Question

Breakthroughs in science and technology are paving the way for modern cities to support bigger populations. Now, we see the most exciting urban innovations to show you exactly how they’ll improve your city’s infrastructure(基础设施).

Lighting Up The Night

Anthony Di Mari dreamed up an electric tree to help irrigate public parks and light them at night. These electric trees contain a special infill (填充物) that collects water from rainfall. The water is then distributed through a shallow underground irrigation system with the help from the trees’ swaying movement. An electric motor turns energy from the waving of the artificial trees into electricity, which is used to light up the trees’ outer LEDs.

Thinking Outside The Box

As more people flock to urban areas, city planners will need to get increasingly creative about how to satisfy residents’ health and transportation needs within decreasing available space. One way to achieve this is by updating infrastructure to support biking and walking by building suspended(悬浮的) roundabouts like hovering in the Netherlands. By lifting bicycle and pedestrian traffic above busy roadways, cities can significantly decrease over-crowded traffic condition.

Waving Hello To Clean Energy

Cities that don’t receive enough sunlight may find an attractive alternative in wave power. Since ocean waves rarely experience disruption(中断), electric engines driven by their clockwork push-and-pull can reliably provide power throughout the year. Further, thanks to advances in wave power technology, engineers have been able to move wave power engines farther offshore, where the waves pack the most punch, making the engines extremely efficient. So in the future, heavily populated coastal cities may use wave to meet their energy needs.

1.What is the special infill used to do?

A. To make the trees beautiful.

B. To produce electricity.

C. To help the trees’ swaying.

D. To collect water from rainfall.

2.How do the Netherlands improve the city traffic according to the text?

A. By updating the city roadway condition.

B. By building walking passages underground.

C. By creating suspended roundabouts above roadways.

D. By supporting more biking and walking.

3.What does the author mainly tell us in the last paragraph?

A. The advantages of wave power.

B. The ways to use wave power.

C. The future of wave power.

D. The advances in wave power technology.

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.A

【解析】

试题分析：科技的突破给人们的生活带来了很多的方便，本文主要介绍三种不同的科技给城市带来的便利。

1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“These electric trees contain a special infill (填充物)that collects water from rainfall.”可知，答案为D。

2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“One way to achieve this is by updating infrastructure to support biking and walking by building suspended roundabouts like hovering in the Netherlands.”可知，答案选C。其中A、B、D三个选项虽然是改善交通状况的途径，但不是文章中the Netherlands 的做法，因此选C。

3. 主旨大意题。最后一段主要讲述的是wave power的好处。一个就是海浪永远不会枯竭，另外就是wave power的技术快速发展，可以把发电机安放在深海区域，让发电机组可以高速运转。因此选A。而D答案不能概括段落所有的意思，所以不能选。

【名师点睛】

细节理解题解题思路与应试技巧

细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。

通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：

1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。

2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。

3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。

4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项（适用于寻找错误选项的题目）。

干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征：

1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上却是错误选项。

2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。

3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。

4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，所述细节确实与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。

5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确属原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。

考点：科普类文章阅读。