请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
The 18-year-old girl from Linyi, Shandong province scored 568 points on her college entrance exam this year and was admitted to Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications.
On Aug 19, Xu received a phone call from an unknown person telling her that she was due to receive student funding. Following the call, Xu transferred a 9,900-yuan "activation fee" into the man’s bank account, hoping the money would appear in her student account, but it never did.
After discovering they had been cheated, the family immediately reported the incident to the police, but Xu was said to be frustrated. On their way home, she suddenly fainted and despite doctors’ best efforts to rescue her, she passed away.
The death of Xu yuyu immediately caused an outcry over the society, and once again, it fired a public anger towards those who commit heartless fraud(欺诈).
So how was Xu’s private information leaked out?
Reporters have discovered that there are many people who openly sell the examinee’s information online. The information includes the examinee’s name, school, phone number, and address. The personal information of examinee has become the target of the online fraud industry.
【写作内容】
1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要；
2. 用约120个词就“Personal information leakage”谈谈你的看法和感受，内容包括：
（1）简述个人信息泄露的危害及保护个人信息的重要性；
（2）就如何保护个人信息提几点建议（至少两点）。
【写作要求】
1. 阐述观点或提供论据时，不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称等。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
Do you think you could learn a language in an hour?
We know, we know! We would expect you to be skeptical. It’s ridiculous to think you can learn a language in 60 minutes. You wouldn’t even get through the As in a bilingual dictionary in that amount of time! Best-case situation: in an hour, most of us could probably stuff a few words and ready-made phrases into our short-term memory (with a high likelihood of forgetting it all by the following day). Accomplishing anything more than that in one hour? Impossible. Unless…
We posed the one-hour language challenge to four polyglots(通晓数种语言的人) who are experts on how to study languages. To keep the challenge from becoming completely impossible, we gave them a bit of a break: to learn Romanian in one hour. Why Romanian? Because it’s a Romance language and shares many similarities with the languages that the polyglots already know: French, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese. And to make sure their hour of learning was as effective as possible, all of them were assigned a personal Romanian tutor to help coach them on their way to success.
Although each polyglot has a different technique for picking up and remembering a new language, all four methods offer valuable insights to anyone, from casual learners to hard-core language enthusiasts.
Alex Rawlings — UK
"I’m a bit nervous. This is probably the craziest language-learning thing I’ve ever done, but learning languages has always been about fun. I expect that, after this, I’ll be prepared to have a simple chat over a coffee in Romanian. Is that reasonable?"
Method: Learn the verbs first
With only an hour until he had to start demonstrating his grasp of Romanian, Alex knew he had to start talking quickly. He chose to focus first on commonly used verbs and how to conjugate（动词变形） them. Once he had some verbs down, he could start collecting nouns from his tutor and plugging them in to make more interesting and relevant sentences.
Luca Lampariello — Italy
"Every time I have a conversation with native speakers, it really motivates me. Human contact is really important when learning a language."
Method: Start speaking right away
Speaking doesn’t mean speaking perfectly. Speaking even a little bit is a huge confidence boost. When you can say something in a new language and people actually understand you, it’s very motivating. Yes, you’ll make mistakes, but you’ll also learn faster than if you try to get it all perfect in your head first.
Michael Youlden — UK
"We all speak a variety of Romance languages which I think will help us get into Romanian quickly."
Method: Write everything down
Language learning is about recall; there’s no use learning something if you don’t remember it. Speaking new words aloud is very important, but so is writing them down — after all, words exist as sounds and in written form. Taking notes is a proven way to put new vocabulary and grammar into your memory. Writing supports memorizing which supports speaking... it’s a cycle. Plus, you have an easy reference when you want to review what you’ve learned.
Matthew Youlden — UK
"I’m going to look for the patterns and similarities with languages I already know. We won’t be able to speak fluently after an hour of study, but we should be able to get by with some basic vocabulary and phrases."
Method: Look for cognates
Cognates are words in different languages that look and sound similar and have the same meaning, due to a common origin. Almost every language combination contains cognates (even if two languages aren’t seemingly related), but languages from the same language family have many more. Whichever language you are learning, identify the familiar words and then use them to anchor the new words that aren’t so familiar. To use English as an example, because it’s a sort of Germanic-Romance hybrid, English already has many words that cognate with German, Dutch and Swedish on one hand, and on the other hand it also has lots of words that cognate with French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian and, of course, Romanian!
Learn a language with courses designed by the experts. Start here, today!
Pick a language to learn. German, Spanish, Italian, French, Portuguese, and Swedish.
Four Learning Methods From Four Language 1.：How To Make Meaningful Progress In Your First Hour | |
The people who are 2. | Four polyglots who are good at learning languages |
The language they are to study | Romanian |
3. limits 1 hour | 1 hour |
The reason for choosing the target language | Romanian has much in 4. with their familiar languages |
The 5. to learning the language | the language Alex: give 6. to commonly used verbs; add some 7. to make sentences |
Luca: attach great 8. to speaking; don’t be afraid to make mistakes | |
Michael: take notes to keep new words and grammar in 9. | |
Matthew: try to 10. similar words and patterns with familiar languages | |
请认真阅读下列各小题，并根据上下文语境和所给首字母的提示，写出下列各句空中的单词，注意保持语义和形式的一致。请将答案的完整形式写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
1.—The Chinese National Football Team failed again. I didn’t see any cooperation between them.
—Whether in the workplace or on the football field, only effective t________ can produce amazing results.
2.—How much do I o________ you, Sir?
—Well, it’s $5.50 plus tax. Thank you.
3.—Did you have a good time?
—It couldn’t be worse. We were held up on the expressway for three hours. On the way back, we found the car got a f________ tyre, and the spare was, too.
4.—Wang Baoqiang’s d________ from his wife quickly became a hot topic in China.
—Absolutely. Chinese netizens seem to have united around Wang, with topics like Baobao Don’t Cry, Wang We Support You...
5.—I cannot afford the big house on my salary.
—Me neither. You see, the housing prices in Suzhou r________ high among those big cities in China.
I look back sometimes at the person I was before I rediscovered my old professor. I want to talk to that person. I want to tell him what to look out for, what mistakes to avoid. I want to tell him to be more open, to ignore the temptation of advertised values, to pay attention when your loved ones are speaking, as if it were the last time you might hear them.
Mostly I want to tell that person to get on an airplane and visit a gentle old man in West Newton, Massachusetts, sooner rather than later, before that old man gets sick and loses his ability to dance.
I know I cannot do this. None of us can undo what we’ve done, or relive a life already recorded. But if Professor Morrie Schwartz taught me anything at all, it was this: there is no such thing as “too late” in life. He was changing until the day he said good-bye.
Not long after Morrie’s death, I reached my brother in Spain. We had a long talk. I told him I respected his distance, and that all I wanted was to be in touch—in the present, not just the past—to hold him in my life as much as he could let me.
“You’re my only brother,” I said. “I don’t want to lose you. I love you.”
I had never said such a thing to him before.
A few days later, I received a message on my fax machine. It was typed in the sprawling, poorly punctuated, all-cap-letters fashion that always characterized my brother’s words.
“HI I’VE JOINED THE NINETIES!” it began. He wrote a few little stories, what he’d been doing that week, a couple of jokes. At the end, he signed off this way:
I HAVE HEARTBURN AND DIAHREA(腹泻) AT THE MOMENT—LIFE’S A BITCH. CHAT LATER?
[signed] SORE TUSH.
I laughed until there were tears in my eyes.
This book was largely Morrie’s idea. He called it our “final thesis.” Like the best of work projects, it brought us closer together, and Morrie was delighted when several publishers expressed interest, even though he died before meeting any of them. The advance money helped pay Morrie’s enormous medical bills, and for that we were both grateful.
The title, by the way, we came up with one day in Morrie’s office. He liked naming things. He had several ideas. But when I said, “How about Tuesdays with Morrie?” he smiled in an almost blushing way, and I knew that was it.
After Morrie died, I went through boxes of old college material. And I discovered a final paper I had written for one of his classes. It was twenty years old now. On the front page were my penciled comments scribbled to Morrie, and beneath them were his comments scribbled back.
Mine began, “Dear Coach . . .”
His began, “Dear Player . . .”
For some reason, each time I read that, I miss him more.
Have you ever really had a teacher? One who saw you as a raw but precious thing, a jewel that, with wisdom, could be polished to a proud shine? If you are lucky enough to find your way to such teachers, you will always find your way back. Sometimes it is only in your head. Sometimes it is right alongside their beds.
The last class of my old professor’s life took place once a week, in his home, by a window in his study where he could watch a small hibiscus(木槿) plant shed its pink flowers. The class met on Tuesdays. No books were required. The subject was the meaning of life. It was taught from experience.
The teaching goes on.
1.What kind of a person was the author before he rediscovered Professor Morrie Schwartz?
A. He was very open to life’s challenges.
B. He cared much about the people he loved.
C. He was probably lost in the material world.
D. He kept close contact with his teacher.
2.What did the author learn from Professor Morrie?
A. Pain past is pleasure.
B. Life is a difficult journey.
C. It’s never too late to mend.
D. Tomorrow is another day.
3.According to the passage, what is the author’s attitude toward life now?
A. He is very content with his life.
B. He is willing to make changes in his life.
C. He has always been hopeful about the future.
D. He prefers to live in the past.
4.The underlined sentence in the passage implies that ________.
A. he was so glad to reconnect with his brother
B. his brother’s style of writing was really funny
C. his brother was good at telling jokes
D. it was surprising to receive the message
5.According to the author, which of the following is the criterion of a good teacher?
A. Being skillful in what he/she teaches.
B. Being able to understand what you need.
C. Being willing to teach you all he/she knows.
D. Being good at changing you for the better.
6.Where in the entire book would this passage be best placed?
A. In the acknowledgments of the book Tuesday with Morrie.
B. In the first chapter of the book Tuesday with Morrie.
C. At the turning point of the book Tuesday with Morrie.
D. At the conclusion of the book Tuesday with Morrie.
A biologist from the National Park Service discovered a rare and unusual mammoth(猛犸) skull(颅骨) buried in a 13,000-year-old rock layer on the Santa Rosa Island, the second largest landmass in the Channel Islands, California. The fossil of the extinct giant animal is leaving many paleontologists(古生物学家) scratching their heads. Despite the fact that it’s possibly the best preserved mammoth skull ever found and of high scientific importance, the species of the individual it belonged to can’t seem to be identified yet—it’s too big to be a pygmy(特别矮小的) mammoth and too small to have come from a Columbian mammoth. Some say it’s a new species while others believe the truth lies somewhere in between.
The first mammoths showed up in North America around two million years ago, but it was only during the last two ice ages that the Columbian species, which could grow to be up to 14 feet tall, made its way to the Channel Islands 100 miles west of Los Angeles. Once the ice melted, many populations became trapped on the island and evolved into pygmy mammoths, an endemic species(地方种) to the Channel Islands which grew only to six feet tall.
Judging from its size, the newly found mammoth skull doesn’t seem to fit any of the two species, Columbian or pygmy. To make things even more confusing, one of its two tusks(象牙) is nearly five feet long and coiled in a manner that resembles those of fully grown mammoths but the left tusk is shorter and sloped, more like a juvenile(青少年).
This has caused some scientists to say the Santa Rose skull may belong to a transitional species. Whatever’s the case, a following examination of the mammoth’s teeth should put the matter to rest. The analysis will also tell us how old the mammoth was when it died, so we can tell for sure whether it was an adult or juvenile.
More interesting than the mammoth’s lineage, however, might be its story. The giant mammal lived 13,000 years ago or roughly the same timeline of the “Arlington Man”, a 13,000-year-old human skeleton also found on Santa Rosa. Some 3,000 years later humans were already spread throughout the continent and the Channel Islands’ mammoth went extinct. The present finding might help reveal a link between the two.
The remains also seem to confirm a long-held assumption that there were two mammoth migrations to the Channel Islands. “The discovery of this mammoth skull increases the probability that there were at least two migrations of Columbian mammoths to the island: during the most recent ice age 10,000 to 30,000 years ago, as well as the previous ice age that occurred about 150,000 years ago,” said USGS geologist Dan Muhs.
1.The underlined part in the first paragraph means the paleontologists feel ________.
A. excitedB. confusedC. anxiousD. frustrated
2.Which of the following is not among the reasons why the newly found skull is special?
A. It is possibly the best preserved mammoth skulls.
B. Its size fits neither the Columbian mammoth nor the pygmy mammoth.
C. It was found on the Santa Rose Island, California.
D. Its two tusks give out different information of the mammoth’s age.
3.What can be inferred from the last three paragraphs?
A. The examination of the mammoth’s teeth can tell us how old it was when it died.
B. There may be a link between the extinction of mammoths and the spread of humans.
C. At least two mammoth groups migrated to the Channel Islands during different periods of time.
D. There remains no final conclusion as to how many mammoth groups migrated to the Islands.
4.This passage mainly tells us the newly found mammoth skull _________.
A. is among the best preserved, but with a mysterious story
B. has aroused a debate over what species it belongs to
C. is of great scientific importance to mankind
D. is likely to confirm a former assumption
The plants grown by Wageningen University researchers in Mars-like soil back in March have been analyzed and the results are excellent: at least four of the crops do not contain harmful heavy metal levels and are perfectly safe to eat, the University researchers report.
If you’ve seen The Martian, you can remember how much Matt Damon got done living off of his poo-powered crop of potatoes. It just goes to show how important it is for a long-term colony to be able to grow their own food locally. We’ve taken one step closer to that goal in March, when Netherlands’ Wageningen University reported that they’ve managed to grow ten different crops in Mars-like soil.
However, growing food doesn’t do us much good if eating it kills us, and researchers were worried that these crops contained dangerous heavy metals like lead or cadmium(镉) from the martian soil. But future colonists are delighted, as lab analysis of the crops determined that at least four of them are safe to eat.
Led by ecologist Wieger Wamelink, the team tested radishes, tomatoes, rye, and peas. They looked at cadmium, lead, aluminium(铝), nickel(镍), copper, chrome(铬), iron, arsenic(砷), manganese(锰), and zinc(锌) contents in the plants, and didn’t find any in dangerous levels. In fact, some of these vegetables have lower levels of heavy metals than those grown in regular potting soil. The plants were also tested for vitamins, alkaloids(生物碱), and flavonoids(类黄酮), with good results. While there are six more crops to test, Wamelink himself said that the results up to now are “very promising.”
“Growing food locally is especially important to our mission of permanent settlement, as we have to ensure sustainable food production on Mars. The results of Dr. Wamelink and his team at Wageningen University & Research are significant progress towards that goal,” said Mars One co-founder and CEO Bas Lansdorp in a press release.
A crowdfunding campaign is underway (and will be until the end of August) to fund the test of the remaining crops, potatoes included. If all the crops test out safe, with concentrations of heavy metal the FDA and the Dutch Food Agency consider as safe, Wamelink’s team will host a “Martian dinner” at the Wageningen greenhouse.
But I’ve seen the movie. Stay clear of the potatoes.
1.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Four crops grown in martian soil have been tested safe to eat, with no heavy metals in.
B. The ability to grow food locally can ensure the permanent stay on Mars.
C. The team temporarily lack money to test the remaining six crops.
D. A “Martian dinner” will be hosted after all the remaining crops have been tested.
2.What is Bas Lansdorp’s attitude towards the research results?
A. Neutral.B. Indifferent.C. Unfavorable.D. Praiseful.
3.The author writes the passage in order to _________.
A. prove that it is practical to grow crops on Mars in the future
B. show crops grown in martian soil are safe for people to eat
C. point out the importance of growing food locally for long-term settlement
D. report the recent research findings of the possibility of growing food on Mars
