Now scientists have discovered the first evidence that the animals actually behave like their masters. Just like children, they adopt a “look and learn” approach which means they can mimic (模仿) human's actions when going about their tasks.
Biologists and psychologists at the universities of Vienna and Oxford designed an experiment to test the theory that dogs do have the ability to copy what they see, using a simple wooden box. In the study, ten owners showed their dogs how to open the wooden box, sometimes using their heads to push a handle and sometimes using their hands.
In the first part of the test, five dogs were rewarded with a piece of sausage for copying their owners' actions. The other five were rewarded with food for not copying, and using other methods. With each dog the experiment was repeated hundreds of times, and the time taken for a dog to get it “right” on 85 percent of attempts (17 goes out of 20) was recorded. The dogs encouraged to mirror their owners reached this point almost three times sooner on average than those rewarded for not copying them. In the second part of the test, all the dogs were only rewarded for copying the method their owners used. The five dogs previously rewarded for copying their owners reached the 85 percent mark more than twice as the other five.
In a paper published in Proceeding of the Royal Society, they concluded, “Like humans, dogs can't help imitating actions they see.” Going further, they said, “The results suggest the imitative (模仿的) behavior of dogs is shaped more by their developmental interactions with humans than by their evolutionary (进化的) history of domestication (驯化).”
Caroline Kisko, from the Kennel club, said, “A dog's behavior is influenced much like that of a child learning right from wrong and adopting similar patterns of behavior. We hope that owners understand the importance of their actions and use this knowledge to set good examples and therefore positively influence the behavior of their pets.”
1.What's the best title of the passage?
A. Dogs Are Intelligent Animals
B. Dogs Are like Children Most
C. Dogs Behave like Their Masters
D. Dogs Can Complete Simple Tasks
2.The underlined part “they” in Paragraph 4 most probably refers to ________.
A. the dogs' masters
B. the magazine's publishers
C. all the people involved in the experiment
D. the biologists and psychologists
3.The researchers believe dogs' imitative behavior comes mainly from ______.
A. domestication B. human rewards
C. evolution D. human-dog interactions
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Masters should influence their dogs as early as possible.
B. A man's bad behavior may influence his dog.
C. Dogs can't be influenced by men easily.
D. Dogs always behave positively.
Christmas Eve was tomorrow. I hoped one of the packages that held a camera had already been placed under the Christmas tree. It was the only thing I wanted. I had been dropping hints to my parents. I love taking photos. My bedroom walls are covered with photos I had taken with my mom's old camera. I'm always trying to capture those perfect moments in which you can hear the laughter or touch the beautiful scene, but my camera has always seemed to fall short.
I knew Mom had put a few presents under the tree this morning, so I went on a hunt in my mom's room. I opened the door and found my Christmas present was lying unwrapped on the floor — a big pink cat. I felt so disappointed.
Mom seemed to notice that, and she tried to cheer me up. “Stacy, I got your present today. I am so excited to surprise you!” “I can't wait,” I said. The next day I couldn't wait any longer. I needed to tell her.
“Mom, may I talk to you for a second?”
“Sure, dear. What do you need to talk about?” she asked.
And so it came — how upset I was that I was getting a cat.
“Stacy, that cat is for your sister Julia!” she said with a smile.
“Then what am I getting?” I asked.
She just smiled. “You'll have to wait and see.”
Next morning, I happily got into the living room and sat next to the tree. I pulled out the box with my name on it and opened the wrapping paper to find ...
My camera! “Thank you!” I said to both Dad and Mom.
Dad picked up the camera and took a picture of Julia, Mom and me. It has become one of my favorite pictures. Just on that Christmas morning, I took lots of photos with my camera — my little sister making a face, my parents giving me a soft smile — and all of these photos have come to mean one thing to me: love.
1.The underlined phrase “dropping hints” in Paragraph 1 means _____.
A. talking often B. suggesting indirectly
C. sending presents D. taking pictures
2.Why did Stacy feel disappointed at first?
A. Her mother couldn't understand her at all.
B. Her mother didn't buy her any Christmas gift.
C. She mistook her sister's Christmas gift for hers.
D. She didn't find her present in her mom's room.
3.We can learn from the passage that _____.
A. her mother bought Stacy a camera after discovering her disappointment
B. her mother knew what gift Stacy wanted for Christmas
C. Stacy thought it's OK to have an old camera
D. Stacy finally got her gift on Christmas Eve
4.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. A Christmas gift as wished
B. Love is more important than gifts
C. A wonderful Christmas.
D. Love can not be bought
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When you travel in other countries, you'll have to get yourself well prepared to ensure your safety and handle emergencies.
Before you leave, you'd better:
1. Take out medical insurance policy and learn what the plan covers and whether departure or return to the hometown is covered. Figure out payment choices, such as whether you have to speak directly with the insurance company, before or after treatment, whether you have to pay first and get compensation later.
2. Keep up to date on all required vaccinations (接种疫苗) .
3. Learn about the city or area where you are going to travel. Know how to say street names and landmarks in the local language. Figure out unique climate issues such as altitude, seasonal changes, potentially risky animals and insects.
4. Visit some local hospitals and write down addresses in the local language along with emergency entrance locations; do the same for dental/pediatric (小儿科的) services. Get first aid equipment with necessary medications. Take enough prescribed medication from the home country.
5. Carry a card or note written in both English and the local language listing your emergency contact numbers, name, basic medical information such as blood type and allergies (过敏) .
6. Ensure a reliable means of communication is available and carry an extra phone battery and a charger. Ensure that housemaids, drivers, office assistants, those who work or travel know how to call for medical assistance since they may be the only ones available in an emergency.
7. Make sure to bring all documents and visas along with you. Plan your journey carefully and carry copies of documents (ID, insurance policy records, medical records) and keep in a place where someone else could access them in an emergency.
1.In case you come across an emergency, you should _________.
A. carry a card or note which is written in the local language only
B. make sure your means of communication is available and reliable
C. buy enough prescribed medication from the foreign country
D. buy a guide book which includes basic emergency instructions
2.According to the passage, the following are true EXCEPT that ________.
A. you should try to make a good study of medical insurance policy
B. you'd make sure someone will be able to help you in emergencies
C. you'd hide your copies of documents for safety in a place that no one can find
D. you should try to get familiar with the city or area that you will visit
3.The best title for the text is _________.
A. How to Prepare for a Safe Travel
B. Emergency Help at Home and Abroad
C. How to Know the Place You Will Visit
D. Keep Yourself Healthy When Traveling
完形填空
I've always had strong opinions of how love should be expressed, but others had their own ways of showing care.
What I _________ most about visiting my boyfriend's parents is the loud tick of the clock in the dining room as we _________ ate our meal. With so little conversation I was quick to _________ his family as cold. When we got into the _________ to go home, his father suddenly appeared.
_________, he began to wash his son's windscreen. I could feel he was a caring man through the glass.
I learned another lesson about love a few years later. My father often _________me early in the morning. “Buy Xerox. It's a good sharp price,” he might say when I answered the phone. No pleasant _________ or inquiry about my life, just financial instructions. This manner of his _________ me and we often quarreled. But one day, I thought about my father's success in business and realized that his concern for my financial security lay behind his _________ morning calls. The next time he called and told me to buy a stock, I _________ him.
When my social style has conflicted with that of my friends, I've often felt _________ . For example, I always return phone calls _________ and regularly contact with my friends. I expect the same from them. I had one friend who rarely called, answering my messages with short e-mails. I rushed to the _________ : She wasn't a good friend! My anger _________ as the holidays approached. But then she came to a gathering I _________ and handed me a beautiful dress I had fallen in love with when we did some window-shopping the previous month. I was _________at her thoughtfulness, and regretful for how I'd considered her to be _________ . Clearly I needed to change my expectations of friends.
Far too often, I ignored their _________ expressions, eagerly expecting them to do things in my _________ . Over the years, however, I've learned to_________ other persons' love signs.
1.A. remember B. enjoy C. value D. admire
2.A. excitedly B. nervously C. silently D. instantly
3.A. regard B. treat C. take D. think
4.A. bus B. train C. car D. plane
5.A. Punctually B. Carefully C. Proudly D. Coldly
6.A. visited B. interrupted C. warned D. telephoned
7.A. greeting B. meeting C. apology D. explanation
8.A. interested B. angered C. encouraged D. surprised
9.A. long B. short C. warm D. polite
10.A. praised B. remembered C. blamed D. thanked
11.A. content B. guilty C. curious D. disappointed
12.A. in order B. in turn C. without delay D. without difficulty
13.A. feeling B. suggestion C. judgment D. belief
14.A. disappeared B. grew C. helped D. declined
15.A. opened B. refused C. hosted D. invited
16.A. depressed B. upset C. fascinated D. shocked
17.A. uncaring B. dishonest C. unhappy D. uncooperative
18.A. unique B. common C. pleasant D. familiar
19.A. opinion B. way C. mind D. life
20.A. send B. read C. give D. express
This is a very interesting book . I'll buy it, .
A.how much may it cost B.no matter how it may cost
C.however much it may cost D.how may it cost
---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---Well, now I regret that.
A. to do B. to be doing
C. to have done D. having done
