Question

  In ancient Greece, there were four major athletic meetings and the Olympian meeting played the most important part in the lives of the people. As time passed，the Olympian meeting gradually lost its local character and became first a national event and then international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go but some official records date from 776 BC.

The Games took place every four years on the plain by Mount Olympus. Thousands of people came from all parts of the Greek world to watch the games. The winner of the foot race had the great honour of giving his name to the year of his history.

After a long history of almost 1, 200 years, the Games were stopped for religious(宗教的) reasons. It was then decided in 1896 to start the Olympic Games again. The meeting was held in Athens and 311 athletes from 13 countries took part in it but the idea of such an international meeting attracted the world's attention. After the 1908 London Olympics, many nations sent their best athletes. Although the Games have been time and again threatened by some unfavourable political events, the Games have taken place every four years.

Nowadays, the Games are held in different countries in turn. As the biggest international gathering of any kind in the world, athletes from different countries play games together and this provides them with good chances to learn to live together. The friendly feelings in the Olympic Village make people think of the world as one big family. The Olympic Games was hosted in Beijing in 2008, it is believed that the Games was a wonder of the world.

1.The first old Olympic Games took place _____.

A.a thousand years ago

B.in the seventh century AD

C. before 700 BC

D. in modern times

2.The continuity of the Olympic Games was once broken because of____.

A.religious reasons          B.wars

C. political events        D.Both A and B．

3.The Olympic Games meeting finally formed _____.

A.a local event              B.a national event

C.an international event      D.an official event

4.The friendly feelings between two countries are strengthened because___.

A.athletes come from different countries

B.they enable people to know each other better

C.athletes live in the Olympic village

D.they live in one big family

Answer

1.C

2.A

3.C

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：本文属于说明文，介绍了奥运会的历史以及奥运会促进人们之间相互了解的作用等。

1.C 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go but some official records date from 776 BC. 可知没有人确切知道奥运会什么时候开始有的，有官方记录是在公元前776年，实际上奥运会举行应该是在则之前。再根据第三段第一句After a long history of almost 1, 200 years, the Games were stopped for religious(宗教的) reasons.奥运会有1200年的历史，说明第一届奥运会应该是在公元前700举行的。故C项正确。

2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句After a long history of almost 1, 200 years, the Games were stopped for religious(宗教的) reasons.可知奥运会曾经因为宗教的原因停办过。故A正确。

3.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句As time passed，the Olympian meeting gradually lost its local character and became first a national event and then international.可知奥运会最后成为了一项国际省会。故C正确。

4.

【名师点睛】

考生做题时一定要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。

首先，考生在阅读时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。

其次，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。

再次，在解答推理性问题时，应清楚所要解答的问题是针对某个细节进行推断，还是针对主题思想、作者的意图进行推断。

针对细节的推断可运用scanning方法，迅速在阅读材料中确定推理依据的位置或范围，然后再进行推理判断。

针对主题思想作推断时，其解题的主要依据是文章的主题思想，然后再分析句子之间的逻辑关系，区分观点与例证、原因与结果、主观点与次观点。

下面结合最新高考试题，对推理判断题的不同类型加以解读。

1、抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理

做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。

2、整合全文（段）信息进行推断

做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳结论。

3、利用语境的褒贬性进行信息推断

很多文章的语境都有一定褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能在把握主旨文意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。认真阅读原文并找出反映语境褒贬性及变化的标志性词汇或句子，对我们掌握文章主旨文意，了解主人公的心理特点及发展变化，从而正确地进行逻辑推断很有好处。

4、根据文章的结论推断作者的态度

作者态度、倾向是指作者对陈述的观点是赞同、反对还是犹豫不定，对记叙或描写的人、物或事件等是赞颂、同情、冷漠还是厌恶、憎恨。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。

考点：考查说明文阅读