of the puppies and their parents, go to YouTube and search: American Malinois Foundation.
•MiniSchnauzers(雪纳瑞犬)
We have 4 males and 4 females.Our puppies come with a health guarantee.They are trained and all of them have great personalities and would be a great addition to any home.These puppies are for pets only.To keep our bloodlines pure, we do not allow our puppies to be bred. We have been breeding for over 13 years and we only breed Mini Schnauzers. They are the best dogs. They are very smart. We will not ship our puppies. We have had people drive over 1500 miles to purchase our babies.
1..From Paragraph 3,we can infer that the American Malinois is .
A.lonely B.active
C.experienced D.loyal
2.Which of the following can be used to describe Mini Schnauzers?
A.Socialized and cute. B.Clever and brave.
C.Healthy and clever. D.Professional and strong.
3.What is the author’ s purpose in writing this passage?
A.To show two kinds of dogs he loves.
B.To advertise two kinds of dogs on sale.
C.To show that dogs are our best friends.
D.To prove that dogs are well-trained.
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Sarah 打算暑期来北京旅游，来信询问改建后前门大街的情况。请你写封回信，简单介绍以下内容：
简况：长800余米、600多年历史、300余家商铺；
位置：天安门广场南面；
交通：公共汽车17、69、59等路，地铁2号线；
特色：步行街、当当车、茶馆、剧院等。
参考词汇：步行街 pedestrian street
当当车 trolley car
地铁 subway
注意：
词数100左右；
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
开头语已为你写好，请将完整的回信书写在答题卡上。
Dear Sarah,
Thank you for your letter asking about the rebuilt Qianmen street. Here is something about it.
Thank you !
Yours sincerely,
Li hua
假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下日记。日记中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处错误。
One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent. It was very crowded. Tony saw a toy on a shop window. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. Tony was scared and begun to cry. A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop. Five minutes later, Tony saw parents. Mom said, “How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.” Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
语法填空
A couple had been married for over 60 years. They shared everything, talked about everything, and kept no secrets1.each other except that the woman had a box in a drawer2.she had cautioned her husband never to open or ask her about.
He’d never thought about it ever since. One day3.woman got very sick and the doctor said she wouldn’t recover. To sort out their affairs, the husband took down the box and4.(bring) it to his wife’s beside. She agreed it was time that he should know5.was in the box.
6.(open) it, he found two small table mats(垫子) and a sum of money totaling $ 25,000.He asked her about the contents. “When we were to be married,” she said, “my grandma told me the secret of happy7.(marry) was never to argue, and I should just keep quiet and make a mat8.I got angry with you.”
The man was so9.(move) that he had to fight back tears. She had only been angry with him twice in all those years of living and loving! “Honey” he said, “that explains the mats, but what about the money? Where did it come from?”
“Oh,” she said, “that’s the money I made from selling10..”
翻译句子
1.That noise ________ can cause hearing loss is ________.
接触噪音所引起的听力失聪是不可否认的。
2.But _________ hearing loss is ________ .
但是噪音导致的失聪是可以预防的。
3.Adults aged 55 and over are ________ ________ to have a mobile phone for use in
an Emergency.
年龄在55岁以上的成人最有可能是在紧急情况下才使用手机。
4.In 2005, 94 per cent of adults aged from 16 to 24 had sent a text message________
________ 17 per cent of those aged 65and over.
2005年，16岁到24岁的成人中有94% 的人发送短信，与之相比，65岁以上的成人中有17%发送短信。
5.This may be an example of heritage protection going ______ _____ .
这可能是遗产保护做得过分的一个例子。
