阅读理解。
Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasn’t much—a picture showing a black X．But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed –the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins．The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out．
Her name was Rosalind Franklin．” She should have been up there,” says historian（历史学家） Mary Bowden．” If her photos hadn’t been there, the others couldn’t have come up with the structure．” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision．But now scholars（学者）doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors
At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA’s parts and then putting them together．In the meantime, at King’s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子)．The rays produced patterns reflection the shape．
But Wilkins and Franklin’s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant．But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project．
What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out．And she was not shy about saying so．That angered Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend．Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place．”
As Franklin’s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am．In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her．Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution．”
No, Franklin was the solution．“She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA．She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says．This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself．Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light．
1.What is the text mainly about?
A．The disagreements among DNA researchers
B．The unfair treatment of Franklin．
C．The process of discovering DNA．
D．The race between two teams of scientists．
2.Watson was angry with Franklin because she ．
A．took the lead in the competition
B．kept her results from him
C．proved some of his findings wrong
D．shared her data with other scientists
3.Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”?
A．She developed pictures in dark labs．
B．She discovered the black X-the shape of DNA．
C．Her name was forgotten after her death．
D．Her contribution was unknown to the public．
4.What is the writer’s attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick?
A．Disapproving．
B．Respectful．
C．Admiring．
D．Doubtful．
阅读理解。
My father was 44 and knew he wasn’t going to make it to 45．He wrote me a letter and hoped that something in it would help me for the rest of my life．
Since the day I was 12 and first read his letter , some of his words have lived in my heart．One part always stands out．“Right now ,you are pretending to be a time killer(消磨时间者)．But I know that one day, you will do something great that will set you among the very best．” Knowing that my dad believed in me gave me permission to believe in myself．“You will do something great．” He didn’t know what would be, and neither did I ,but at times in my life when I’ve felt proud of myself , I remember his words and wish he were here so I could ask , “Is this what you were talking about , Dad ? Should I keep going ?”
A long way from 12 now , I realize he would have been proud when I made any progress．Lately, though, I’ve come to believe he would want me to move on to what comes next : to be proud of , and believe in , somebody else．It’s time to start writing my own letters to my children．Our children look to us with the same unanswered question we had．Our kids don’t hold back because they’re afraid to fail．They’re only afraid of failing us．They’re only afraid of failing us．They don’t worry about being disappointed．Their fear as mine was until my father’s letter is of being a disappointment．
Give your children permission to succeed．They’re waiting for you to believe in them．I always knew my parents loved me．But trust me ：That belief will be more complete , that love will be more real , and their belief in themselves will be greater if you write the words on their hearts ：“Don’t worry ; you’ll do something great．”Not having that blessing from their parents may be the only thing holding them back．
1.We learn from the text that the author ______
A．lost his father when he was young
B．worked hard before he read his father’s letter
C．asked his father’s permission to believe in himself
D．knew exactly what great thing his father wanted him to do
2.What does the author tell us in the 3rd paragraph ?
A．Children need their parents’ letters．
B．Children are afraid to be disappointed．
C．His children’s fear of failure held them back．
D．His father’s letter removed his fear of failing his parents．
3.Which of the following is true of the author ?
A．He got no access to success
B．He wrote back to his father at 12．
C．He was sure his parents loved him．
D．He once asked his father about the letter．
4.The main purpose of the text is to ．
A．describe children’s thinking
B．answer some questions children have
C．stress the importance of communication
D．advise parents to encourage their children
阅读理解。
Dear Friend．
The recent success of children’s books has made the general public aware that there's a huge market out there．
And there's a growing need for new writers trained to create the ＄3 billion worth of children's books bought each year, plus stories and articles needed by over 650 publishers of magazines for children and teenagers．
Who are these needed writers? They’re ordinary folks like you and me．
But am I good enough?
I was once where you might be now．My thoughts of writing had been pushed down by self-doubt, and I didn't know where to turn for help．
Then, I accepted a free offer from the Institute to test my writing aptitude（潜能）, and it turned out to be the inspiration I needed．
The promise that paid off
The Institute made the same promise to me that they will make to you, if you show basic writing ability:
You will complete at least one manuscript（手稿）suitable to hand in to a publisher by the time you finish our course．
I really didn't expect any publication before I finished the course, but that happened．I sold three stories．And I soon discovered that was not unusual at the Institute．
Since graduation, I have authored 34 nationally published children's books and over 300 stories and articles．
Free test and brochure
We offer a free aptitude test and will send you a copy of our brochure describing our recognized home-study courses on the basis of one-on-one training．
Realize your writing dream today．There's nothing sadder than a dream delayed until it fades (消失)forever．
Sincerely．
Kristi Holl, Instructor
Institute of Children's Literature
1.From the first three paragraphs, we learn that ．
A．children's books are usually bestsellers
B．publishers are making ＄3 billion each year
C．magazines for teenagers have drawn public attention
D．there is a growing need for writers of children's books
2.When finishing the course, you are promised to ．
A．be a successful publisher
B．become a confident editor
C．finish one work for publication
D．get one story or article published
3.Kristi Holl mentions her experience mainly to ____．
A．prove she is a good instructor
B．promote the writing program
C．give her advice on course preparation
D．show she sold more stories than articles
阅读理解。
It is reported that conservation groups（自然环境保护小组）in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves．Some groups believe wolves should be killed．Other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderness(荒野)
For Killing Wolves
In Alaska，the wolf almost disappeared a few years ago，because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport．However, laws were established to protect the wolves from sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur．So the wolf population has greatly increased．Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply．
A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family．People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food．Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life．When the deer can’t find enough food，they die．
If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer，their prey(猎物)will disappear some day．And the wolves will．too．So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology（生态学）．If we killed more wolves，we would save them and their prey from dying out．We’d also save some farm animals．
In another northern state，wolves attack cows and chickens for food．Farmers want the government to send biologists（生物学家） to study the problem．They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small wolf population．
Against Killing Wolves
If you had lived long ago，you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf．According to most stories，hungry wolves often kill people for food．Even today，the stories of the “big bad wolf'＂will not disappear．
But the fact is that wolves are afraid of people．and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell．When wolves eat other animals，they usually kill the very young or the sick and injured．The strongest survive．No kind of animal would have survived through the centuries if the weak members had not lived．And has always been a law of nature．
Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves，we say it is nonsense! Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance．The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life．
The real problem is that the areas where wolves can live are being used by people．Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs, the wolves can’t always find enough food．So they travel to the nearest source, which is often a farm．Then there is danger．The “big bad wolf” has arrived! And everyone knows what happens next．
1.According to the passage，some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCET that ．
A．there are too many wolves
B．they kill large numbers of deer
C．they attack cows and chickens for food
D．they destroy the wilderness plant life
2.Some people are against killing wolves because ．
A．wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wilderness
B．there is too small a wolf population in the wilderness
C．there are too many deer in the wilderness
D．wolves are afraid of people and never attack people
3.According to those against killing wolves，when wolves eat other animals， ．
A．they never eat strong and healthy ones
B．they always go against the law of nature
C．they might help this kind of animals survive in nature
D．they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness
4.The last sentence “And everyone knows what happens next” implies that in such cases ．
A．farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away
B．wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill them
C．wolves will find enough food sources on farms
D．people will leave the areas where wolves can live
书面表达,请你根据提示信息，用英语写一篇短文介绍你的家乡---德阳。内容包括：
1、德阳，成立于1983年，地处四川东北部，距省会成都47公里。
2、面积为5818 km²，人口约为约361万。
3、旅游资源丰富。 三星堆（Sanxingdui Ruins），德阳孔庙（Deyang Confucian Temple），绵竹年画村（Mianzhu New Year Pictures Village）等。
4、交通方便，气候宜人。
注意：1、不要逐字翻译，可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
2、词数：100字左右。
文中有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I’d like to say anything about the service in our school dining hall．In general，the service is satisfied．The hall is clean and tidy．And dishes look inviting and tastes good．What’s more，the workers there treat us as their friends，which makes us real happy．However，the cost of the meals was a little high．Also，we have only a limited variety of dish which are the same every day．In addition，we often have to stand with line for a long time after we get our food．This wastes a lot of time．I hope something can be done to solve about these problems soon．
