Question

If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe(衣柜) packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.

Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; necklines are lowered or raised, and so on.

No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability(耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.

When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.

1.To the writer, the fact that women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as______.

A. a waste of money          B. a waste of time

C. an expression of taste    D. an expression of creativity

2.The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the _______ of clothing.

A. cost         B. appearance

C. comfort       D. suitability

3.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.

B. The constant changes in women's clothing reflect their strength of character.

C. The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.

D. Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.

4.By saying "the conclusions to be drawn are obvious" the writer means that ______.

A. women's inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at

B. women are better able to put up with discomfort

C. men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers

D. men are more stable and reliable in character

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.D

【解析】

试题分析：本文属于说明文，介绍了时装设计师通过不断改变服装的流行潮流剥削女性消费者，男性的性格更加稳定不容易受到影响，所以男性的服装变化很少。

1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have.可知作者认为这些人改这些衣服是在浪费时间。故B项正确。

2.C 推理判断题。根据第三段二、三句Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability(耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right.可知现在的设计师只关注服装的外表，完全不在乎服装是否暖和，舒适和耐用。如果设计师在设计衣服的时候，更注意舒适程度，作者可能就不会那么严厉地批评。故C项正确。

3.A 推理判断题。根据文章前两句If women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores.可知女性被设计师无情地剥削，这是因为设计师出于挣钱目的不断的改变流行潮流，让女性不断地购买符合新潮流的服装。说明新的服装潮流就是为了从经济上剥削女性而设计的。故A正确。

4.D 句意理解题。根据文章倒数第三句Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.可知男性非常聪明，设计师无法通过改变服饰潮流来欺骗他们。这是因为男性不像女性那样容易受到影响，性格更稳定。故D正确。

【名师点睛】

最近几年的高考中，推理判断题考查的越来越多，逐渐超过细节题成为高考中最重要的题型之一。在推理时，我们留意使用 “最近原则” ，注意以下几点：

①标志：learn, infer, imply, inform

②看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。

③依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。先不要进行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选项必然是正确答案。推理题不是考察我们的想象力，它实际是考察我们原文中的某几个点如一个、两个点所涉及的问题我们读透了没有。因此，不推的比推的好；推的近的比推的远的要好。

④推理题的最近答案原则：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好。(原文的某句话变个说法)

注意：做题时不能想得太多，推得过远。是否把原文读懂才是关键。

考点：考查说明文阅读