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The Science of Risk-Seeking Sometimes We...

The Science of Risk-Seeking

Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. 1.Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.

The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring.2.As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.

So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. 3.

No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. 4.To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.

5.,for the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.

As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.

A. It all depends on your character.

B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.

C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.

D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.

E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.

F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.

G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.

 

1.F 2.C 3.A 4.E 5.G 【解析】试题分析:文章讲述了人们喜欢冒险的来源和科学依据.人们都喜欢冒险,因为风险也意味着回报.生活中人们喜欢做一些让别人意外和害怕的事,这和人的大脑有关. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 【名师点睛】 七选五的解题技巧 1、先看选项。跟完形填空不一样,七选五的答案选项较少,并且给出的都是句子,因此,我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外,通过阅读选项,有可能找出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子,这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。 2、再看空前空后。由于七选五空出的是整个句子,而这些句子与句子之间,必然有一种联系,因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性,从而选择正确的答案。 3、注意代词或定冠词。在做这类题目的时候,一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词,因为我们知道,代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的,然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型,我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。 4、注意一些特殊疑问词。如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词,一定要把这句话仔细读几遍,因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的,比如对why的回答,后面要有because等表原因的词,对when的回答,后面要有表时间的状语,对where的回答,后面要有表地点的名词,对how的回答,后面要有方式状语等。 5、注意一些连词。如一些表示转折的连词,but,However,yet,though,nevertheless等,另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and,also,as well as,neither nor,either or,not only...but also,on one hand....on the other hand等。因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系,通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。 考点:考查信息匹配
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Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.

Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(展示) a small robotic wheelchair directed by a person's thoughts.

In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.

"Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord(脊髓) to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles, "Tavella says. "Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices."

The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.

Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. "The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair."

He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.

1.BCI is a technology that can ________.

A. help to update computer systems

B. link the human brain with computers

C. help the disabled to recover

D. control a person's thoughts

2.How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?

A. By controlling his muscles.

B. By talking to the machine.

C. By moving his hand.

D. By using his mind.

3.Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?

A. scalp →computer→ cap→ wheelchair

B. computer →cap→ scalp→ wheelchair

C. scalp →cap→ computer →wheelchair

D. cap →computer →scalp →wheelchair

 

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More students than ever before are taking a gap year(间隔年) before going to university. It used to be the “year off” between school and university. The gap-year phenomenon originated(起源) with the months left over to    Oxbridge applicants between entrance exams in November and the start of the next academic year.

This year, 25,310 students who have accepted places in higher education institutions have put off their entry until next year, according to statistics on university entrance provided by the University and College Admissions Service (UCAS).

That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said.

But not everyone is happy. Owain James, the president of the National Union of Students (NUS), argued that the increase is evidence of student hardship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacating periods,” he said.

1.What do we learn about the gap year from the text?

A. It is flexible in length.

B. It is a time for relaxation

C. It is increasingly popular

D. It is required by universities

2.According to Tony Higgins, students taking a gap year ____.

A. are better prepared for college studies

B. know a lot more about their future job

C. are more likely to leave university in debt

D. have a better chance to enter top universities

3.How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon?

A. He’s puzzled    B. He’s worried

C. He’s surprised    D. He’s annoyed

4.What would most students do on their vacation according to NUS statistics?

A. Attend additional courses.

B. Make plans for the new term

C. Earn money for their education

D. Prepare for their graduate studies

 

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In ancient Egypt, a shopkeeper discovered that he could attract customers to his shop simply by making changes to its environment. Modern businesses have been following his lead, with more tactics(策略).

One tactic involves where to display the goods. Foe example, stores place fruits and vegetables in the first section. They know that customers who buy the healthy food first will feel happy so that they will buy more junk food(垃圾食品)later in their trip. In department stores, section is generally next to the women’s cosmetics(化妆品) sectionwhile the shop assistant is going back to find the right size shoe, bored customers are likely to wander over cosmetics they might want to try later.

Besides, businesses seek to appeal to customers’ senses. Stores notice that the smell of baked goods encourages shopping, they make their own bread each morning and then fan the bread smell into the store throughout the day. Music sells goods, too. Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played, sales of French wine went up.

When it comes to the selling of houses, businesses also use highly rewarding tactics. They find that customers make decision in the first few second upon walking in the door, and turn it into a business opportunity. A California builder designed the structure of its houses smartly. When entering the house, the customer would see the Pacific Ocean through the windows, and then the poll through an open stairway leading to the lower level. The instant view of water on both levels helped sell these $10 million houses.

1.Why do stores usually display fruits and vegetables in the first section?

A. To save customers times.

B. To show they are high quality foods.

C. To help sell junk food.

D. To sell them at discount prices.

2.According to Paragraph 3, which of the following encourages customers to buy?

A. Opening the store early in the morning.

B. Displaying British wines next to French ones.

C. Inviting customers to play music.

D. Filling the store with the smell of fresh bread.

3.What is the California builder’s story intended to prove?

A. The house structure is a key factor customers consider.

B. The more costly the house is, the better it sells.

C. An ocean view is much to the customers’ taste.

D. A good first impression increases sales.

4.What is the main purpose of the passage?

A. To explain how businesses turn people into their customers.

B. To introduces how businesses have grown from the past.

C. To report researches on customer behavior.

D. To show dishonest business practices.

 

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Welcome to the Electronic Village to explore new ways of language teaching and learning.

Electronic Village Program(Thursday, June 18, 2015

Nearpod

9:00 am to 10:00 am

Room 501

Nearpod is a software program that creates a rich context (语境) for students to learn vocabulary. The presenter will show how to use it.

TEO

2:00 pin to 3:00 pm

Room 502

Our students come from different backgrounds but have the same desire to learn on-line. The presenter will use examples from his first on-line class to explain how any teacher can begin teaching on-line with TEO.

Kahoot

10:30 am to 11:30 am

Room 601

Kahoot software can be used to create grammar tests which can be graded on a network. It can provide students with instant feedback (反馈),  including reports about their strengths and weaknesses.

Prezi

3:30 pm to 4:20 pm

Room 602

Uses of Prezi in listening and speaking courses draw students' attention to speaking more fluently. The presenter will show how students can use Prezi to confidently present on a variety of topics, including introducing family, friends, and hobbies.

 

 

1.Nearpod can be used to ______.

A. offer grammar tests    B. teach listening on-line

C. help vocabulary learning    D. gain fluency in speaking

2.If you want to improve your speaking skills, you can go to____________.

A. Room 501    B. Room 502    C. Room 601    D. Room 602

3.Which of the following can assess your grammar learning?

A. Nearpod.    B. Kahoot.    C. TEO.    D. Prezi.

4.A teacher who wants to learn on-line teaching ia expected to arrive by ______.

A. 9:00 am    B. 10:30 am    C. 2:00 pm    D. 3:30 pm

 

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假定你是李华,你和你的朋友打算在学校创办一个英语读书俱乐部,请写信给你的美国朋友Peter,介绍一下俱乐部的创办目的和运作情况,希望对方提出建议。

注意:1.词数100左右,文章开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter

How is everything going? I'm writing to ask you some advice on our English reading club

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Looking forward to your early reply.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

 

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