Question

Clean water is not only important for food production, but necessary for our life. However, large numbers of people in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa are going without. The World Health Organization reports that almost 4,000 children die each day for dirty water or lack of water.

Agriculture is the primary user of water at 70–85% of fresh water in the world. Industrial uses of water don’t often come to mind, but you may be surprised to know that industry uses 59% of the water supply in developed countries.

Home use takes up only 8% in the world. But as cities grow, the local government has to cut down on water use. Many cities are turning to privatization (私有化) of water as a method of controlling use. The poor are paying as much as a quarter of their monthly income for water in some developing countries.

In 60% of large European cities, groundwater is being used at a faster rate. People are saving water by simply using less and being careful with what they do use. Sometimes it’s as simple as not throwing out water that they could use elsewhere.

In Australia overuse of water has always been a problem. The Australian government has encouraged households and industries to collect rainwater and reuse water from showers. Technology is helping householders for shower and bath water for reuse in toilets or gardens.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has made a water saving program designed to encourage families and businesses to examine their water use and save more water. Good water management has been considered by scientists and the UN as the key to solving the water problem. We can all work together to protect our valuable water in our daily life.

1.In developed countries, most water is used by ______.

A. industry    B. agriculture

C. families    D. businesses

2.To save water, what do Australians and Europeans both choose to do?

A. Find more groundwater.

B. Make good use of rainwater.

C. Encourage people to have fewer showers

D. Recycle water for a second use.

3.According to scientists, to deal with water shortage, the most important is to ______.

A. popularize privatization of water

B. cut down on water use at home

C. have good control over water use

D. introduce water-saving technologies

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Water—the source of all lives

B. Save water, save the world

C. New ways to save water

D. Water and people’s health

Answer

总结概括文章☞B. Save water, save the world.

【解析】试题分析：文章主要讲述干净的水不仅对粮食生产是重要的而且是人们的生活必需品。然而在亚洲和非洲的很多人没有足够的干净水。每天都有儿童死于肮脏的水或水的缺乏。为了解决这个问题，世界上很多国家采取一定的措施来合理利用水资源。科学家认为良好的水资源管理办法是解决问题的关键。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段的句子but you may be surprised to know that industry uses 59% of the water supply in developed countries.可知在发达国家大部分水用于工业。故选A。

2.细节理解题。根据第四段的句子Sometimes it’s as simple as not throwing out water that they could use elsewhere.和第五段的句子The Australian government has encouraged households and industries to collect rainwater and reuse water from showers.可知澳大利亚和欧洲的国家为了节约用水，都选择回收水进行再次使用。故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子Good water management has been considered by scientists and the UN as the key to solving the water problem.可知科学家认为解决水缺乏的问题最重要的是很好地控制用水。故选C。

4.标题判断题。根据文章内容和第一段的句子However, large numbers of people in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa are going without. The World Health Organization reports that almost 4,000 children die each day for dirty water or lack of water.可知这篇文章主要介绍干净的水严重缺乏和怎样节约用水的问题。因此推断选项D“节约用水，挽救世界”为最佳标题。故选D。

【名师点睛】

选择标题在英语阅读理解题中属主旨大意题，是深层理解题，它要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析主人公的特定心态、文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题具有概括性、针对性、醒目性的特点。确定最佳标题的方法包括：1. 在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息，找出覆盖全文的核心词汇。2、寻找文章的主题句，了解文章主要论题的关键是找到全文的主题句。3. 整体把握文章，不被细节迷惑 ，标题实际上是文章主题的一种确认方式。例如小题4：

【解题剖析】此题属于标题判断。可以利用第二种方法选择，寻找文章的主题句，了解文章主要论题的关键是找到全文的主题句。

【答案定位】根根据文章内容和第一段的句子However, large numbers of people in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa are going without. The World Health Organization reports that almost 4,000 children die each day for dirty water or lack of water.可知，这篇文章主要介绍干净的水严重缺乏和怎样节约用水的问题。

【推理关系】题干What would be the best title for the passage?☞文章内容However, large numbers of people in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa are going without. The World Health Organization reports that almost 4,000 children die each day for dirty water or lack of water.☞概括总结☞文章主要介绍干净的水严重缺乏和怎样节约用水的问题。☞主旨大意。