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文中共有10处语言错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词...

文中共有10处语言错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Dear David,

Sorry to learn that you’ve put on weight. Eat too much food in McDonald’s and KFC must be the reason, I guess.

You have to realize that food is not always as healthy as was said in the advertisements. If you know much about them, we will find fried chicken and French fries are rich in fat, sugar and salt. They can make you to gain weight and become sick.

That you ought to have every day are noodles, rice, fruit and vegetables rather than the junk food. Energy-giving food, body-building food and protective food makes up a balanced diet. In word, you must have an idea of how a healthy diet should be and stick to it.

I hope my advices can help you improve your health.

Yours,

Li Ming

 

【解析】第一处:考查动名词。由句子剩余部分:must be the reason,可知这里缺少主语成分,动词作名词要加“ing”变为动名词形式,故要将eat改为eating。 第二处:考查时态。文章整体以一般现在时态呈现,这里使用一般过去时十分突兀并且在这里没有理由使用一般过去时,故要将was改为is。 第三处:考查比较级。more是much的比较级表示更多。此处表示如果你对它们了解的更多的话,你会发现炸鸡和薯条含油脂,糖以及盐非常多,故要将much改为more。 第四处:考查主语。因为主句和从句的主语要一致,故要将we改为you。 第五处:考查固定用法。make的用法是make+sb.+do+sth.,所以要去掉助动词to。 第六处:考查宾语从句。动词have之后缺少宾语,所以要使用疑问代词what放在句子开头引导宾语从句,故要将that改为what。 第七处:考查动词原形。food虽然为不可数名词,但在此处罗列了三种种类的食物,所以主语是这三种种类的食物而不只是食物,因此要使用动词原形,故要将makes改为make。 第八处:考查固定词组。in a word是固定词组,表示总而言之,故要在in后加a。 第九处:考查宾语从句。从句should be后缺少宾语,所以要使用what引导宾语从句,故要将how改为what。 第十处:考查不可数名词。advice为建议的意思,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故要将advices改为advice。 【名师点睛】 短文改错常出现的错误以及常用的技巧: (一)动词形:主要包括两类错误:动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一致的错误。动词形常见错误: 1) 一般过去时与一般 现在时错用。2)第三人称单数形式错用。 2) and 前后动词时态不一致。(and具有对称性) 4) 主谓不一致。5) 缺少谓语动词(尤其缺be动词) 6) 主动语态与被动语态错用 7)Used to 的运用错误 (二)名词数:指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。改正方法:1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份.2)根据上下文的逻辑关系. (三)还要注意形和副:注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。命题特点及改正方法:主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。根据adj或adv的基本用法确定错误;修饰连系动词或名词用形容词;修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。 (四)非谓语,细辨别:这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词,动名词和不定式错误。1)不定式2)动名词作主语、宾语3)and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致(尤其距离较远时) 4)现在分词和过去分词的区别等。 (五)习惯用法要记住:主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识,其错误表现形式主要有三种:多词、少词和搭配错误。 (六)句子成分多分析:不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误。 (七)逻辑错误须关注:与句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,属于逻辑性错误,如称谓上的张冠李戴。 (八)冠词连词常光顾:常考的错误形式有:连词but, and, or和so的用法错误,以及冠词的用法错误等。例如: 1.文章第二处错误,考查到了(一)动词形中的1) 一般过去时与一般 现在时错用,由于文章整体以一般现在时态呈现,这里使用一般过去时十分突兀并且在这里没有理由使用一般过去时,故要将was改为is。 2. 文章第八处错误,考查到了(五)习惯用法中少词的错误。in a word是固定词组,表示总而言之,in和word之间缺少a,故要在in后加a。 3. 文章第十处错误,考查到了(二)名词数:名词单、复数形式的用法错误。advice为建议的意思,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故要将advices改为advice。  
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