Question

The Indian government may use 3D paintings as virtual speed breakers（减速带） on major highways and roads, in order to check speeding and careless driving, and finally make its deadly roads a little safer. "We are trying out 3D paintings used as virtual speed breakers to avoid unnecessary requirements of speed breakers," India's transport minister Nitin Gadkari wrote.

The optical illusions(视觉错觉) are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically. Earlier, India had ordered the removal of all speed breakers from highways, which are considered to be a safety hazard for high-speed vehicles. India has the highest number of road accident deaths in the world. According to the World Health Organisation, over 200,000 people are killed by road accidents.

The use of optical illusions as speed breakers was first pioneered in the American city of Philadelphia in 2008, as part of a campaign against speeding motorists. The technique has also been tried out in China to create floating 3D crossings. In India, cities such as Ahmedabad and Chennai have already experimented with 3D zebra crossings in the last one year. In Ahmedabad for instance, a mother and her daughter, both artists, have painted 3D crosswalks in the first few months of 2016. The artists say their motto is "to increase the attention of drivers", and that the concept has been successfully tested in accident-prone zones on a highway.

However, critics argue that once drivers know that these speed breakers are visual illusions, they may ignore them. Others also point out that India's decision does not consider the safety of a large number of pedestrians. In the end, the new policy may be just one step towards improving road safety.

1.Why are 3D paintings used on main highways and roads?

A. To make the surroundings more beautiful.

B. To attract the attention of tourists.

C. To reduce the rate of traffic accidents.

D. To show the advanced technology.

2.Which of the following words is closest to the meaning of “hazard” in paragraph 2?

A. Reminder    B. Threat

C. Regulation    D. Theory

3.What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and 4?

A. Philadelphia, the U.S.A is th second place to use virtual speed breakers in the world.

B. The idea tested in Ahmedabad recently has been a failure.

C. The new policy of 3D zebra crossings must be carried out smoothly.

D. The use of optical illusions as speed breakers is controversial in India.

4.What do we  know about 3D zebra crossings from the passage?

A. They can vastly lower the death rate in India.

B. They have been widely used in India so far.

C. They are designed to increase drivers’ attention.

D. They are welcomed by both drivers and pedestrians.

Answer

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.C

【解析】文章介绍了印度在主要道路上使用3D视觉幻象装置的目的、作用及相关的争论。

1.C

推理判断题。根据第一段The Indian government may use 3D paintings as virtual speed breakers（减速带） on major highways and roads, in order to check speeding and careless driving, and finally make its deadly roads a little safer.第二段The optical illusions(视觉错觉) are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically.可知主要道路上使用3D图案是为了减少提醒司机，减少交通事故。故选C.

2.B

猜测词义题。此处指早些时候，印度下令拆除公路上的所有减速带，此举被认为造成了机动车行驶的安全隐患。“hazard”隐患，危险，与threat同义，故选B.

3.D

推理判断题。第三段主要讲其他国家实行视觉幻象的例子及印度实施的成功之处，第四段讲一部分人认为的此装置的缺点。所以这两段主要讲了3D视觉幻象装置在印度实施过程中的争议，故选D.

4.C

推理判断题。根据第二段The optical illusions(视觉错觉) are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically.和第三段The artists say their motto is "to increase the attention of drivers", and that the concept has been successfully tested in accident-prone zones on a highway.可知3D斑马线的设置是为了引起司机的注意，减少交通事故。故选C.

【名师点睛】

推理判断题的常见考查形式及解题方法：

推理判断题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。

本文主要考查推测文章的观点或结论。如文章小题1要求判断3D paintings使用的原因，根据第一段The Indian government may use 3D paintings as virtual speed breakers（减速带） on major highways and roads, in order to check speeding and careless driving, and finally make its deadly roads a little safer.第二段The optical illusions(视觉错觉) are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically.可知主要道路上使用3D图案是为了减少提醒司机，减少交通事故。小题3要求推断第三段和第四段的主要内容，第三段主要讲其他国家实行视觉幻象的例子及印度实施的成功之处，第四段讲一部分人认为的此装置的缺点。所以这两段主要讲了3D视觉幻象装置在印度实施过程中的争议。小题4要求推断我们对3D斑马线的认识，根据第二段The optical illusions(视觉错觉) are supposed to encourage drivers to slow down automatically.和第三段The artists say their motto is "to increase the attention of drivers", and that the concept has been successfully tested in accident-prone zones on a highway.可知3D斑马线的设置是为了引起司机的注意，减少交通事故。