Question

Distance runners often worry about “hitting the wall” during training or races,when negative thoughts become so overpowering that they make it difficult to continue.1. At that time,the body’s glycogen(糖原) supplies become exhausted.As a result,many runners feel exhausted and discouraged,slow their pace,have trouble focusing and want to quit or walk.2. Here are a few sports psychologist-approved techniques to try,which could have major benefits for an athlete’s performance and well-being.

1.Make a motivational song list.Distracting(分心) yourself with some great tunes can help you make it to the finish line faster.3.

2.Try the partner system.A running partner can keep you motivated and on-track,and might even improve your performance,research shows.

3.4. A study on weight-lifters found that mental practices can be as effective as physical practice,resulting in actual muscle increases.Visualizing your if-then plan,for instance,could improve your chance of success.

4.Try “attention narrowing”.5. Last year,an NYU study found that focusing on an object on the horizon makes the distance feel shorter,and leads runners to go faster and perform better than those who let their minds wander.

With these helpful strategies,your next personal record might be just around the corner.

A.Plan what to do.

B.Visualize achieving your goal.

C.Finding ways to move past those kinds of experiences is very vital.

D.“Hitting the wall” typically happens around 20 miles into a marathon.

E.There is evidence that saying motivational things to oneself benefits a lot.

F.Runners who focus their eyes on an object in the distance get there faster.

G.Studies show athletes run,bike and swim farther and faster when listening to music.

Answer

1.D

2.C

3.G

4.B

5.F

【解析】本文首段描述了马拉松中的“撞墙期”，并且在下面提出了四种方法来克服困难，让自己表现更好。文章结构鲜明，为总分总结构。解题关键是要找准关键词，并且理解各段主旨。

1.从线索词上来看，选项D中 “Hitting the wall” 与前文 hitting the wall 构成原词重复；而选项D中 around 20 miles into a marathon与后文 at that time 构成指代重复；从逻辑与句义衔接上看，前句讲“撞墙期”对跑步者的负面影响，与选项D构成明显的顺承关系讲“撞墙期”一般发生在何时，再自然过渡到后句讲“撞墙期”在人体中的具体表现。故答案为D。

2.从线索词上来看，选项C中 “those kinds of experiences” 与前文 fell exhausted and discouraged, slow their pace, have trouble focusing and want to quit or walk 构成指代重复；而选项C中 ways与后文 techniques 构成同义重复；从逻辑与句义衔接上看，选项C讲“找到方法克服这些困难是很重要的”与后句中“这些方法对运动员的表现有很大好处”构成明显的顺承关系，故答案为C。

3.从线索词上来看，选项G中music与小标题中song、前句中的tunes构成同义重复；选项G中farther and faster与前句中make it to the finish line faster 构成同义重复。根据以上几点，故答案为G。

4.从文章结构上看，本空位于小标题，一般起到概括本段的作用。关注本段，易知本段是讲心理行为对人的激励作用，尤其举了例子：如果你预想“如果－就”的计划，就会增加你成功的几率。观察七个选项会发现本段主题与选项B契合；从线索词上来看，选项B中visualize achieving your goal与后文中的mental practices和visualizing your if-then plan构成同义重复。故答案为B。

5.从线索词上来看，选项F中focus their eyes on an object in the distance与前文小标题”attention narrowing”构成同义重复；而选项F－Runners who focus their eyes on an object in the distance get there faster又与后文中focusing on an object on the horizon makes the distance feel shorter构成明显地同义重复。根据以上几点，故答案为F。