Question

Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety training she received during her apprenticeship(学徒期) as a union painter and dry waller(筑墙工). On Friday morning, she was thanking God she had it.

On Thursday night, while Pina was babysitting her granddaughter, nephew and two nieces in her sister’s apartment, she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire. When her 4-year-old granddaughter Ilean Garcia began saying, “We’re going to die,” she knew she had to act. Pina, 39, first sealed the door, and then told all four children to get on the floor. After calling 911, she told the children to start singing and promised them all treats as soon as they reached safety. “I said, ‘OK, we’re going to lie down and we’re all going to play a game,’” Pina said. “We all started singing our ABCs and 123s. I was just trying to make it fun.” Pina patiently waited, and a few minutes later, Riverside County sheriff’s deputies (治安官的助手) arrived. Pina, Ilean, 8-year-old Gabriel Parga, 5-year-old Aubreyana Parga and 4-year-old Meriyah Parga were all trapped on the second floor as flames filled the first story. Pina did the only thing she could. She opened the window and dropped the children, one-by-one, into the arms of the sheriff’s deputies about 15 to 20 feet below. “I just needed to keep the kids calm so they wouldn’t be afraid,” Pina said. “I was deathly afraid inside, but I couldn’t let them know that.” Not long after dropping the children out of the window, fire-fighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her. Ten people were treated at the scene for suffering smoke, but nobody was seriously injured.

1.What is the passage mainly about?

A. A big fire without serious injury.

B. An urgent call 911.

C. A brave babysitter.

D. A babysitter rescuing kids from a big fire.

2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 mean?

A. A union painter.    B. A dry waller.

C. The apprenticeship.    D. The fire safety training.

3.What did Lisa Pina do before she called 911，in order to prevent the fire?

A. She let children get on the floor.

B. She opened the windows of the second floor.

C. She had children start singing.

D. She closed the door hard.

4.What do we know according to the passage?

A. The fire didn’t cause any injury.

B. Lisa Pina was the last one to be rescued.

C. The children were sent to hospital after the fire.

D. During the fire Lisa Pina wasn’t afraid at all.

Answer

根据①②③总结概括文章☞D选项D. A babysitter rescuing kids from a big fire.

【解析】本文叙述了主人翁Lisa Pina利用自己在火灾安全培训中学到的知识，在大火中成功营救了多个孩子。

1.D主旨大意题。通览全文可知，本文叙述了主人翁Lisa Pina利用自己在火灾安全培训中学到的知识，在大火中成功营救了多个孩子。故选D。

2.D 推理判断题。结合全文内容可知，幸亏她学了些火灾安全知识，才能够营救那么多孩子。故it代指上文提到的the fire safety training。故选D。

3.D细节理解题。根据第二段Pina, 39, first sealed the door, and then told all four children to get on the floor. After calling 911…可知，在拨打911前，Lisa Pina先把门封住。故选D。

4.B细节理解题。根据第二段Not long after dropping the children out of the window, firefighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her一句可知，Lisa Pina是最后一个被从火灾中救出来的。故选B。

【名师点睛】

主旨大意题主要的解题策略有：

（1）标题类。文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。

（2）主旨类。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。例如文章的第1小题：

此题属于主旨大意中的（2）主旨类。答案需要理解文章后归纳文章中心。

【答案定位】根据第一段中Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety training she received during her apprenticeship(学徒期) as a union painter and dry waller(筑墙工)。第二段的On Thursday night, while Pina was babysitting her granddaughter, nephew and two nieces in her sister’s apartment, she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire最后一段中的Not long after dropping the children out of the window, fire-fighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her可知，Lisa在做保姆时用她在学徒时学的火灾安全训练知识救了孩子们。

【推理关系】题干What is the passage mainly about?.☞文章内容①Lisa Pina never thought she would need the fire safety training she received during her apprenticeship(学徒期) as a union painter and dry waller.②On Thursday night,while Pina was babysitting her granddaughter,nephew and two nieces in her sister’s apartment,she smelled smoke and realized the apartment building was on fire③. Not long after dropping the children out of the window,fire-fighters arrived with a ladder and rescued her☞概括总结☞保姆在火灾中救了孩子们。 ☞主旨。