Question

A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don't start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to make sure bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically these sleepyhead students aren't used to the early hour. "Maybe these kids are being asked to get up at the wrong time for their bodies, " says Mary Carskadon, a professor looking at problems of adolescent sleep at Brown's School of Medicine.

Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents. And , at a more basic level, she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns. Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought. Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at night and sleep later in the morning. But it's not just a matter of choice—their bodies are going through a change of sleep patterns.

All of this makes the change from middle school to high school—which may start one hour earlier in the morning—all the more difficult, Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the "sleep late, rise late" pattern, adolescents are up against difficulties when it comes to trying to be up by 5 or 6 a. m. for a 7: 30 a. m. first bell. A short sleep on a desktop may be their bodies' way of saying, "I need a timeout. "

1.Carskadon suggests that high schools should not start classes so early in the morning because ________.

A. it is really tough for parents to ensure bedtime

B. students are so lazy that they don't like to go to school early

C. students work so late at night that they can't get up early

D. it is biologically difficult for students to rise early

2.The underlined phrase "nod off"(Paragraph l) most probably means "________".

A. turn around    B. agree with others

C. fall asleep    D. refuse to work

3.What might be a reason for the hard change from middle school to high school?

A. Adolescents depend more on their parents.

B. Adolescents need more sleep than they used to.

C. Adolescents sleep better than they did at childhood.

D. Adolescents have to choose their sleep patterns.

4.What is the text mainly about?

A. Changes in adolescent sleep needs and patterns.

B. Problems in adolescent learning.

C. Adolescent sleep difficulties.

D. Adolescent heath care.

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.B

4.A

【解析】研究表明，由于生理原因和生活模式的改变，由初中到高中，青少年们需要更多的睡眠，早起更困难，所以学生们不应该早上上课太早。

1.D细节推理题。根据第一段Instead, it may be that biologically these sleepyhead students aren't used to the early hour.可知，Carskadon认为学生们不应该早上上课太早，原因是这些上课打瞌睡的学生生理上不适应早起，故选D。

2.C猜测词义题。句意：并不是在课桌上打盹的学生懒惰。nod off “打盹” 与C项同义，故选C。

3.B推理判断题。根据第二段Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought.和最后一段All of this makes the change from middle school to high school—which may start one hour earlier in the morning-all the more difficult,及With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the "sleep late , rise late" pattern, adolescents are up against difficulties几处可知，由初中到高中，青少年们需要更多的睡眠，早起更困难。故选B。

4.A主旨大意题。本文讲述了研究表明，由于生理原因和生活模式的改变，由初中到高中，青少年们需要更多的睡眠，早起更困难，所以学生们不应该早上上课太早。故选A。