Question

In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business. But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his yard. That was the first photograph.

The next important date in the history of photography was 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his studio. He used a new kind of camera and a different process. In his pictures, you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest details. This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.

Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s process. Travelers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world. People photographed famous buildings, cities and mountains.

In about 1840, the process was improved. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. The process was not simple. The photographers had to carry lots of films and processing equipment. But this did not stop the photographers, especially in the United States. After the 1840s , daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.

Mathew Brady was a well-known American photographer. He took many pictures of famous people. The pictures were unusual because they were very life-like and full of personality.

Brady was also the first person to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible.

In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography. Photographers could buy films readymade in rolls. So they did not have to make the film themselves. Also, they did not have to process the film immediately. They could bring it back to their studios and develop it later meaning that they did not have to carry lots of equipment. And finally, the invention of the small handheld camera made photography less expensive.

With the small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends and favorite places. They called these pictures “snapshot”.

Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawing.

Photography also turned into a form of art by the end of the 10th century. Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.

1.The passage is mainly about _____.

A. the invention of cameras

B. how to develop films

C. the development of photography

D. the important dates in the history of photography

2.The first pictures of a war were taken by _____.

A. a French photographer in the 1840s

B. an American photographer in the 1860s

C. a German reporter in the 1880s

D. a French artist in the 1890s

3.Photography can also be an art form because artists can _____.

A. take anything they like

B. keep a record of real life

C. take photos of the famous

D. show ideas and feeling in pictures

4.According to the passage, which of the followings shows the correct order?

a. Photographs became popular in newspapers.

b. Photographers carried processing equipment while taking pictures.

c. The invention of small handheld cameras made photography easier.

d. Daguerre invented a kind of photograph called daguerreotype.

e. Brady took pictures of famous people.

A. e, a, d, b, c  B. d, b, e, c, a

C. b, e, c, a, d  D. d, c, e, a, b

Answer

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了摄影术的发展历史，其中重点介绍了每个历史阶段的重要人物。

21.1.B细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Mathew Brady was a well-known American photographer. Mathew Brady是一位著名的美国摄影师。根据第六段第一、二句Brady was also the first person to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. Brady也是第一个拍摄战争照片的人。他的1862年的内战照片展示了死亡的士兵和毁掉的城市，故选B。

2.D细节理解题。根据最后一段中Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.一些照片不仅是一些现实世界的再现，他们像其他艺术形式一样展示自己的想法和感情。故选D。

3.B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.这种照片被称作银版照片；根据第四段中The photographers had to carry lots of films and processing equipment.摄影师必须携带许多胶卷和加工设备；根据第五段第二句He took many pictures of famous people.他给很多著名的人拍照；根据倒数第四段最后一句finally, the invention of the small handheld camera made photography less expensive. 最后，手持型照相机的发明使拍照比较便宜；根据倒数第二段第一句Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s.十九世纪九十年代在报纸上照片变得非常受欢迎。根据发展顺序可知B项符合题意。

【名师点评】

本文中长句较多，一时很难读懂句子含义，注意多读几遍，不要强求非得理解一词一句的含义，能把握文章大意就行。然后带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。

考点：关于摄影术发展的记叙文