完形填空
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was eighteen, I couldn’t wait to get my first job, which meant I made the first step toward adulthood.
But it was difficult to get a work permit. One day I was dropped off by my parents at the , where applicants took their physical tests for work permits. Although I had night blindness, my vision was clearer during the day, which helped me walk by myself. Then the doctor began the . He looked into my eyes with a bright light. “I suggest your parents take you to an eye specialist,” he said, “I you have a retinal (视网膜) disease. If you do, you’ll never a day in your life…”
My parents did take me to specialists. After much time and money spent seeking an result, it was determined that I had an eye disease that slowly a person of sight. But still, during daylight, I could walk without . I could read, but not for hours. My eyes began to and words slipped off the page when I read more than a few pages. However, no matter how tired my eyes became, I never gave up reading. I knew the of great writers as well as the most popular music stars. Their words were powerful, which me to try writing. Soon writing brought me a lot of each time I completed a paper.
Then an important phone call from an editor changed my life. An article I appeared in a local newspaper. The newspaper, to my , continued to print my work. Next, a book series published several of my essays. I got interested in writing and up with each acceptance. On the pages, readers never knew of my blindness I chose to present it. For me, finding my voice through writing gave me the pride and satisfaction I so many years ago. Now, I have numerous essays and articles in .
Should I be thanking that misguided doctor? By falsely predicting that I could never work a day, he fueled my into success. He set the bar too and focused on what I wouldn’t be able to do. Yet I proved what I could do.
1.A. station B. clinic C. lab D. company
2.A. silently B. suddenly C. easily D. proudly
3.A. examination B. treatment C. operation D. argument
4.A. advocate B. acknowledge C. confirm D. suspect
5.A. rest B. sleep C. work D. live
6.A. accurate B. urgent C. obvious D. ordinary
7.A. warns B. reminds C. robs D. informs
8.A. medicine B. assistance C. allowance D. balance
9.A. shine B. tear C. widen D. dance
10.A. houses B. addresses C. habits D. names
11.A. asked B. encouraged C. forced D. permitted
12.A. stress B. worry C. trouble D. pleasure
13.A. admitted B. wanted C. penned D. described
14.A. shame B. admiration C. disappointment D. delight
15.A. lit B. came C. gave D. put
16.A. although B. after C. unless D. since
17.A. sought B. feared C. brought D. rejected
18.A. mind B. use C. print D. time
19.A. motivation B. personality C. imagination D. responsibility
20.A. far B. low C. long D. close
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It’s natural to greet friends with a smile and a wave. 1. But what happens if your face and body send mixed messages? Would someone be more likely to believe the look on your face or the way you hold your body?
Scientists have recently tackled these questions. They found that when a person is looking at your face, she might not believe what she sees if your body language doesn’t match the feeling that your face shows.
2. Previously, they had found that the tone of a person’s voice can be more important than the words that are spoken. For example, most people tend not to believe a person who says in a flat voice, “I’m so excited.”
When it came to emotions conveyed by facial expressions and body language, most scientists suspected that the face was more important. To test if this was true, psychologists from the Netherlands and Boston showed people a number of pictures of isolated(孤立的)faces and isolated bodies (with faces blurred out(模糊的)) that showed anger or fear. 3.___
An angry face had low eyebrows and tight lips. A scared face had high eyebrow and a slightly open mouth. 4. A scared body had arms forward and shoulders square, as if ready to defend.
These results told the researchers that mixed signals can confuse people. Even when people pay attention to the face, body language subtly(微妙地) influences which emotion they read.
5. If you want to be understood, it helps to avoid sending mixed messages.
A. Studying such mixed messages is nothing new for scientists.
B. Scientists feel new to study the mixed message that confuses people.
C. So, your body language is important for telling people how you feel.
D. When you do this, your face and body work together to show your friends that you’re happy to see them.
E. An angry body had arms back and shoulders at an angle, as if ready to fight.
F. They also showed pictures in which angry or scared faces were paired with angry or scared bodies
G. Body language can sometimes be misunderstood in different culture backgrounds.
Phrases like “tiger mom” and ‘‘helicopter parent” have made their way into everyday language. Many of us find ourselves drawn to the idea that with just a bit more parental hard work and effort, we might turn out children with bright futures. But is there anything wrong with a kind of “overparenting style”?
Parental involvement has a long history of being studied. Many of the studies, conducted by Diana Baumrind, a famous psychologist at the University of California, Berkeley, have found that a good parent is the one who is involved and reacts to her child in a positive way, who sets high expectations but gives her child independence. These “authoritative parents” appear to hit the sweet spot of parental involvement and generally raise children who do better academically, psychologically and socially than children whose parents are not strict and less involved, or controlling and more involved. Why is this parenting style so successful?
Authoritative parents actually help improve motivation in their children. Carol Dweck, a social psychologist at Stanford University, has done research that indicates why authoritative parents raise more motivated children. In a typical experiment, Dr. Dweck takes young children into a room and asks them to solve a simple puzzle. Most do so with little difficulty. But then Dr. Dweck tells some, but not all, of the kids how clever they are. As it turns out, the children who are not told they’re smart are more motivated to solve increasingly difficult puzzles. They also show higher levels of confidence and show greater progress in puzzle-solving.
As the experiment suggests, praising children’s talents and abilities seems to shake their confidence. Dealing with more difficult puzzles carries the risk of losing one’s status as “smart”. Dr. Dweck’s work strongly supports that of Dr. Baumrind, who also found that reasonably supporting a child’s independence and limiting interference (干涉) causes better academic and emotional results.
The central task of growing up is to develop a sense of self that is independent and confident. If you treat your young child who is just learning to walk as if she can’t walk, you reduce her confidence. Allowing children to make mistakes is one of the greatest challenges of parenting. It is easier when they are young. The potential mistakes carry greater risks, and part of being a parent is reducing risk for our children.
1.According to the passage, a “tiger mom” ______.
A. helps her children realize their dreams
B. speaks her children’s everyday language
C. pays close attention to her children’s experiences
D. places reasonable expectations on her children
2.It is implied that controlling style of parenting may _____.
A. foster independence in children
B. lead to children’s academic success
C. face more challenges of children
D. cause more problems in children
3.The example of the children doing the puzzles suggests that ______.
A. overpraising makes children less motivated and confident
B. a good game plays a big role in training young minds
C. puzzle-solving can give children the motivation they need
D. bright children usually show less confidence in difficult games
4.The last paragraph tells us that ______.
A. children should correct mistakes with the help of their parents
B. parents should allow their children to learn from mistakes
C. parents should not increase the risk of challenging
D. children should not be given much freedom
The pickle jar（泡菜坛）, as I can remember, sat beside the dresser in my parents’ bedroom. When ready for bed, Dad would toss any coins in his pockets into the jar. As they dropped, they landed with a merry jingle.
Whenever the jar was full, Dad would roll up the coins. Every time he slid the box of rolled coins across the counter at the bank toward the cashier, he would smile proudly and say,“All for my son’s college.”
We would always celebrate each deposit by stopping for an ice cream cone. Dad would show me the coins in his change, saying “When we get home, we’ll start filling the jar again.” He always let me drop the first coins into the empty jar. “You might have to get to college on loose change,” he said. “But you’ll get there.”
As years passed, I went to college, got married and took a job.
Once, while visiting my parents, I noticed the jar was gone. It had served its purpose. My dad was a man of few words and never lectured me on the values of determination, perseverance or faith. The jar had taught me those far better than the most flowery of words could have done.
Soon, my daughter Jessica was born. We spent Christmas that year with my parents. After dinner, Mom and Dad sat next to each other, taking turns holding their first grandchild. When Jessica began crying, my wife Susan took her from Dad’s arms to put her in my parents’ room.
Susan came back, tears in her eyes and led me into the room. “Look,” she said softly. To my amazement, there, next to the dresser, stood the old pickle jar, as if never removed, the bottom already covered with coins. I walked over to it, dug down into my pocket, and pulled out several coins. Choked by emotion, I dropped them into the jar.
Dad had slipped quietly into the room when I looked up. Our eyes locked, but neither of us spoke, because we knew nothing had to be said.
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The author and his wife were grateful for what parents had done.
B. The jar again in the bedroom reminded themselves of the hard years.
C. The author felt disappointed when he found the jar gone.
D. The author felt embarrassed whenever his father mentioned the jar.
2.We can learn from the passage that .
A. any difficulty can be overcome with the family’s support.
B. parents teach much more through their action than their words.
C. saving is always a good habit to pass down to the next generation.
D. you need to reward yourself and celebrate regularly to keep up with your faith.
3.Which words best describe the author’s father?
A. Humorous and patient. B. Quiet but loving.
C. Generous and talkative. D. Proud but strict.
4.The pickle jar in the article represents .
A. advice of parents.
B. one’s purpose in life.
C. determination to reach a goal.
D. healthy family relations.
Elephants have impressed us for centuries. They are big, clever, and sociable. But what if someone told you that they may also hold the key to fighting cancer?
People have been wondering why elephants do not develop cancer, even though they have life spans（寿命）that are similar to humans, living for around 50 to 70 years.
Now scientists believe they know why. A team at the University of Chicago, Us has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors（肿瘤）from developing. To be precise, they found 20 copies of an anti-tumor gene called TP 53 in elephants. Most other species, humans included, only carry one copy.
According to the research, which was recently published on the online science network BioRxiv, the extra copies of the gene improved the animal’s sensitivity to DNA damage. This lets the cells（细胞）quickly kill themselves when damaged before they can form deadly tumors.
“An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals,” study author Dr Vincent Lynch told The Guardian. If every living cell has the same chance of becoming cancerous, large creatures with long life spans like whales and elephants should have a greater risk of developing cancer than humans and mice do. But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass.
This phenomenon was found by Oxford University scientist Richard Peto in the 1970s and later named “Peto’s paradox”. Evolutionary biologists believe it results from larger animals using protection that many smaller do not, In the elephant’s case, the making of TP53 is nature’s way of keeping this species alive.
The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance as elephants. This means researchers could use the discovery to develop new treatments that can help stop cancers from spreading or even developing in the first place.
“Nature has already figured out how to prevent cancer,” said Joshua Schiffman, an oncologist at the School of Medicine, University of Utah, US.
“It’s up to us to learn how different animals tackle（对付）the problem so we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people.”
1.Why are elephants unlikely to develop cancer?
A. They have a large body size
B. They carry many genes that keep tumors from developing
C. Certain genes in their body kill existing tumors
D. Their genes suffer no DNA damage
2.According to Dr. Vincent Lynch, what has been a risk in the evolution of large animals?
A. Extreme weather B. Cells killing themselves
C. Human behavior D. A risk of deadly tumors
3.What does the underlined expression “this phenomenon” on the sixth paragraph refer to?
A. The risk of cancer is not related to body size
B. Larger animals have protection from TP53
C. Larger animals suffer the same risk of cancer as smaller ones do
D. The larger animals are, the bigger risk of cancer they have
4.We can conclude from the last three paragraphs that .
A. depending on nature is not enough to fight against cancer
B. the TP53 genes have proven useful in stopping cancer in mice
C. this new treatment is more effective than the present ones
D. humans are expected to stop cancer in the near future
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Giraffes Can’t Dance
by Giles Andreae
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2004, Paperback
ISBN:9780439539470
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Laugh-Out-Loud Jokes for Kids
By Rob Elliott
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2010, Paperback
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Love You Forever
by Robert Munsch
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1.The “Tell-a-Friend” program encourages people to .
A. take pleasure in reading with their friends
B. help a friend form the habit of reading
C. share the website with others
D. read more but spend less
2.Who wrote the story about animals?
A. Rob Elliott B. Giles Andreae
C. Dale Carnegie D. Robert Munsch
3.Which book has a different kind of paper cover from the others?
A. How to Win Friends& Influence People
B. Laugh-Out-Loud Jokes for Kids.
C. Giraffes Can’t Dance
D. Love You Forever
