Question

On April 14th, 2010, my entire life changed in an instant. One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine. The next moment, metal, flesh and bone were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash. Another cyclist, biking carelessly, had cut me off and sent me supermanning toward oncoming traffic.

As if to symbolize the accident that had hit my life, another disaster also occurred on April 14th, 2010. It cost the airline industry ＄l.7 billion. Ten million travelers were stuck for days. Economies all over the world were disturbed. This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull, one of Iceland’s many volcanoes.

However, volcanoes are not all bad. In fact, they are necessary. They are responsible for the birth of new earth, and for the creation of rich soil. This eruption gave off 0.15 million tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere daily. But cancelling 48% of the worlds flight travel saved about 2.8 million tons of CO₂ from entering the atmosphere，temporarily decreasing our carbon footprint.

Similarly, the accident had badly affected my emotion but it also allowed me to look more closely inside myself and discover things about myself I never would have realized. I learned how not to judge myself for my new limitations.

In 1973, another Icelandic volcano, Eldfell, broke out. Icelanders decided to bomb it with cold water until it froze and chose a different path. After their plan worked，they used the geothermal (地热) energy for the next 15 years to heat their homes. A good example of life bringing lemons, and making lemonade! One must move on from misfortunes, focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.

I ran from April 14th, 2010, to every kind of escape. Eventually I ended up in university for a new-found love in Earth sciences.

1.What happened to the writer on April 14th, 2010?

A. He was involved in a car crash.

B. He was stuck in Iceland’s airport.

C. He witnessed a volcanic eruption.

D. He was badly injured on a bike ride.

2.Which was an effect of the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull?

A. Economy was cost globally by the eruption.

B. Carbon dioxide was increased temporarily.

C. The earth in Ireland was terribly polluted.

D. Most of the world’s planes were held up.

3.Why did the writer mention the Eldfell volcano?

A. It broke out in Iceland on April 14th as well.

B. It symbolized the accident that changed his life.

C. It encouraged him to know more about himself.

D. It told us to make the most of given situation.

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A. Inspiration from Disasters    B. Escape from Volcanoes

C. Love for Earth Science    D. Attitude towards Nature

Answer

1.D

2.A

3.D

4.A

【解析】这是一篇关于从灾难中获得启示的文章，主要讲了虽然发生在作者生命当中的灾难事故给其带来了巨大的冲击，但也从中得到启示，要在灾难中前进，并非所有的灾难都带来负面的效果。

1.考查文章细节理解，根据文中第一段“One moment I was joyfully riding through the sunshine. The next moment, metal,flesh,and bone were spreading against the pavement in a thunderous crash. ”可知，作者在前一时刻还在快乐地穿越阳光骑行，下一时刻就发生了震耳欲聋的车祸，金属、血肉、还有骨头在人行道上横飞，所以作者是在骑车过程中严重受伤，故选D.

2.考查文章细节理解，根据文中第二段“Economies all over the world were disturbed. This was the eruption of Eyjafjallajokull, one of Iceland’s many volcanoes.”可知，Eyjafjallajokull火山的爆发，使得全球的经济受到了打击，故选A.

3.考查文章细节推断，根据文中倒数第二段“One must move on from misfortunes, focusing only on the present moment and being hopeful for the future.”可知，提到Eldfell火山是为了告诉人们在不幸当中继续前行，关注于现在，寄希望于未来，故选D.

4.考查文章主旨大意，文中前两段讲述了让我生活遭受重击的两个灾难：车祸以及火山爆发，但从第三段开始斗转直下，“However, volcanoes are not all bad. In fact, they are necessary. They are responsible for the birth of new earth, and for the creation of rich soil”,告诉我们并不是所有的火山都是不好的，实际上火山爆发是必要的，它可以促进土壤的新生，可以创造出肥沃的土壤，接着又举例说明了Eyjafjallajokull火山以及Eldfell火山的爆发带来的益处，最后告诉我们要着眼于现在，在灾难中前行，故选A.

【名师点睛】文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。

例如：第一篇文章中的第2小题属于细节理解中的（一一对应型），与题目相关的原文是Targeted readers: Kids who like animals and nature will be sure to find this book exciting. 题目是nature lovers will be sure to take interest in…所以，很容易找出两者是一一对应的关系: kids who like animals and nature→nature lovers从而迅速找出答案.

第三篇文章中的第1小题，属于文章细节理解中（2）类语言转述型，原文中的句子是“While help has always been available for Emma, Alison and her husband also have to fight to get Cameron the support he needs. ”，间接对应了选项C中“Both Cameron and Emma need parental support.” .对原文句子的转述表达.

第三篇文章的第4小题，属于文章细节理解中的（4)类是非辨别型，“三误一正”，需要学生综合辨别排除，根据文中第一句”As her son Cameron sits at his laptop completing a task for his math degree course, Alison Thompson，a full-time mum，is busy helping her daughter Emma (two years younger than Cameron) get dressed“可知，Emma还没有学会照顾她自己，故排除A. 根据文中第二段： Cameron’s ability didn’t become clear until he began primary school. 可知，Cameron的天赋直到初中才展现出来，故排除B.根据文中第三段Bethany, another daughter of Alison, is bright too but not gifted 可知，这个家的三个孩子并非每一个都有天赋，故排除C, 故选D.