At a click of mouse consumers can purchase the goods and service they need at online shops. What they have to do is waiting for the goods sent to their homes. We shall all be grateful to the pioneers of online shopping for bringing us such convenience.
Michael Aldrich（the UK）
Online shopping was invented and pioneered by Michael Aldrich in the UK. In 1979 he connected a television via a telephone line to a real-time multi-user transaction(交易)processing computer. He sold mainly Business-to-Business systems. There were a number of significant world firsts with new applications in several business fields.
Jeff Bezos（the USA）
Jeff Bezos defined online shopping and rewrote the rules of commerce. Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web server and browser（浏览器）in 1990. In 1994, Jeff Bezos read an article about how the World Wide Web was growing by 2,300 percent a year. He knew he had to tap into such a great potential for commerce. On July 6, 1995, Bezos launched Amazon.com, which operated out of the garage of his two bedroom home in suburban Seattle, Washington. With almost no publicity, sales took off immediately. The company has now expanded into dozens of product categories, forcing the world’s biggest retailer（零售商）to rethink their business models, and finally changing the way people shop.
Jack Ma（China）
As a child, Jack Ma was bad at maths but fascinated by English. He travelled to the United States in 1995 as a translator to help a Chinese firm recover payment. The attempt failed. But a friend in Seattle showed Ma the Internet, and an idea began brewing.
In 1999, Mr Ma gathered 17 friends and founded Alibaba in his apartment in Hangzhou. Alibaba’s model was simple: allow small and medium-sized Chinese companies to find global buyers they would otherwise only be able to meet at trade shows. It works brilliantly. Alibaba’s sales are now more than those of eBay and Amazon combined.
1.What made Amazon.com a success?
A. Business-to-Business systems. B. The World Wide Web server and browser
C. Commercial publicity. D. Help from retailers.
2.How did Jack Ma have the idea of founding Alibaba?
A. A translator helped him. B. A Chinese firm inspired him.
C. lie was introduced to the Internet. D. lie was funded by some companies.
3.What do the pioneers have in common?
A. They have improved computers.
B. They have sold goods worldwide.
C. They have enlarged product categories.
D. They have contributed to online shopping.
假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Lucy发邮件说她对中国传统文学非常感兴趣，但是在阅读时
遇到了很多困难，比如很多汉字不认识，读不懂文章的意思等等，希望得到你的帮助。请用英文
给Lucy回一封电子邮件，要点如下：
1．表示理解并给予安慰；
2．提出建议并说明理由。
注意：
1．词数100左右：
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。信中不能出现本人相关信息。
Dear Lucy,
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
yours，
Li Hua
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10
处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I visited my aunt in the countryside near the city last week. I was surprising to see that great changes had been taken place in the countryside. Take my aunt’s family for example. We supply precious flower to the stores in the city and have over ten workers working for them. Their family’s income reached as much 100,000 yuan last year. Not only did they have a house, a car and computers, they can also afford a trip abroad every year. When asking what else they needed most, they said that they wanted to learn a few English so that they could do business with foreigners directly. To their delighted, my cousin can use that he has learned from the university to help them with overseas trade.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Music festivals are popular across Africa. But this seems something few would have imagined possible in Goma. For years, the city1. (link) to wars. The young people were tired of years of2.(violent), and a youth group set out to organize a music festival 3. peace in the Democratic Republic of Congo. They decided to hold the event in the 4. (east) city of Goma.
Their first attempt in 2013 was cancelled 5. Goma came under attack. But last year,
25,000 people came to the city to hear their favorite artists play. And this year, some of Africa’s top musicians decided to attend.
The crowd cheered 6. Habib Koite arrived for his performance. The smoke machines fired up. Some people stood one behind another, 7. (form) a line. Thousands of other people ate, drank and danced in the dust.
Vianney Bisimwa was one of the 8. (organizer) of the festival. He says he and other young people wanted to change the image of Goma.
Although the country is known for wars, it is also famous for 9.(it) music. Many local artists sing openly about the conflict. Vianney Bisimwa says this gives people10. chance to express their feelings.
I have recently been reflecting on the secret of our online success. This website has now been in _______ for over twelve years and when my eldest son Jeremy _______ the idea, I wasn’t sure that at the age of 69, I would be able to _______ sufficient interest, or maintain the output of readable material _______to fill the pages!
Now I am delighted to say that at 80, my enthusiasm remains and with the _______ from a number of friends in the storytelling and magic communities, I am now _______ the next level. I must at this point say a big “Thank you!” to our web host Ken Evoy at Site Build it! He has supported us from the very beginning with _______ help and advice and much of the _______ for our success goes to him.
My intention from the start was to _______ a magazine style presentation that was entertaining, and user-friendly. The name ‘The Storytelling Resource Centre’ has kept me ________ and on my toes!
Out of curiosity, we ________ the Alexa Traffic Ratings website. We discovered to our amazement and ________ that we were among the top 1%of websites ________ worldwide! This was almost ________due to Site Build It! and the advice we receive from them.
Those of you who have been ________ visitors over the last few years will have noticed that were-organised the pages with the web host’s ________. The success was immediate! We ________ to receive up-to-the-minute advice from them and we are now one of the most visited storytelling websites! ________, Site Built it! hosts a wonderful forum where everyone is welcomed.
YOUR OWN website, then give yourself a real chance to If you are looking to create or ________, make ________ money! You won’t be disappointed!
1.A. danger B. existence C. dilemma D. power
2.A. considered B. confused C. followed D. suggested
3.A. grow B. arouse C. keep D. catch
4.A. required B. designed C. passed D. supported
5.A. advertisement B. attraction C. promotion D. encouragement
6.A. coming up with B. getting away with C. looking forward to D. holding fast to
7.A. voluntary B. valuable C. individual D. medical
8.A. focus B. reason C. credit D. part
9.A. produce B. direct C. communicate D. ensure
10.A. disappointed B. discouraged C. amused D. motivated
11.A. approached B. accessed C. received D. connected
12.A. delight B. surprise C. sorrow D. anger
13.A. troubled B. built C. visited D. hosted
14.A. heavily B. entirely C. slightly D. seriously
15.A. seasonal B. casual C. rare D. regular
16.A. information B. direction C. intention D. education
17.A. start B. refuse C. continue D. offer
18.A. In addition B. In advance C. For free D. For example
19.A. edit B. comfort C. transform D. improve
20.A. easy B. pocket C. serious D. business
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For generations, people have dreamed of traveling to Mars to explore Earth’s closest planetary neighbor. The American Space Agency, NASA, and other space agencies have announced plans to send people to the Red Planet.1..
In the United States, some volunteers are learning how people will react to months of separation from other humans on a Mars base.2. But actually, they are living in Hawaii. The project is called HI-SEAS. NASA has provided financial support for the work.
Six people are living on a make-believe Mars Base. They are isolated high on top of Mauna Loa, a volcanic mountain on the Big Island of Hawaii, whose environment is as close to Mars as we can find on Earth. 3. When measured from its base, deep in the ocean, Mauna Loa is the second largest mountain in our solar system. Because it is so high, the land is not warm or rich with plants, like the rest of Hawaii. Visually, it is very similar to what you see on Mars. They can walk across red lava rock from the volcano and see the wonderful volcanic material. There is really no visible plant life or animal life.
The six member HI-SEAS crew is mostly self-sufficient. They take care of themselves.4.
But the individuals bringing those supplies cannot communicate with volunteers inside the base. The current crew has been living in the base since October, and will stay until June. Crew members communicate with the outside world through e-mail and blogs. They also produce videos on the YouTube website.5.
Food and supplies are brought to them.
A. But such a manned mission is years away.
B. Mars has the largest volcanic mountain in the solar system.
C. They are spending eight months in an area that looks much like the surface of Mars.
D. Mauna Loa is 2,500 meters above sea level.
E. Conditions on the surface of Mars are closer to the conditions on Earth.
F. For now, on a mountaintop in Hawaii, volunteers are getting a taste of life on a future Mars base.
G. Food and supplies are brought to them.
