Question

The demands of the modern world are growing day by day and this is putting more pressure on scientists to do research. However, as stated by Griffiths, “There is no hope of doing perfect research”. Naturally, there have been a lot of criticisms (批评), as many scientists immediately announce that their research methods are very safe and that they have the perfect research theory (理论).

However, scientific history is filled with examples, in which a perfect scientific solution that was based on decades of scientific research has been overturned (推翻) with new theories. Naturally the first example that comes to mind is the fact that Newton’s Theories were thought to be very safe and they were used in all fields of science. For centuries, thousands of scientists around the world used Newton’s Theories to formulate (规划) other theories.

However, after nearly two centuries of use, Newton’s Theories were found to be not as perfect as they were thought. Through Einstein’s publication on the General Theory of Relativity, it was found that Newton’s laws were imperfect in explaining all motions (运动) that were taking place in our universe. It was found to be imperfect under some conditions, even though, Newton’s laws are still used today to predict motion at low speeds.

Thus, perfect research is only a myth (神话). Of course, this does not mean that a scientist should simply give up and accept imperfection in his or her research efforts. Improvements and changes in research techniques and methods are a natural part of evolution (进化) and it is each scientist’s responsibility to take it forward as much as possible.

While the final answer to the universe’s questions may never exist, a time will come when there will be fewer questions as new answers are found and more improved research is carried out by scientists around the world.

1.Why have there been a lot of criticisms?

A. The modern world demands mor e and more.

B. Scientists have a negative attitude.

C. Many scientists arrive at their conclusions (结论) too fast.

D. Griffiths does not believe what scientists say.

2.Through the publication of the General Theory of Relativity, Newton’s Theories turned out to be ______.

A. not so perfect    B. completely wrong    C. very safe    D. very exact

3.What will scientists do to deal with the “imperfectness” problem?

A. Accept the fact and give up.

B. Improve and change their methods and techniques.

C. Try their best to carry out the perfect study.

D. Ignore it and do as they please.

4.We can learn from the last paragraph that ______.

A. the universe’s questions are sure to have a final answer

B. the number of questions is sure to increase with the passing of time

C. scientists are carrying out improved studies

D. there will be more scientists in the world in the future

Answer

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.C

【解析】通过本文我们了解到，现代世界的需求日益增长，这给科学家们施加了更多的压力去做研究。由于很多科学家得出结论太快，他们得到许多批评。目前科学家正在进行改进研究。

1.C

细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Naturally, there have been a lot of criticisms (批评), as many scientists immediately announce that their research methods are very safe and that they have the perfect research theory (理论).可知有许多批评的原因是很多科学家得出结论太快。故选C。

2.A

细节理解题。根据第三段However, after nearly two centuries of use, Newton’s Theories were found to be not as perfect as they were thought. Through Einstein’s publication on the General Theory of Relativity, it was found that Newton’s laws were imperfect in explaining all motions (运动) that were taking place in our universe.可知the General Theory of Relativity的出版发现牛顿的理论并不是那么完美。故选A。

3.B

细节理解题。根据第四段中Improvements and changes in research techniques and methods are a natural part of evolution (进化) and it is each scientist’s responsibility to take it forward as much as possible.可知科学家为了处理不完美的问题，改进和改变他们的方法和技术。故选B。

4.C

推理判断题。根据最后一段中new answers are found and more improved research is carried out by scientists around the world. 科学家正在进行改进研究。故选C。