根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多余选项。
Urbanization
Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human being lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago. _1._ In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (乡村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.
Britain was only the beginning. _2.__ The process of urbanization—the migration (迁徙) of people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.
In 1900, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms. __3.__
Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninetyfive people on farms to feed five people in cities.__ 4.__ Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite (精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus（过剩）food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.
Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.__ 5._ Today, instead of needing ninetyfive farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred nonfarmers.
A．That kept cities very small.
B．The rest live in small towns.
C．The effects of urban living on people should be considered
D．Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.
E．But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.
F．Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.
G．Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.
Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. In fact, according to an official report on youth violence, “In our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage conflict the way they are taught to solve math problems, drive cars, or stay physically fit?
First of all, students need to realize that conflict is unavoidable. A report on violence among middle school and high school students indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor insult (侮辱). For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. Laughter over the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn't in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.
Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can practice the golden rule of conflict resolution (解决): stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he or she should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words, name calling, and accusations only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, soft words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.
After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key strategy (策略) for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask nonthreatening questions to clarify the speaker's position. Then the two people should change roles.
Finally, students need to consider what they are bearing. This doesn't mean trying to figure out what's wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to accomplish. For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these：How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes clearer, the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn't, careful thought helps both sides figure out a mutual（彼此共同的）solution.
There will always be conflict in schools, but that doesn't mean there needs to be violence. After students in Atlanta started a conflict resolution program, according to Educators for Social Responsibility, “64 percent of the teachers reported less physical violence in the classroom; 75 percent of the teachers reported an increase in student cooperation; and 92 percent of the students felt better about themselves”. Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.
1.This article is mainly about ________.
A. the lives of school children
B. the cause of arguments in schools
C. how to analyze youth violence
D. how to deal with school conflicts
2.From Paragraph 2 we can learn that ________.
A. violence is more likely to occur at lunchtime
B. a small conflict can lead to violence
C. students tend to lose their temper easily
D. the eating habit of a student is often the cause of a fight
3.Why do students need to ask themselves the questions stated in Paragraph 5?
A. To find out who is to blame.
B. To get ready to try new things.
C. To make clear what the real issue is.
D. To figure out how to stop the shouting match.
4.The writer’s purpose for writing this article is to ________.
A. complain about problems in school education
B. teach students different strategies for school life
C. advocate teaching conflict management in schools
D. inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence
In the latest romance-drama, Descendants of the Sun (《太阳的后裔》), a handsome soldier Yoo Shi-jin（柳时镇） (Song Joong-ki)(宋仲基) meets the pretty doctor Kang Mo-yeon（姜暮烟） (Song Hye-kyo)（宋慧乔） in a hospital, and he doesn’t hesitate to hit on her.
The dialogue, which takes place early in the first episode( 集）, immediately indicates that this is no ordinary South Korean drama. There’s no family feud （不睦）, or love tangles, or guesses and misunderstandings. The 16-episode show is set in the fictional war-torn country of Uruk（乌鲁克）. Song Joong-ki is the leader of a special warfare command unit, while Song Hye-kyo plays a doctor who works for a humanitarian medical organization. Both are sent in the midst of disaster and disease as part of their work with UN peacekeeping troops. Both know and show clearly what they want and what they hate.
But what stands out the most are Song’s skills as a pick-up artist（撩妹技能）.
Boldness and creativity are the key weapons in his arsenal. When Kang invites Yoo to drink wine with her, Yoo , who is not allowed to drink alcohol as a soldier, says, “There is a way” before kissing her. Forget about the “eighth-episode rule” . This kiss happens in the fourth.
Humor also does the trick. On their first date in a cinema, Yoo says, “This is the most exciting moment of my life. The moment I am with a beautiful woman before the theater lights go out.” When Kang tries to give Yoo a hard time, Yoo jokes, “I mistook you for a beautiful woman because it’s dark.”
And actor Song Joong-ki, who just came back from two years of military service last May, makes sure he delivers his pick-up lines just right.
“In Deep Rooted Tree (《树大根深》) and The Innocent Man (《善良的男人》), he [Song Joong-ki] showed he had the steel to play fearless and heartless men – that he could be taken seriously as an actor, despite his pretty face. In Descendants, he hits the emotional core of every scene, whether he has to be bold and amorous, guarded and mysterious, or sad,” said critic Foong Woei Wan in The Straits Times.
1.What is the relationship between Song Joong-ki and Song hye-hyo?
A. lover B. colleague
C. actor D. doctor-patient
2.Why say that the Descendants of the Sun is no ordinary South Korean drama?
A. Because actors know and show clearly what they want and what they hate.
B. It broke the previous Korean old story.
C. It exits family feud and love tangles.
D. The pick-up artist is unique and special.
3.When the Descendants of the Sun tells us that heterosexual（异性） contacts is important to have some quality including____________。
① humor ② Boldness and creativity
③ bold ④ emotional
A. ①② B. ①②③ C. ②③④ D. above all
4.What is the article mainly about?
A. Introduce a drama called the Descendants of the sun.
B. Song Zhongji could be taken seriously as an actor, despite his pretty face.
C. The Descendants of the sun open a new pattern to pick-up woman.
D. The reason why the Descendants of the sun gain success.
The world is filled with smart，educated and gifted people. We meet them every day. A few days ago，my car was not running well. I pulled it into a garage and the young mechanic fixed it in just a few minutes. He knew what was wrong by simply listening to the engine sound. I was amazed. The sad truth is that great talent is not enough.
I am constantly shocked at how little talented people earn. I heard the other day that less than 5 percent of Americans earn more than $100，000 a year. A business consultant who specializes in the medical trade told me how many doctors and dentists struggle financially. It was this business consultant（顾问）who gave me the phrase，“They are one skill away from great wealth.”
There is an old saying that goes，“JOB means ‘Just Over Broke（破产）”. And unfortunately，I would say that the saying applies to millions of people. Because schools do not think financial intelligence is intelligence，most workers “live within their means”. They work and they pay the bills. Instead I recommend that young people seek work for what they will learn，more than what they will earn.
When I ask the classes I teach，“How many of you can cook a better hamburger than McDonald's？” almost all the students raise their hands. I then ask，“So if most of you can cook a better hamburger，how come McDonald's makes more money than you？” The answer is obvious: McDonald's is excellent at business systems. The world is filled with talented poor people. They focus on perfecting their skills at building a better hamburger rather than the skills of selling and delivering the hamburger.
1.The author mentions the mechanic in the first paragraph to show that .
A. he is just one of the talented people
B. he is ready to help others
C. he has a sharp sense of hearing
D. he knows little about car repairing
2.The underlined part in the third paragraph can be best replaced by“ ”.
A. spend more than they can afford
B. do in their own way
C. live in their own circle
D. live within what they earn
3.Why do talented people earn so little according to the author?
A. They don't work hard enough.
B. They lack financial intelligence.
C. They don't make full use of their talents.
D. They have no specialized skills.
4.The main purpose of the author is to tell us .
A. how young people can find a satisfactory job
B. what schools should teach about finance
C. why so many talented people are poor
D. how McDonald's makes much money
Summer Science Class registration begins on March 8 ! If you are interested in science，the environment，or conservation and you are in grades 7－12，sign up soon for Black Rock Forest Consortium's Summer Science Class program. You can download the Summer Science Classes 2013 brochure here. It is easy to register；just call 8455344517 or click here.
Twelve weeklong courses in the natural sciences and the arts are offered at Black Rock Forest in Cornwall from July 15 through August 9.Two more classes are offered with site partners，including “The Art of Scientific Observation，” hosted jointly by Black Rock Forest Consortium and Storm King Art Center，one of the world's leading sculpture parks，and “A Nautical Expedition” hosted jointly by the Consortium and the Constitution Marsh Audubon Center.
We are delighted to announce two special “away” classes that are part of the Summer Science Class program this year: an “Adirondack EcoAdventure” beginning August 11，and “Conservation Biology in Florida，” beginning June 23 and featuring field work on the Gulf Coast in cooperation with the University of Florida's Seahorse Key Marine Biological Laboratory. For more information on the Summer Science Class program，please read our press release.
Black Rock Forest Consortium is a nonprofit organization founded in 1989 to advance scientific understanding of the natural world through research，education and conservation programs.
1.If you want to be a member of Summer Science Class，you should ________．
A．visit Black Rock Forest first
B．download their brochure
C．call a phone 8455344517
D．register before March 8
2.Summer Science Class's courses are________．
A．only about science subjects
B．cooperated by several organizations
C．from July 15 through August 9
D．hosted by the world's leading professors
3.Where can you find the article?
A．From a web site. B．From a traveling brochure.
C．From a novel book. D．From one famous magazine.
书面表达
假定你是李华.请你给笔友Peter写封信,告诉他你叔叔李明将去他所在城市开会,带去他想要的那幅中国画,同时询问他是否可以接机.信中还需说明:
李明:高个子,戴眼镜
航班号:CA985
到达：8月6日 上午11:30
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好.
Dear Peter,
How are you doing?____________________________________________________
…
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
