Question

When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure (确保)that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organiztion(UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the problem of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.

More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says, “Give me a fish and I eat for day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.” If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometimes what is take for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back from time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.

Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned, there is also the build-up of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge.

1.According to the author, how could international aid reach the victims in time?

A. By solving the cost problems.

B. By solving the transportation problems.

C. By setting up a body of devoted people in every country.

D. By relying on the direct distribution of the UNO.

2.What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence?

A. Providing food is vital.

B. Learning to fish is helpful.

C. Teaching skills is essential.

D. Looking after others is important.

3.Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands?

A. A medical team.B. An exchange program.

C. A water plant.D. Financial support.

4.What can we infer about international aid from the passage?

A. It is facing difficulties.

B. It is unnecessary during normal times.

C. It should be given in the form of materials.

D. It has gained support developed countries.

Answer

1.C

2.C

3.D

4.A

【解析】

试题分析: 灾难在全球是不可避免的。国际援助雪中送炭。然而援助要落到实处，一定要有些高效的措施。

1.1】C 细节理解题。根据文中第一段最后一句Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.可以得知，救援物质要快速地分配到灾区，联合国可以在各国组建一支特别团队，专门实施这项工作，故选C。

2.2】C 推理判断题。文中画线部分相当于汉语谚语“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”，强调的是“渔”（技术）。后文举例可以得到印证：“For example, a country could share its technology with another.”（一个国家可以与另一国共享技术资源），故选C。

3.3】D 细节理解题。救援灾区的主要是各地的捐款和物资，如果falls into the wrong hands，那可能造成救援钱物被贪污或挪作他用。故选D。

4.4】A 推理判断题。文章首段首句提出问题：When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. 第二段，第三段分别阐述解决international aid尴尬的有效办法，故选A。

考点：考查政治经济文化类短文阅读。