Researchers say current exercise guidelines are unrealistic and argue that doctors should sometimes advise small increases in activity instead. They warn the 150-minute weekly target is beyond the reach of some people — particularly older individuals. And striving to reach these goals could mean the benefits of lighter exercise are overlooked. But public health officials say current recommendations have proven benefits in lowering the risk of heart disease.
There is increasing evidence that inactivity is linked to heart disease, Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病) and some types of cancer. UK guidelines for adults recommend at least two-and-a-half hours of moderate activity a week, in short periods of 10 minutes or more.
But in two separate articles in the BMJ, experts argue the message needs to change, with greater emphasis on making inactive people move more. Prof Philipe de Souto Barreto at the University Hospital of Toulouse, advises people who are sedentary(久坐的) to make small incremental increases in their activity levels — rather than pushing to achieve current goals. He points to previous studies which show even short periods of walking or just 20 minutes of vigorous activity a few times a month can reduce the risk of death, compared to people who do no exercise.
In the second article, Prof Phillip Sparking of the Georgia Institute of Technology, says doctors should tailor their advice — particularly for older patients. He suggests using GP visits for people over 60 to discuss "realistic options" to increase activity — such as getting people to stand up and move during TV commercial breaks.
Prof Kevin Fenton at Public Health England, says: "Everyone needs to be active every day — short periods of 10 or more minutes of physical activity have proven health benefits, but getting 150 minutes or more of moderate activity every week is the amount we need to positively impact on a wide range of health conditions. "This includes reducing the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes."
1.What is the current exercise goal mentioned in the passage?
A. 10-minute exercise. B. 20-minute exercise.
C. 60-minute exercise. D. 150-minute exercise.
2.What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A. A 10-minute exercise has little effect on the health.
B. Heart diseases happen easily to the old in activity.
C. Two-and-a-half hours of exercise is not necessary.
D. Inactivity easily brings about many serious diseases.
3.What is the suggestion of Prof. Philipe de Souto Barreto according to the third paragraph?
A. People should spend less time on exercise.
B. People should lower their activity levels.
C. People should increase exercise properly.
D. People should achieve their current goals.
4.Which of the following is TRUE about current exercise guidelines?
A. They are impractical. B. They are reasonable.
C. They have no effect on us. D. They are popular with people.
Working well in a team requires full cooperation. It’s an important skill for almost every employee to have. Your ability to do your job is dependent upon others getting your work done, and others depend on you to get their work done.
Communicate well. Lack of communication is one of the biggest reasons of a team’s failure. Seek input from team members so they fell like a valuable part of the team. Communication establishes trust among team members. In addition, communicating well can help prevent and resolve conflict. Meet regularly to keep members involved and aware of your work progress. Post decisions where everyone in the team can see them.
Be flexible. In teamwork, priorities and responsibility can change instantly. Stay ready to shift focus. Training team members to be able to do parts of other team member’s jobs can be a valuable part of teamwork; being flexible helps to build appreciation for all the parts of the team.
Meet deadlines. Work hard to ensure you meet established deadlines when you work in a team environment. Others are depending on your work. Negotiate timelines with your teammates at the start of a project. Doing so allows you to have a say in how work gets accomplished.
Establish accountability. All team members must be responsible for the success and failure of the project. Although every team doesn’t need a leader, teams require a formal way to ensure everybody does his part. Try using meetings to report on progress.
Celebrate accomplishments and encourage the team. Senior executives may not always recognize the importance of some team members’ work. Share congratulations at team meetings and talk about whose work are invaluable in helping you get your work done.
1.What can you conclude from the first paragraph?
A. Working in a team means your work is separate.
B. Working in a team means your work is effective.
C. Being a member of a team means your work is independent.
D. Being a member of a team means your work is interdependent.
2.Which of the following deeds does not contribute to effective teamwork?
A. Keeping silent in a team discussion.
B. Being able to do parts of others’ job.
C. Acknowledging others’ work publicly.
D. Holding meetings to report on progress.
3.What does the underline word “accountability” refer to in the fifth paragraph?
A. Success B. Responsibility
C. Insurance D. Community
4.What is the best title of the passage?
A. How to Succeed in Communicating with Others
B. How to Work Effectively in a Team Environment
C. Ways to Work Well in Completing Projects
D. Ways to Improve the Efficiency of Employees
Something Fun
A person is on trial for murder in a court room in Oklahoma. There is strong evidence indicating guilt. However, the body is not found.
In the defense's(辩护）closing statement, the lawyer, knowing that his client is guilty and that it looks like he'll probably be convicted, resorted to a clever trick.
"Ladies and gentlemen of the jury(陪审团), I have a surprise for you all," the lawyer says as he looks at his watch." Within one minute, the person assumed dead in this case will walk into this court room," he says and he looks towards the court-room door. The jury, somewhat surprised, looks at the door eagerly. A minute passes. Nothing happens.
Finally the lawyer says," Actually, I made up the previous statement. But you all waited with expectation. I, therefore, put it to you that there is a reasonable doubt in this case as to whether anyone was killed and insist that you return a verdict(裁决）of no guilty.
The jury, clearly confused, retires to discuss.
A very few minutes later, the jury returned and a representative pronouns a verdict of guilty.
“But how?” inquires the lawyer. “You must have had some doubt; I saw all of you stare at the door.”
Answers the representative, “Oh, we did look. But your client didn’t.”
1.Why was the person on trial according to the passage?
A. Because he couldn’t pay off the debts.
B. Because he was accused of murder.
C. Because he did not pay the tax in time.
D. Because he planned to cheat the jury.
2.Why did the lawyer come up with the trick?
A. To find the body. B. To annoy the jury.
C. To help his client. D. To save himself.
3.Why did the jury look at the door eagerly?
A. The lawyer’s words must be true.
B. They expected his family to come in.
C. They were surprised and taken in by the lawyer.
D. They thought the person on trial was escaping.
4.What did the representative’s answer mean in the last paragraph?
A. They firmly believed that nobody was killed.
B. The behavior of the client gave him away.
C. The jury still needed more evidence to prove it.
D. The lawyer’s words were worth thinking about.
Junot Diaz, The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao
The winner in Culture critics’ survey is Junot Diaz’s first novel, about a bookworm called Oscar, who dreams of finding love. It also was named as the number-one book by the most critics. “It is a big deal for me to fall in love with a book whose topic is science fiction, fantasy and imagination,” says Elizabeth Taylor, the Chicago Tribune’s literary editor.
Edward P. Jones, The Known World
Set in 1855 on the plantation of Henry Townsend——born a slave, now a slave-owner—The Known World is a success, leading readers into a complex moral time without making simple judgments. Facing an early death, Townsend thinks about the future of his 50-acre Virginia plantation and the slaves he treats the way his former owner, now his teacher, taught him.
Hilary Mantel, Wolf Hall
Mantel’s boldly reimagined legend of 16th Century Europe, told from the point of Thomas Cromwell, winning the Man Booker and National Book Critics Circle awards, was adapted to the stage and has been filmed as a new BBC miniseries(短剧). Mary Ann Gwinn, Seattle Times book editor writes, “I have never felt so completely buried into a character’s mind, not to mention a long ago and far-away place.”
Marilynne Robinson, Gilead
Rev John Ames, a small town minister, describes his life and anti-slavery tradition to his young son in beautiful language in this first part of Robinson’s trilogy (along with Home and Lila). “I can’t think of a living novelist who writes more seriously and profoundly about religious faith, which has become an almost forbidden topic in modern literature,” writes Dawn Raffel, who ranked Gilead first on her list. Critic Karen R. Long says, “This multi-generational story tells a desire for transcendence (超越), and makes a case for spiritual life in the 21st century—its own kind of miracle. Gilead will be read in 100 years.”
1.What can we learn from the passage?
A. Oscar likes reading books. B. Townsend worked in a church.
C. Rev John Ames likes farming. D. Thomas Gromwell won an Oscar Award.
2.What does Mary Ann Gwinn think of the book “Wolf Hall”?
A. She thinks it’s too dull. B. She doesn't like the character in the book.
C. She thinks it’s fascinating. D. She doesn’t like some contents in the book.
3.Which of the following books will have a far-reaching influence in the future?
A. Gilead B. Wolf Hall
C. The Known World D. The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao
假如你是李华，你们学校最近开展了创建“平安校园”活动。你们班为此要组织一次主题班会，请你用英语写一篇发言稿，谈一谈你对创建“平安校园”的一些想法。短文应该包括下面的内容：
1.安全意识的重要性；
2.在校内要注意人身安全；
3.运动时要注意安全；
4.同学之间发生矛盾时，一定要保持冷静、理智。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
My dear classmates,
There is no denying that safety play an important part in our daily life. Recently our school has carried out a program aimed at making our campus a safe place to stay on.____________________________________________________
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短文中共有10处错误，错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改,只允许修改10处，多者不计分。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
One Sunday, I was reading my book while it suddenly occurred to me that it was my mother birthday the next day. However, I forgot it complete. I was worried that I didn’t prepare any present to her. At that moment, idea of online shopping came to my mind. I was worried that I didn’t prepare any present to her. At that moment, idea of online shopping came to my mind. I clicked the mouse and search some famous shopping websites. Having compared the price of many dress, I chose one with a reasonable price which I supposed my mum would appreciate it and bought it as soon as possible. The next day I received the dress as expected without get out of my room. You see, online shopping is very convenient that it has made our life colorful.
