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Sailing home, Henry, 1. American busines...

Sailing home, Henry, 1. American businessman, found himself 2.(carry) out to sea by a strong wind. When he had just about to give himself up, he 3.(spot) by a ship and therefore he landed in London 4. accident. Hungry and along, he walked on the streets of the city when he was unexpectedly called into a mansion(宅邸), 5. two rich brothers, Oliver and Roderick, gave him a letter and told him not to open it 6. two o’clock of the day. 7. (know) it was a million pound bank note,Henry left the mansion and went into a cheap restaurant to stuff his stomach. Everybody was rude to him because he was in 8. (rag) and looked depressed. Then, to the surprise of everybody, he handed the owner a million pound bank note to pay for the meal. Seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became polite and tried their best 9. (please) Henry. Don’t you think it’s the most 10. (believe) tale in the world?

 

1.an 2.carried 3.was spotted 4.by 5.where 6.till/until 7.Not knowing 8.rags 9.to please 10.unbelievable 【解析】本文为小说节选。本文节选于马克吐温的《百万英镑》,文章以其略带夸张的艺术手法再现大师小说中讽刺与幽默,揭露了20世纪初英国社会的拜金主义思想。 1.考查不定冠词。此处泛指“一个美国商人”,American是元音音素开头的词,应使用不定冠词an。故填an。 2.考查非谓语动词。find sb. done“发现某人被……”,此处指“他发现自己被一阵强风带到了大海上”。carry与himself为逻辑动宾关系,此处应使用过去分词。故填carried。 3.考查被动语态。根据空后的by a ship可知,此处指“他被一艘轮船发现了”。故填was spotted。 4.考查介词搭配。词组:by accident“偶然地、意外地”。句意:所以他意外地在伦敦登录了。故填by。 5.考查定语从句。此处为定语从句,先行词为a mansion,连词在从句中作地点状语,应使用关系副词。故填where。 6.考查介词搭配。根据语境可知,此处指Oliver和Roderick给了他一封信,告诉他在那一天的两点之间不要打开它。故填till/until。 7.考查非谓语动词。know与主句主语之间为逻辑主谓关系,应使用ing形式;根据语境可知,Herry不知道信里面是一张一百万英镑的支票,他去了一家便宜的餐馆去填饱肚子。故填Not knowing。 8.考查名词单复数。rag的复数表示“破烂的衣服”。句意:每个人都对他很粗鲁,因为他穿着破烂的衣服,看上去很消沉。故填rags。 9.考查固定词组。try one’s best to do“尽最大努力去做……”。故填to please。 10.考查词性转化。句意:你不认为这是世界上最难以置信的故事吗?故填unbelievable。 【名师点睛】 本题第2、7、9小题都属于非谓语动词的范畴,这是历次考试的重点,同时也是同学们难以理解的一个语法知识。现将它们的用法总结如下: 一、非谓语动词种类及句法功能 在英语中,不作句子谓语,而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词,叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词有动词不定式(the Infinitive);动名词(the Gerund);现在分词(the Present Participle);过去分词(the Past Participle). 二、非谓语动词用法: (一)动词不定式:(to)+do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。 1.不定式的形式:(以动词write为例) 否定式:not + (to) do (1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后,例如:I'm glad to meet you. (2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如:The boy pretended to be working hard. (3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如:I regretted to have told a lie. 2.不定式的句法功能: (1)作主语:To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,例如上面两句可用如下形式: It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. (2)作表语:Her job is to clean the hall. (3)作宾语:常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer,,如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面,例如:Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语,如:He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用,如:He gave us some advice on how to learn English. (4)作宾语补足语:在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语,如下动词常跟这种复合宾语:want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite等。此外介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用,如:With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema. 有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用,但改为被动语态时,不定式要加to, 如:I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road. (5)作定语:动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后,与所修饰名词有如下关系:①动宾关系:I have a meeting to attend. 注意:不定式为不及物动词时,所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等,应有必要的介词,如:He found a good house to live in. The child has nothing to worry about. 如果不定式修饰time, place, way,可以省略介词:He has no place to live. 如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者,不定式可用主动式也可用被动式:Have you got anything to send? ②说明所修饰名词的内容:We have made a plan to finish the work. ③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语:He is the first to get here. (6)作状语: ①表目的:He worked day and night to get the money. 注意不定式放句首时,逻辑主语与句子主语要一致: wrong:To save money, every means has been tried. right:To save money, he has tried every means. wrong:To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. right:To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. ②表结果:He arrived late to find the train gone. 常用only放在不定式前表示强调:I visited him only to find him out. ③表原因:They were very sad to hear the news. ④表程度:It's too dark for us to see anything. (7)作独立成分:To tell you the truth, I don't like the way he talked. (8)不定式的省略:保留to省略do动词.If you don't want to do it, you don't need to. (9)不定式的并列:第二个不定式可省略to. He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. (二)动名词:动名词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有名词的句法功能。 1.动名词的形式: 否定式:not + 动名词 (1)一般式:Seeing is believing. 眼见为实. (2)被动式:He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会. (3)完成式:We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影. (4)完成被动式:He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过. (5)否定式:not + 动名词I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告. (6)复合结构:物主代词(或名词所有格)+ 动名词 He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次. 2.动名词的句法功能: (1)作主语:Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的. 当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语.It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的. (2)作表语:In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs. 在蚂蚁王国,蚁后的工作是产卵。 (3)作宾语:They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝. 注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语,如上面的例句。此外,动名词作宾语时,若跟有宾语补足语,则常用形式宾语it,例如:We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。 要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语:enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid(避免), excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit(承认),deny(否认), mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk(冒险), appreciate(感激), be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help(情不自禁地), think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…(from),protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like (4)作定语:He can't walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路. (5)作同位语:The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞,他藏身的地方很秘密. (三)现在分词:现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。 1、现在分词的形式: 否定式:not + 现在分词 (1)现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。例如:They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去. Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球. (2)现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。 The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要. Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍,这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误. 2.现在分词的句法功能: (1)作定语:现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。 In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。 The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。 现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher. (2)现在分词作表语:The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。 be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。 (3)作宾语补足语: 如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语: see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等.例如: Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗? He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着. (4)现在分词作状语: ①作时间状语:(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 在工厂工作时,他是一名先进工人。 ②作原因状语:Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员,他经常帮助他人。 ③作方式状语,表示伴随:He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里,又擦又洗。 ④作条件状语: (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩,你就会浪费宝贵的时间。 ⑤作结果状语:He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了,结果摔得粉碎。 ⑥作目的状语:He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。 ⑦作让步状语:Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 虽然雨下得很大,但不久天就晴了。 ⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格:I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard.我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。 Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises. 如果时间允许,我们将做另两个练习。 有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)+分词形式:With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。 ⑨作独立成分:Judging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看,他一定是个演员。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心。 (四)过去分词:过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成,不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求,要一一记住。 过去分词的句法功能: 1.过去分词作定语:Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。 注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。 2.过去分词作表语:The window is broken. 窗户破了。 注意:be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别: The window is broken.(系表) The window was broken by the boy.(被动) 有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成。如: boiled water(开水) fallen leaves(落叶) newly arrived goods(新到的货) the risen sun(升起的太阳) the changed world(变了的世界) 这类过去分词有:gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。 3.过去分词作宾语补足语:I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语:With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了,他们出去玩去了。 4.过去分词作状语:Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. 受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。(表示原因) Once seen, it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看见,人们就忘不了。(表示时间) Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.如果给予更多的时间,我能做得更好。(表示条件) Though told of the danger, he still risked his life 这就是我之前的教案文档,希望你能喜欢!
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D. The tourists can visit Hampton Court Palace at any time.

3.Which one provides the most thrilling way to see London from the river?

A. Kew Gardens.    B. Canary Wharf Experience.

C. Hampton Court Palace .    D. Kensington Place.

4.What is “Ghost Bus Tours” intended to express?

A. It lets tourists have more fun during their visits in London.

B. It lets tourists know more about London’s history.

C. It shows that there are a lot of unknown secrets in London.

D. It shows that ghost stories are popular in London.

 

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One day,a college student was taking a walk with a professor. As they went along, they saw a pair of old shoes lying in the path. They supposed the shoes belonged to a poor man who was employed in a field close by, and who had nearly finished his day’s word.

    The student turned to the professor, saying, “ Let’s play a trick on him: we can hide his shoes, and hide ourselves behind those bushes, and wait to see his confusion when he cannot find them”.

    “My young friend,” answered the professor, “we should never amuse ourselves at the expense of the poor. But you are rich, and may give yourself a much greater pleasure by helping the poor man. Put a coin into each shoe, and then we hide ourselves and watch how the discovery will affect him.”

    The student did so, and they both placed themselves behind the bushes close by. The poor man soon finished his work, and walked across the field to the path where he had left his coat and shoes.While putting on his cote he slipped his foot into one of his shoes,feeling something hard. He bent down to feel what it was, and found the coin. Astonishment and wonder were seen on his face.

    He fixed his eyes on the coin, turned it round, and looked at it again and again. He then looked on all sides, but no person was seen. He put the money into his pocket, and continued to put on the other shoe, but his surprise was doubled on finding the other coin. His feelings overcame him. He fell upon his knees, looked up to heaven and cried a sincere thanksgiving, in which he spoke of his wife, sick and helpless, and his children without bread, Whom the timely help, from some unknown hand, would save from dying

    The student stood there, deeply affected, and his eyes filled with tears“Now,”said the professor,“aren’t you much more pleased to do than to play your intended trick?”

    The student replied,“You have taught me a lesson which I will never forget.”

1.The student wanted to play a trick on the poor man to ______

A. find the truth    B. show his wisdom

C. amuse himself    D. teach him a lesson

2.After finding the two coins, the man felt______

A. Helpless    B. interested    C. peaceful    D. thankful

3.We can know from the passage that the professor is ______

A. wise    B. rich    C. humorous    D. serious

4.What dose the story intend to tell us

A. A small act of kindness brings great joy

B. God helps those who help themselves

C. Where there is a will, there is a way

D. Actions speak louder than words

 

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