阅读理解。
Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move.
In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperatures are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra (冻原) starts has been shifting northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this,_plants tend to grow horizontal (水平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they don't have enough energy to make seeds.
But as Earth's climate has been warming, trees no longer have to just grow horizontally. Many can instead grow up toward the sky. This takes less energy. And with all that leftover energy, these trees have started producing more seeds. This happens especially in places where white spruce (白云杉) grows.
White spruce, which is a North American tree, is quite able to produce a lot of seeds, which can move long distances in the wind. When windblown seeds end up on the tundra beyond the tree line, they eventually can sprout(发芽) new trees. This explains how a forest can move. Of course, the process would work only if the tundra were warm enough. But in recent years, the whole planet has been warming.
New trees will provide shelters for some snow. Keeping the sun's rays from making the white surface disappear. Instead, the trees absorb the sun's heat. This warms the surrounding air. The extra warmth encourages even more trees to produce seeds. That further boosts a forest's ability to expand. In addition, more trees will trap more snow, preventing much of it from being blown away. Snow can trap heat in the soil below, which encourages trees to grow. The recent rise of temperatures has helped more trees grow past the tree line. People worry about impacts on the animals that depend on frozen conditions for food and shelter.
1.What is the main cause of the trees in the Arctic moving northward?
A．The shrinking of northern tundra.
B．The rising temperature.
C．The fierce and cold wind.
D．The abundant resources in the north.
2.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．To produce more seeds.
B．To move northward.
C．To respond to the climate change.
D．To protect themselves from the cold wind.
3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．New trees can trap the snow, which may make the soil colder.
B．The trapped snow prevents new trees from producing more seeds.
C．New trees can make the surrounding air warmer.
D．New trees can bring more food and shelter to local animals.
4.The passage is most probably taken from ________.
A．a science report B．a health report
C．a fashion magazine D．a children's magazine
阅读理解。
Where should an adventurous tourist go? After you've done sightseeing in London, shopping in New York, tasted the local food in Paris, and danced to your heart's content at the Brazilian Carnival, where else can you go? What exotic (异国风情的) tourist destination awaits you?
Well, Antarctica sounds like the holiday of a lifetime! It's considered the last great wilderness on Earth. Just a few scientists in research stations share the icy landscape with penguins and other animals which can cope with the low temperatures.
Tourism began in Antarctica in the 1950s and it's still a small scale. About 37,000 tourists are expected there this season, but many won't even leave the boat.
The BBC's Juliet Rix visited the frozen continent and asked herself if she should be there at all, causing potential problems to such a sensitive environment. Her tour guide admitted that all visitors leave footprints and they all go to the same place, the accessible coastline, which is also where the penguins and seals go to breed.
But some people believe that if carefully controlled, tourism can be good for Antarctica. It has no native population and it needs advocates. Visitors to the icy continent might be ready to support and even to fund its preservation. And they're likely to engage in the discussion about global warming, which has led to the melting of glaciers.
According to Rix, guidelines are followed when you're about to set foot in Antarctica and tourists have to disinfect (为……消毒) their boots to make sure no alien species are introduced.
And once on land, there's no eating or smoking. Rocks, bone fragments — nothing should be taken as a souvenir and nothing should be left behind. Tourists fortunate enough to visit Antarctica must be aware that this is not their home and keep their fingers crossed that future generations will also be able to enjoy such breathtaking views.
1.According to the second paragraph, we can learn that ________.
A．Antarctica has become the best place for people to travel
B．only scientists can be allowed to go to Antarctica
C．Antarctica is less affected by human activities
D．no animals can survive in Antarctica except penguins
2.Juliet Rix's travel in Antarctica mentioned in the fourth paragraph indicates that ________.
A．governments should take measures to stop tourists from going to Antarctica
B．whether tourists should go to Antarctica or not should be considered carefully
C．the animals' habitat in Antarctica has been seriously affected by tourism
D．only journalists begin to pay attention to the environmental protection in Antarctica
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Rix?
A．Tourists can eat and smoke in Antarctica.
B．Tourists can take something they like from Antarctica.
C．Tourists can throw away something they don't need in Antarctica.
D．Tourists can enjoy the beautiful scenery in Antarctica.
4.Which of the following is the best title of this passage?
A．Why can't tourists go to Antarctica?
B．How can tourists go to Antarctica?
C．Should tourists go to Antarctica?
D．Are tourists allowed to go to Antarctica?
阅读理解。
Heritage is our legacy (遗产) from the past, what we live with today, and what we pass on to future generations. Our cultural and natural heritage are both irreplaceable (无可取代的) sources of life and inspiration. Places as unique and diverse as the Pyramids of Egypt, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia and the Great Wall of China make up our world's heritage.
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) seeks to encourage the identification, protection and preservation of cultural and natural heritage around the world considered to be of outstanding value to humanity. This is embodied in an international treaty called the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, adopted by UNESCO in 1972.
How does a place become a World Heritage Site? It takes a lot of people to decide.
1)If a country wants one of its places to be on the World Heritage List, it has to ask UNESCO. The place must be important and special. UNESCO put the Great Wall on the list in 1987 because, it said, it was a great part of Chinese culture and beautifully made to go with the land. When a country asks, it must also make a plan for taking care of the place.
2)The World Heritage Committee of UNESCO talks about different places and decides whether to put them on the list. The committee meets every June. Many experts help the committee to decide.
3)After a new place goes on the list, UNESCO gives money to help keep it looking good. If a place is in serious danger, it may be put on the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger. UNESCO gives special care and help to those places.
4)Countries have to give UNESCO regular reports about places on the list. If UNESCO thinks a country isn't taking good enough care of a place, the site will be taken off the list.
1.What is the main purpose of Paragraph 1?
A．To tell us what is heritage.
B．To stress the importance of heritages.
C．To explain the aims of protecting heritages.
D．To introduce some places of interest in the world.
2.About cultural and natural heritage around the world, UNESCO encourages all the following EXCEPT________.
A．identification B．application
C．protection D．conservation
3.If a place successfully becomes a World Heritage Site, the country________.
A．can ask UNESCO for more money and help
B．should continue to take special care of it
C．won't take trouble of caring for it
D．will try to put it on the List of World Heritage Sites in Danger
4.The purpose of putting a place on the World Heritage List is________.
A．to attract more tourists from other countries
B．to get more money and help from other countries
C．to have it taken better care of
D．to make it known to other countries
Chinese consumers' crazy appetite for luxury goods and services appears unstoppable,with just 2 percent of the Chinese population responsible for one-third of the world's luxury items.
As China's economic miracle develops,the market opportunities for all sorts of luxury goods and services are increasing.Luxury consumption in China now extends ways beyond well-known car,clothing and jewelry brands.For example,the luxury jet market in China is the fastest-growing in the world,even outstripping that of the United States, with a market share of 25 percent.This trend appears to continue,with 20 to 30 percent growth expected in China, compared with only 2 to3 percent in the US.But more importantly,China's luxury jet market growth represents a major development in the private consumption of luxury items.
China's high-quality red wine market also provides evidence of the growth in private consumption of luxury goods.In 2013,China became the largest market for red wine in the world,even overtaking France,with l.86 billion bottles consumed in China last year.Over the past five years,China's red wine consumption has grown 136 percent.
According to my ongoing consumer research in this area while working at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing,public consumption of such expensive global luxury brands such as Prada and Armani is easily explained by the desire to "gain face" and publicly display social climbing through material possessions.On the other hand,it is "self-reward" that lies behind consumer motivation in this area.Chinese consumers who have experienced rapid financial and economic gains appear particularly prone to the need to reward themselves for their success.But this has little to do with "gaining face" and impressing others and much more to do with the need for personal contentment.
Finally,the growth in private luxury consumption in China is set to continue in part due to the maturity of the Chinese consumer and advancement of Chinese consumer culture generally.
1.What do you think the author would most probably be?
A. A news reporter. B. An accountant.
C. A professor. D. A conductor.
2.The underlined word "outstripping" in Paragraph 2 probably means" ".
A. falling far behind of B. going out of
C. going far ahead of D. keeping pace with
3.What can we learn from Paragraphs 2 and 3?
A. China's luxury jet market growth is only 2% to 3%.
B. France was once the largest market for red wine in the world before 2013.
C. The luxury jet market in the US shares 25%of the jet consumption in the world.
D. China's red wine consumption has increased to 1.86 billion bottles since 2013.
4.What can be the best title for the passage?
A. Future Private Luxury Consumption in China
B. Chinese Appetite for Luxury Goods and Services
C. The Potential Luxury Jet Market in China
D. The Maturity of the Chinese Consumers
阅读理解。
Jackson Language School
Summer Opening and Closing Time
The Jackson Language School is open each day except Sunday. There is an English Corner also available from 6 pm－9 pm at the Bellevue Hall across from the school.
Class Size
Classes have a minimum of 10 students and a maximum of 16 students in one class. Classes are equipped with earphones and an electronically controlled listening.
Teachers
Teachers are all experienced and have a minimum of 2 years' experience and at least a certificate in teaching English as a second language. They are all available for tutoring if you need it.
Location
The school is located 15 minutes from central London at 34 Inverleith Row, next to the Marks and Spencer shopping centre. It is near a bus stop and only a 5minute walk from the tube.
Attendance
Students on student visas are expected to attend regularly. Students who are absent more than 60% of the time will be reported to the Student Office. Moreover, if students attend less than 80%, they will not be able to get a certificate from Jackson Language School. It is also required by the Student Office for a visa extension.
Home Stay
You are able to stay with a British family if you request so. Jackson has a home stay program that matches students with families according to their own requirements and needs. While generally no problems occur, students may move from a home stay household if he or she gives a 2week written notice to the home stay family school.
Language Policy
As the course is an immersion (沉浸式) program, students are expected to speak English the entire time they are at the school. If they speak any language other than English at the school, they may be asked to leave the school for a day.
1.If you attend more than 80% of your classes, ________.
A．you will be likely to get a certificate
B．you will not obtain a visa extension
C．you may be reported to the Student Office
D．you may not be able to get a certificate
2.The students are expected to speak English ________.
A．part of the time while at the school
B．the entire time they are at the school
C．no matter when they want to
D．when they are in a home stay family
3.At Jackson Language School, ________.
A．you can't move out of a home stay family
B．you can't take part in an English Corner
C．you can turn to a teacher when you need to be tutored
D．you can study in a class less than 10 students
阅读理解。
CANYOUIMAGINEHOWHARDITWOULDBETOREAD
SENTENCESLIKETHIS? Every one of us gets so used to punctuation marks that not many of us give them a second thought. Actually, the ancient Greeks wrote this way. The lack of punctuation marks probably didn't bother good readers, though. As they read, they just put pauses where they fit best. Also at this time, sentences switched directions. A sentence read from left to right. The next one read right to left, and then left to right again, etc. The ancient Romans sometimes punctuated like this: They·put·something·that·can·separate·words·in·a·sentence. The word punctuation actually comes from this idea and the Latin word puncture, which means a dot.
When the 5th century arrived, there were just two punctuation marks: spaces and points. The spaces separated words while the points showed pauses in reading. Then in the 13th century, a printer named Aldus Manutius tried to standardize punctuation. He always used a period for a complete stop at the end of a sentence. He used a slash (/) to indicate a short pause. Over time, that slash was shortened and curled, and it became the modern comma (逗号)．
Since that time, other marks have enlarged the punctuation family. The exclamation mark (感叹号) comes from the Latin word io. It means “exclamation of joy”. The question mark originally started out as the Latin word questio, meaning question. Eventually, scholars put it at the end of a sentence to show a question.
Punctuation even keeps changing nowadays. New marks are coming into existence, and old punctuation marks are used in new ways. Take for example the “interrobang”. This 1962 invention combines the question mark and exclamation mark for times when writers want both. For example, “She did what！？” or “How much did you pay for that dress！？” Obviously, the interrobang is not widely used or recognized yet, but its invention shows that English is not yet finished with its punctuation.
1.From the first paragraph, we can know that ________.
A．good readers had trouble reading without punctuation marks
B．a sentence always read from left to right in ancient Greece
C．the ancient Greeks switched the direction of punctuation marks
D．the use of punctuation marks can date back to ancient times
2.The passage is developed by ________.
A．time B．space
C．comparison D．importance
3.We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．ancient Romans didn't use any punctuation marks
B．exclamation and question marks came from Latin
C．spaces and slashes were already used before the 5thcentury
D．Aldus Manutius first started to use commas
4.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?
A．The combination of two marks will not work.
B．It takes time for people to accept new punctuation marks.
C．Old punctuation marks need to be standardized.
D．Punctuation marks are still changing today.
