Question

Moby Dick,or The Whale,of which only 5 copies were sold in the year of its first publication,has been recognized as one of the greatest masterpieces of the twentieth century novels across the world.Yet its author,Herman Melville,was not blessed enough to change his fate as the great work did.

Herman was born into an upper class New York family in 1819,but he had to drop out of school at the age of 15due to bankruptcy （破产）of the family.He struggled for living by working as a clerk at a bank,a farmer and a primary school teacher,but did not manage to hold on quite long to any of the jobs.And in 1841,he turned himself a whaling sailor on a big whaler.

In the next three years,his sailor’s life was torn apart by betrayal,injury,living with anthropophagi（食人族）， love,killing,imprisonment,prison break,which did not bear the expected  fruit of fortune or being a captain.

At the age of 25 ,Herman returned to America,starting his writing career.During the following five years,he published five novels,among which was Moby Dick,but none of the works brought him any fame or sense of success.

He had to live up with his poor life,supported by regular financial help from his father in-law.Not much changed even after his father-in-law assisted him onto a post at the customhouse(海关).His self-doubt whether he should fight to write as an author disturbed Herman for the rest of his life till his death in 1899,which is suggested in his wife’s diary.And his wife described his several struggles where he fought bitterly back to his desk to pick up his pen.

1.Which of the following statements is TRUE about Moby Dick according to the passage?

A. It came out as a published novel in the twentieth century.

B. It was not recognized as a great work until the twentieth century.

C. It was not for sale until the twentieth century.

D. It was adampted from the passage?

2.What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Herman chose his life on purpose to make himself a great writer.

B. Herman’s parents had scheduled those failures in his life to make him a man.

C. Herman did not offer the best of himself to foresee and avoid those series of misfortune.

D. Herman’s insufficient capability to fight problems he was faced with might result.

3.What is the first working element that built Herman up be a most outstanding writer?

A. His rich life experience and perseverance.    B. His sharp sense to observe and think.

C. Help from his wife and father-in-law.    D. His brilliant language talent and skill.

4.What can we learn from Herman’ life story?

A. There is no much point struggling and working too hard in one’s like.

B. Never invest too much of yourself into what others have the power to judge.

C. Never trust decisions that have been made by others.

D. Never doubt yourself but stick to what you are committed to.

Answer

☞D选项Herman’s insufficient capability to fight problems he was faced with might result. 赫尔曼没有足够能力解决自己所面临的问题。故选D。

【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述《白鲸记》的作者赫尔曼·麦尔维尔的生平事迹。尽管出生在纽约市一个有名望的家庭，但是因为家族破产赫尔曼不得不辍学工作养家，先后当过银行小职员、农场工人、农村教师等，还曾经在一艘捕鲸船上工作过。赫尔曼一生贫困，他出版的小说没有一部作品给他带来荣誉和成功。

1.推理判断题。根据第一段句子Moby Dick,or The Whale…has been recognized as one of the greatest masterpieces of the twentieth century novels across the world.和第四段句子…among which was Moby Dick,but none of the works brought him any fame or sense of success.可推断，《白鲸记》直到二十世纪才被视为一部伟大的作品。故选B。

2.推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句His self-doubt whether he should fight to write as an author disturbed Herman for the rest of his life till his death in 1899,which is suggested in his wife’s diary.并结合上文可知，赫尔曼的生活一致贫困，依靠父亲接济，他非常不自信，一直怀疑自己是否应该为写作而奋斗，这种困扰一直持续到他在1899年去世。因此推断赫尔曼没有足够能力解决自己所面临的问题。故选D。

3.推理判断题。根据二、三两段可知，赫尔曼为了谋生从事过许多工作，先后当过银行小职员、农场工人、农村教师等，还曾经在一艘捕鲸船上工作过。三年的海员生活，他经历过背叛、受伤，遇到过食人族，爱情，杀戮，囚禁和越狱，因此推断赫尔曼丰富的生活经历和毅力是他能够成为一个非常杰出的作家的第一个关键要素。故选A。

4.推理判断题。通读全文特别是最后一段可知，赫尔曼尽管经历过许多不幸的遭遇但是仍旧积极写作，可是他的不自信让他一直生活在纠结和贫困中，因此推断通过他的故事我们可以得出：不要怀疑自己，要坚持自己想做的。故选D。

【名师点睛】

推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的推理判断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。例如文章中的小题2就属于猜测想象推断题。

【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题中的猜测想象推断题。答案需从文章最后一段内容特别是倒数第二句His self-doubt whether he should fight to write as an author disturbed Herman for the rest of his life till his death in 1899,which is suggested in his wife’s diary.进行推断。

【答案定位】根据最后一段倒数第二句可知赫尔曼不自信，他一直怀疑自己是否应该为写作而奋斗，这种困扰一直持续到他在1899年去世。

【推理关系】题干What can be inferred from the passage?☞文章内容T His self-doubt whether he should fight to write as an author disturbed Herman for the rest of his life till his death in 1899. 赫尔曼的不自信造成的困扰直到他去世都没有解决。