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If we stand on a city street and looking up at the sky, the stars seems dim or far away. The lights of city blind us. Tall buildings shut out great parts of the sky.
But let us go out and climb a hill on a clear summer night. The city’s lights and buildings left far behind. The sky seems like a soft blue curtain over our heads. And the stars are like diamond twinkling in the sky.
As we stand looking upward, we are doing something which men have been doing from the beginning of history. Wisely men and shepherds looked in wonder at the same pinpoints of light thousands of years ago. What were they made of? How did they come to be up there in the sky?
People watched the heavens to find answers of these questions. The study of stars is the old of all sciences.
She just makes Jell-O
While my 89-year-old grandmother, Donna, doesn’t bother to remember small details like who I am or why I’m at her house, she 1. (vivid) recalls conversations we may or may not have had many years ago. Obviously, while 2. (make) uncomfortable small talk over dinner, I once said, “This Jell-O is good.” She took that to mean, “This is my favorite food of all time, and if you don’t continue to make it, I will burn down 3. (you) house.” The next time I visited, she had a bowl of orange Jell-O with 4. (orange) in it just for me. I had to be polite, so I 5. (eat) it all. She took that to mean I didn’t think there was enough, so the next time, she made even 6. (much). For each visit since 7. , she’s made larger quantities of such food. Even worse, the rest of my family stop eating any of it 8.they think it’s funny to watch me jam a cubic yard of gelatin(果冻) down my throat. They won’t be 9. （laugh）when I die from overeating. Actually, they probably 10. , especially when my grandma makes a basin of Jell-O as the funeral food.
J. K. Rowling: The Wizard Behind Harry Potter
J. K. Rowling was born as Joanne Rowling on July 31, 1965 in England. At age four, Rowling and her family _____ to Winterbourne. It was here that she met a brother and sister who lived in her neighborhood with the last ______Potter. During her childhood, Rowling _____writing and story-telling.
Pressured by her parents to _______ a secretary, Rowling attended the university of Exeter beginning at age 18 and studied French. After college, Rowling stayed in London and worked at several jobs.
While on a train from Manchester to London in 1990, Rowling came up with the ________for Harry Potter. Pen-less at the time, Rowling spent the remainder of her train-ride ________about the story and began to write it down as soon as she arrived home.
Rowling ________ to write snippets about Harry and Hogwarts, but wasn’t done with the book when her mother died on December 30, 1990. Her mother’s death hit Rowling _______ . In a (an) _______ to escape the sorrow, Rowling accepted a job teaching English in Portugal.
In Portugal, Rowling met Jorge Arantes and the two married on October 16, 1992. _______the marriage proved a bad one, the couple had one child together, Jessica. After getting ________ in 1993, Rowling and her daughter moved to Edinburgh to be near Rowling’s sister.
Before starting another full-time job, Rowling was determined to finish her Harry Potter manuscript. ______ she had completed it, she sent it to several literary ______ . After a year of searching and a number of publishers turning it _______ , the agent finally found a publisher _____ to print the book.
Rowling’s fist Harry Potter book, Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone became hugely popular, attracting ________ of young boys and girls as well as adults. With the public demanding ________ , Rowling quickly got to work on the _______ six books, with the last one published in July 2007.
In 1998, Warner Bros. bought the film ________ and since then ________ popular movies have been made of the books. From the book, the films, and the merchandise bearing Harry Potter images, Rowling has become one of the richest people in the world.
1.A. carried B. moved C. sent D. lived
2.A. family B. member C. name D. sign
3.A. loved B. preferred C. chose D. handed
4.A. change B. share C. assume D. become
5.A. method B. score C. concept D. possibility
6.A. declaring B. making C. dreaming D. managing
7.A. continued B. checked C. exchanged D. practiced
8.A. peacefully B. easily C. tensely D. hard
9.A. plan B. question C. ambition D. attempt
10.A. Instead B. Although C. Therefore D. However
11.A. divorced B. beaten C. ached D. thrown
12.A. While B. Once C. Before D. Since
13.A. agents B. subjects C. volunteers D. readers
14.A. off B. up C. down D. over
15.A. wondering B. aiming C. looking D. willing
16.A. reporter B. partner C. audience D. friend
17.A. more B. better C. longer D. thinner
18.A. last B. whole C. rest D. next
19.A. powers B. rights C. guidance D. leaders
20.A. directly B. extremely C. separately D. eventually
High school students and families are increasingly questioning whether investing in a college or university education is still worth it.
The short answer is “Yes.” 1. A wide range of statistics shows the economic advantage of a four-year college education. Over a lifetime, students who graduate from college can expect to make about 60% more than those who do not, well over a million dollars more than they would otherwise. 2. They vote more often, volunteer more often and are more likely to own a home. They are healthier and less likely to smoke. They and their children are less likely to be overweight, and their children are more likely to go to college.
But what about the benefits of college that are more difficult to measure? 3.
College takes students to places they’ve never been before. College is a passport to different places, different times, and different ways of thinking. It gives students a chance to understand themselves differently, seeing how their lives are both like and unlike those who inhabited other times and other lands. 4.
College introduces students to people they’ve never met before. One of the most important ways in which students learn, at colleges and universities everywhere, is by communicating with people who are different from themselves both inside and outside of the classroom.
5. No one doubts the value of speed, connectivity (网络连通性) and the virtual world in an economy that enjoys all three. But “thinking” is a word that is too often forgotten in our rush to communicate faster and left behind as our brains struggle to keep up with our devices (设备). College teaches students to change information to insight and knowing to understanding, preparing students for lifetime of considering information and growing in knowledge and in wisdom.
Higher education is valued by people who dream bigger and achieve more, who create their own futures, and shape their own destinies.
A. There is no doubt that college pays off financially.
B. College teaches students the virtue of slowing down.
C. College graduates also tend to lead more active lives.
D. Education encourages people to live healthier and longer lives.
E. College opens minds and worlds in ways that are beyond measurement.
F. For many of us, it is the best chance we will have to follow our curiosity.
G. They are equally significant and add up to a lot of value over the course of a lifetime.
The language we use affects the decisions we make, according to a new study. Participants made more reasonable decisions when money-related choices were given in a foreign language that they had learned in a classroom setting than when they were asked in a native tongue.
To study how language affects reasoning, University of Chicago psychologists looked at a well-known phenomenon: people are more risk-taking when a decision irrelevant to their own feelings (such as which medicine to give to a sick elephant) is presented in terms of a potential gain than when it is framed as a potential loss even when the outcomes are the same. In the study, native English speakers who had learned Japanese, native Korean speakers who had learned English and native English speakers studying French in Paris all showed the expected tendency when they were asked the question in their native tongue. In their foreign language, however, the tendency disappeared.
A second set of experiments tested another cognitive (认知的) prejudice –we expect a personal loss will be more painful than the same amount of gain will be pleasant, so the benefit of winning must be disproportionately large for us to take a bet(打赌) (such as gambling with our own money). Again, the foreign-language effect was obvious in two different experiments, one with native Korean speakers and one with native English speakers. The Koreans took more theoretical bets in English than Korean, and the native English speakers took more real bets in Spanish than they did in English.
“When people use a foreign language, their decisions tend to be less prejudiced, more analytic, more systematic, because the foreign language provides psychological distance,” lead author Boaz Keysar suggests. Cognitive prejudices are rooted in emotional reactions, and thinking in a foreign language helps us disconnect from these emotions and make decisions in a more economically reasonable way. This study did not consider, however, the cases in which emotional engagement improves, rather than prevents, our choices: “We have an emotional system for a good reason,” Keysar says.
1.What is the foreign language effect discussed in this passage?
A. People make more reasonable decisions in a foreign language than in their native tongues.
B. Foreign languages play more important roles in making decisions than native languages do.
C. Emotional engagement can prevent reasonable decision makings but improve them as well.
D. Cognitive prejudices are more likely to appear in a foreign language than in a native tongue.
2.What does the underlined sentence mean?
A. People need to win a large sum of money before they decide to take a bet.
B. People are advised not to take a bet if they are not ready for the pain of losing.
C. People don’t take a bet unless they would win much more than they would lose.
D. People will feel more pleasant winning a bet than winning a large sum of money.
3.According to Keysar, what is the reason of the foreign language effect in this research?
A. Foreign languages have great effect on decision makings.
B. People are less prejudiced when thinking in a foreign language.
C. People are more risk-taking in a foreign language environment.
D. Personal feelings have little influence in foreign language thinking.
As an elementary school student in New York City, Robert Lee would stare in disbelief at his classmates throwing away half-eaten sandwiches after lunch. His Korean immigrant parents had taught him and his older brother not to waste food.
While studying finance and accounting at New York University, Robert remembered this lesson and joined Two Birds One Stone, a food-rescue club on campus that delivered, five days a week, uneaten pasta, vegetables, and other leftovers from the dining hall to nearby homeless shelters.
When Robert and fellow club member Louisa Chen entered a college entrepreneurship（创业） contest, they proposed a slightly different idea for a food-rescue nonprofit group: Their program wouldn’t have a donation minimum (meaning they would gladly pick up one bag of leftover bagels or a single pot of soup), would operate seven days a week, and would be run entirely by volunteers.
Their idea won the competition. With the $1,000 prize, they founded Rescuing Leftover Cuisine (RLC) in July 2013. In just the first few weeks, Robert’s team delivered a donation of enough spaghetti and meatballs to feed 20 people in line at a New York City homeless shelter that had run out of food.
Robert, who had taken a job at J.P. Morgan, devoted his spare time to creating a network of New York City restaurants that agreed to donate food, and he found volunteers to make food deliveries to homeless shelters. After RLC received national press attention, homeless shelters and soup kitchens in Portland, Oregon, Washington, DC and other cities reached out to Robert for partnership advice. To date, RLC has distributed more than 250,000 pounds of food in 12 cities around the country.
Only a year into his finance job, Robert gave up his six-figure salary to focus on RLC. “I compared one hour of impact at J.P. Morgan to one hour at RLC, and the difference was just huge,” he says. He’s now the group’s only full-time employee.
“One shelter recently told us that our donations allow them to provide entire dinners for more than 300 people, three nights a week,” Robert says. “Things like that make me glad I quit my job.”
1.Which of the following statements about RLC is NOT true?
A. It became successful immediately.
B. It has attracted nationwide attention.
C. It was started from a food-rescue club.
D. It delivers food to shelters by volunteers.
2.Where did Robert get the money to found RLC?
A. He saved money in college.
B. He won the prize at a competition.
C. He borrowed money from his friend
D. He received donations from restaurants.
3.Why did Robert quit his job at J.P. Morgan?
A. He couldn’t make as much money as he hoped.
B. The job at J.P. Morgan takes too much of his time.
C. RLC needs a full-time employee to develop its business.
D. Working for RLC is more meaningful than for J.P. Morgan
4.According to Robert, which of the following words best describes the job at RLC?
A. rewarding B. surprising
C. tiring D. exciting
