Bullying isn’t just confined to the real world. According to the Cyberbullying Research Center, almost half of all young people have been bullied online. Cyberbullying is a form in which people harm other people online deliberately. And unlike the traditional bully, the electronic bully can remain anonymous, so we often don’t know who they are. Cyberbullying includes things like spreading lies and rumors online, sending or forwarding unpleasant message via instant messaging, text or on social networks. It’s becoming very common among teenagers these days. They are campaigns against cyberbullying and some places have adopted laws to prevent it.
Kate is a victim of cyberbully. It’s so bad that she doesn’t want to leave the house. Someone from school has put message on social media saying she’s ugly and she should die. It’s terrible.
【写作内容】
1.用约30个单词写出上下文概要；
2.用约120个单词写作以下相关内容：
（1）网络暴力的原因和影响；
（2）从社会规范和个人行为谈谈如何应对网络暴力。
【写作要求】
1.发表观点时必须提供理由或论据
2.阐述观点、提供论据或叙述经历时，不能直接引用原文语句
3.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称
【评分标准】
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
We often close ourselves off when unfortunate events happen in our lives; instead of letting the world soften us, we let it drive us deeper into ourselves. We try to deflect the hurt and pain by pretending it doesn’t exist, but although we can try this all we want, in the end, we can’t hide from ourselves. We need to learn to open our hearts
to the potentials of life and let the world soften us.
Whenever we start to let our fears and seriousness get the best of us, we should take a step back and re-evaluate our behavior. The items listed below are ways you can open your heart more fully and completely.
Breathe into pain
Whenever a painful situation arises in your life, try to embrace it instead of running away or trying to mask the hurt. When the sadness strikes, take a deep breath and lean into it. When we run away from sadness that’s unfolding in our lives, it gets stronger and more real. We take an emotion that’s fleeting and make it a solid event, instead of something that passes through us.
By utilizing our breath we soften our experiences. If we dam them up, our lives will stagnate, but when we keep them flowing, we allow more newness and greater experiences to blossom.
Embrace the uncomfortable
We all know what that twinge(刺痛) of anxiety feels like. We know how fear feels in our bodies: the tension in our necks, the tightness in our stomachs, etc. We can practice leaning into these feelings of discomfort and let them show us where we need to go.
The initial impulse is to run away — to try and suppress these feelings by not acknowledging them. When we do this, we close ourselves off to the parts of our lives that we need to experience most. The next time you have this feeling of being truly uncomfortable, do yourself a favor and lean into the feeling. Act in spite of the fear.
Ask your heart what it wants
We’re often confused at the next step to take, making pros and cons lists until our eyes bleed and our brains are sore. Instead of always taking this approach, what if we engaged a new part of ourselves that isn’t usually involved in the decision making process?
I know we’ve all felt decisions or actions that we had to take simply due to our “gut” impulses: when asked, we can’t explain the reasons behind doing so — just a deep knowing that it had to get done. This instinct is the part of ourselves we’re approaching for answers.
To start this process, take few deep breaths then ask, “Heart, what decision should I make here? What action feels the most right?”
See what comes up, then engage and evaluate the outcome.
Title: Open Our Hearts | ||
Background information | ★Unfortunate events often 1. us deeper into ourselves; ★We can’t hide ourselves 2. the fact that we pretend not to have been hurt; ★We should take a step back and re-evaluate our behavior whenever fears and seriousness 3. us. | |
4. to helping open our hearts | ★Breathe into pain | ★Try to embrace it instead of running away or trying to 5. up the hurt whenever a painful situation arises in our lives; ★Utilize our breath and we can 6.more newness and greater experiences in the future. |
★Embrace the uncomfortable | ★We can practice leaning into the feelings of discomfort and 7.a way out in our lives; ★Running away only8.us experiencing the parts of our lives that we need most. | |
★Ask your heart what it wants | ★To treat the process of decision making from a different9. ; ★See what10., then engage and evaluate the outcome. | |
RED lanterns adorn(点缀) the aisles of a small supermarket. There are stacks of red envelopes on sale, for stuffing cash in and handing out as gifts. A sign offers seasonal discounts. Such festive trappings are quite common in China in the build-up to the lunar New Year, which this year starts on January 28th. But this is Yangon, the capital of Myanmar, where Han Chinese are a mere 2.5% of the country’s population. They are a sign that Chinese New Year is becoming a global holiday.
Several countries in Asia celebrate the lunar New Year in their own way. But dragon and lion dances in Chinatowns the world over have helped to make China’s the most famous. These days growing numbers of people who are not of Chinese descent are joining in. In Tokyo window cleaners dress up as the animals of the Chinese zodiac(十二生肖). Barcelona’s Chinese parade includes dracs (a Catalan species of dragon). America, Canada and New Zealand have issued commemorative stamps for the year of the chicken. Last year New York City made the lunar New Year a school holiday for the first time.
The spread of the spring festival, as China calls it, is partly due to recent emigration from China: 9.5 million Chinese people have moved abroad since 1978, many of them far richer than earlier waves of migrants. It also reflects the wealth and globe-trotting ambitions of China’s new middle class: festivities in other countries are partly aimed at the 6 million Chinese who are expected to spend their weeklong holiday abroad this year. International brands are trying to lure these big spenders with chicken-themed items.
Conscious of China’s growing economic and political clout, foreign leaders have taken to noting the occasion. Britain’s Prime Minister, Theresa May, has given a video address, a tradition started in 2014 by her predecessor, David Cameron. Last year the country’s royal family tweeted a picture of Queen Elizabeth dotting the eye of a Chinese lion-dancer’s costume. Also in 2016, Venezuela’s culture minister admitted that his country was celebrating Chinese new year for the first time—with six weeks of festivities—in a bid to improve economic ties with China. It is rumored that this year’s World Economic Forum in Davos was held a week earlier than usual to avoid clashing with Chinese New Year.
China also sponsors related events, such as a display this year of martial arts in Cyprus and a traditional Chinese temple—fair in Harare, Zimbabwe. It may give Chinese officials satisfaction to see foreigners enjoy such festivities. They lament the growing enthusiasm among Chinese for Western celebrations such as Christmas—in December cities across China are bedecked with Santas and snowflake decorations. Chinese New Year is a welcome chance to reverse the cultural flow.
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Many countries in Asia are similar to each other in celebrating the Chinese lunar New Year.
B. This year’s World Economic Forum in Davos was held a week earlier than usual to avoid clashing with Chinese New Year.
C. Venezuela is the first country in South America to celebrate the Chinese spring festival.
D. Partly owing to recent emigration from China, the Chinese spring festival could be spread worldwide.
2.Paragraph 2 is conducted by means of ________.
A. analyzing reasons B. giving examples
C. listing arguments D. comparing facts
3.Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word in Para 3?
A. hook B. attack
C. interfere D. exclude
4.The sentence “China hopes the festival will boost its cultural ‘soft power’ abroad.” should be put at the beginning of Paragraph ________.
A. Two B. Three
C. Four D. Five
5.Why are Chinese officials pleased to see foreigners enjoy Chinese new year festivities?
A. Because these activities are beneficial to improving economic ties with foreign countries.
B. Because these activities can bring about large amounts of money.
C. Because these activities offer a chance to promote Chinese culture.
D. Because these activities would bring forth peace and harmony of the world.
Smog in Europe and North America could be more than 25 times more deadly than the average air pollution found in Chinese cities, a new study suggests. In the largest ever study of its kind in the developing world, researchers tested the effects of air pollution on the health of people in 272 cities in China.
They found average annual exposure to fine particles, known as PM2.5, in those cities was more than five times higher than the level recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), according to a paper in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
However they also discovered that it was much less likely to increase the death rate than PM2.5 in Europe and North America.
The researchers, led by Dr Maigeng Zhou, of the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, suggested this was because China is affected by large amounts of natural dust blown by the wind from arid areas, while most pollution in the West comes from industry.
They found that for every increase of 10 micrograms of air pollution in a cubic meter of air, the mortality rate increased by 0.22 percent, discounting deaths from accidents.
Professor Frank Kelly, an expert in environmental health at King’s College London, who was not involved in the study but has studied air pollution in China, told The Independent: “Those relative risks are considerably less than those seen in Europe and the US. For mortality(死亡率) in Europe we are working on a six percent increase per 10 micrograms.” That suggests air pollution in Europe is about 27 times more toxic than average air pollution in China.
However, Professor Kelly said cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Hong Kong were likely to suffer from Western-style air pollution. "The natural dust component there is not of the magnitude that it would dwarf the coal, biomass and fossil fuel signals,” he said, “That may be true in certain cities whose pollution is not dominated by local power generation or major traffic congestion.”
Natural dust particles can cause physical damage to the lungs and trigger an asthma attack. Particles of carbon produced when fossil fuels are burned can lead to similar problems but they are also coated with toxic heavy metals, chemicals and volatile organic compounds. These are able to pass from the lungs into the blood stream where it is thought they cause further damage to the body.
Areeba Hamid, an air pollution campaigner with environmental group Greenpeace, said: “Poisonous air causes damage to people’s health wherever in the world they live. We now know fumes from diesel(柴油机) vehicles are a lot more poisonous than car companies claimed and this is a big cause of air pollution in Europe and North America. These companies have a lot to answer for, but so far they’ve managed to avoid any real accountability.”
The study of cities in China found the average annual expose to PM2.5 was 56 micrograms per cubic meter, compared to the WHO guideline limit for safe air quality of 10 micrograms.
People who were older than 75, had less education or who lived in hotter places were more likely to die. It is thought people in warmer cities were more likely to spend time outside or leave their windows open, thereby breathing more polluted air, the researchers said. They also speculated that less well educated people might have poorer access to health care or experience poorer environmental health conditions.
1.Why PM2.5 in China is less deadly than that in Europe and North America?
A. China is free from any pollution about PM2.5.
B. Pollutants affecting China mainly come from arid areas.
C. Fewer people died from PM 2.5 in China than those in Europe and North America.
D. Europe and North America are polluted by natural dust.
2.What does the underlined part in Para 7 refer to?
A. The average mortality rate. B. The higher mortality rate.
C. The lower mortality rate. D. The normal mortality rate.
3.What’s the real cause of air pollution in Europe and North America according to Areeba Hamid?
A. Fumes from diesel vehicles are much more poisonous.
B. The environmental agencies can’t take on responsibilities.
C. The technology doesn’t meet the standards.
D. Car companies can’t evaluate the results.
4.The author’s purpose of writing the passage is to ________.
A. appeal to people to lay an emphasis on environmental protection
B. illustrate smog in Europe and North America is quite serious
C. demonstrate China is safest place in the world to live in
D. provide some good ways to address the smog
Handwriting is quickly becoming a dying art. Few businesses can run nowadays without computers, giving keyboard shortcuts an unprecedented importance. Elementary and high schools across the country now view typing courses as essential to their curricula. But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance in society?
Brain power, according to science. Researchers from Princeton University and the University of California, Los Angeles conducted a series of studies to demonstrate the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes. Participants took notes on a lecture using one of the two methods and were tested on the material 30 minutes after the lecture and again a week later. The results showed that both types of notetakers did well on the first test, though longhand notetakers had a stronger grasp of the overall concept, but students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed. These participants were also more open to understanding new ideas.
At the University of Nebraska, educational psychologist Kenneth Kiewra held a similar study, where some students were tested immediately following a PowerPoint lecture and others had a chance to review their notes before being tested. Those who took notes on a laptop had a slight advantage on the test right after the lecture, but students with written notes performed significantly better when given the chance to review. Kiewra told the Wall Street Journal that the reason is likely because written notes are briefer, more organized, and better captured information from graphs and charts than typed notes.
Computers aren’t going away anytime soon, but that doesn’t mean paper notebooks need to become obsolete(过时). In fact, it’s best to start using them at an early age. University of Indiana researchers compared brain scans of five year olds, some of whom practiced printing letters and some who just looked at the letters. Those who wrote out the letters had more enhanced and “adult-like” neural activity.
Take this as a parenting hack for the digital era: Don’t let your kids go completely digital.
1.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that ________.
A. Not both types of notetakers did well on the material test 30 minutes after the lecture.
B. It’s easy for both types of notetakers to welcome new ideas.
C. Students who wrote notes out could only remember the lecture in a week.
D. Students who typed notes could have a better understanding of the material.
2.Why students with written notes performed much better when given the chance to review according to Kiewar?
A. Because the written notes are much more convenient and accessible.
B. Because they have a higher level of intelligence than those with typed notes.
C. Because they are born adapting themselves to new ideas easily.
D. Because the typed notes are always without any references.
3.The passage mainly provides suggestions for ________.
A. students B. parents
C. schools D. enterprises
The Chinese are more likely to shop online than consumers from any other country, according to the latest survey by the International Post Corporation, a Brussels-headquartered association on postal services.
In the second annual study of 24,000 respondents in 26 markets across North America, the Asia-Pacific and Europe, the IPC found that 36 percent of Chinese buy from digital sites at least once a week, a frequency far outstripping peer buyers.
China is also the most popular market for consumers around the world to shop from, accounting for 26 percent of most recent cross-border purchases, followed by the United States with 16 percent, Germany’s 15 percent and the United Kingdom’s 15 percent.
Purchases from China are more popular with younger people and women, while purchases from Germany receive warmer welcome by men and the elderly, the international study found.
Online marketplaces such as Amazon.com Inc, eBay Inc and Alibaba Group Holdings Ltd were the most sought-after avenues for buyers from almost all countries, accounting for around two-thirds of all cross-border purchases, the study said.
The survey also indicated that clear information about delivery charges, free returns and free delivery over a particular value, were the most important drivers for cross-border online shoppers.
It found that consumers were more likely to pay a premium for tracking rather than for speed of delivery. They preferred to pay for delivery of a tracked item that took five to eight days for delivery than an untracked item that took three to four days.
About 70 percent of cross-border online shoppers were offered tracking and 88 percent used it, mostly in the interim stage, to check on delivery progress.
Almost three-quarters of shoppers used the post for their most recent cross-border purchases. Overall, 87 percent were satisfied with their delivery experience. Only 6 percent returned their cross-border purchase, mostly using the post for the return.
The survey also looked at consumer delivery experiences, finding that most cross-border purchases had free shipping.
1.Which of the following statements is Not true according to the survey?
A. Younger people and women from Germany are superior to men and the elderly in purchasing.
B. America is the second most popular market for worldwide consumers.
C. The Chinese consumers like shopping online best in the world.
D. The majority of cross-border purchases can enjoy free shipping.
2.The following items are the most important drivers for cross-border online shopping Except ________.
A. delivery charges B. the speed of delivery
C. free returns D. free delivery over a particular value
3.Which can be the most suitable title for the passage?
A. Global Online Shopping
B. China, the Most Popular Purchasing Market
C. Chinese Top World’s Online Shoppers
D. Cross-border Purchases
