In the US, people prefer waiting for a table to sitting with people they don’t know. This means a hostess may not seat a small group until a small table is available, even if a large one is. If you are sitting at a table with people you don’t know, it is impolite to light up a cigarette without asking if it will disturb them.
At American restaurants and coffee shops you are usually served tap water before you order. You may find the bread and butter is free, and if you order coffee, you may get a free refill（填充）.
Most cities and towns have no rules about opening and closing time for stores or restaurants, though they usually do make rules for bars. Especially in large cities, stores may be open 24 hours a day.
Serving in restaurants is often large, too large for many people. If you can’t finish your meal but would like to enjoy the food later, ask your waitress or waiter for a “doggie bag”. It may have a picture of a dog on it, but everybody knows you’re taking the food for yourself.
Supper and dinner are both words for the evening meal. Some people have “Sunday dinner”. This is an especially big noon meal.
Tips are not usually added to the check. They are not included in the price of the meal, either. A tip of about 15% is expected and you should leave it on the table when you leave. In some restaurants, a check is brought on a plate and you put your money there. Then the waiter or waitress brings you your change.
1.Which statement is true?
A. American people like sitting with people they don’t know.
B. A hostess always seats a small group at a large table.
C. American people never sit with people they don’t know.
D. American people wouldn’t light a cigarette if the people who sit at the same table mind their smoking.
2.What is served before you order?
A. Bread. B. Butter.
C. Coffee. D. Cold water.
3.What do American people always do when servings are too large for them?
A. They take the food home with a “doggie bag” for their dogs.
B. They leave the food on the table and go away.
C. They take the food home with a “doggie bag” and enjoy the food later.
D. They ask the waitress or waiter to keep the food for them.
4.Sunday dinner is_______.
A. a dinner in the evening B. A big noon meal
C. a big lunch on Sunday D. A supper
"Depend on(依靠) yourself" is what nature says to every man. Parents can help you. Teachers can help you. But all these only help you to help yourself.
There have been many men in history. But many of them were very poor in childhood, and no uncles, aunts or friends to help them. Schools were few. They could not depend upon themselves for an education. They saw how it was and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way till they became well known.
One of the most famous teachers in England used to tell his pupils, "I can not make worthy men of you, but I can help make men of yourself."
Some young men don't try their best to make themselves valuable to the human beings. They can never gain achievement(成就) unless they see their weak points and change their course. They are nothing now, and will be nothing as long as they live, unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers, and depend on their own efforts.
1.Which of the following titles fits this article best?
A. What Nature Says to Every Man. B. How to Be Famous.
C. Men Must Help Each Other. D. Depend on Yourself.
2.Many of the great men succeeded because .
A. they wanted to become well-known
B. they made great efforts to learn and work
C. they received a good education.
D. they had rich parents.
3.If young people depend on their own efforts, ______.
A. they are sure to be very famous in the world
B. they can be successful in their lives
C. they can live without their families
D. they no longer need any help
4.From this article we can learn the writer ________.
A. sings highly praise for parents and teachers
B. is a man of strong character
C. thinks highly of those who are struggling or success
D. feels it necessary to accept everyone ‘s. advice
Thirty years ago I worked in a company. My job was to sell the cars. I was young and strong and I had been to most parts of the world and I spent one fifth of my time in the trains or planes. I liked such a life and sometimes I called myself "traveler".
But one day I got into trouble. It was a cold morning. It blew heavily and the ground was covered with thick snow outside. I was still in bed though it was nine. I finished a long journey the day before and decided to have a good rest. Suddenly the telephone rang and my manager told me to fly to New York to take part in an important meeting. I had to get up and after a quick breakfast I hurried to the airport. The taxi went slowly and I missed the first flight. I had to take the next one. It meant I would wait for nearly five hours in the waiting-room. But five hours later a passenger said the information showed there was a bomb (炸弹) in our plane and the policemen were looking for it. And another five hours passed and most passengers lost their patience before we were allowed to get on the plane. At the entrance each passenger and their baggage (行李) had to be examined. A young man who seemed a soldier shouted at the policemen at the entrance, "If I had a gun in my baggage, I would shoot you two hours ago!"
1.The writer called himself “traveler” because he ________ .
A. sold cars for his company
B. liked trains and planes
C. travelled to many parts of the world
D. liked travelling in foreign countries
2.The taxi went slowly because _________ .
A. there was much snow on the road
B. it was very cold that morning
C. the driver didn’t know he would fly to New York
D. the manager told him not to hurry
3.He spent nearly _______ hours in the waiting-room that day .
A. five B. seven
C. eight D. ten
4.The young man became angry because he ________．
A. wouldn't be examined
B. had a gun in his baggage
C. waited for a long time at the airport
D. hated the policemen at the entrance
请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。
Li Jiang 
When I was in the primary school, I often met with problems which I could not work out on my own, especially in English and arithmetic. So I downloaded an online educational app named Zuoyebang. Since then, I have been using several kinds of such software, for example, Xuebajun and Haofenshu. Whenever I have a problem, I will turn to them. As a result, my study has been progressing steadily. I will strongly recommend these apps to my friends.
Li Jiang
When I was in the primary school, I often met with problems which I could not work out on my own, especially in English and arithmetic. So I downloaded an online educational app named Zuoyebang. Since then, I have been using several kinds of such software, for example, Xuebajun and Haofenshu. Whenever I have a problem, I will turn to them. As a result, my study has been progressing steadily. I will strongly recommend these apps to my friends.
Su Hua
After entering the senior high, I found I had more and more difficulty learning maths and English. As many online learning products are quite popular among other students, my parents subscribed to one for me too. After that, however, I feel as if I were going to two schools, one real-world school and one online school. Every day I have endless exercises to do and feel very tired. Worse still, I feel I have lost interest in my study now. What shall I do?
Su Hua
After entering the senior high, I found I had more and more difficulty learning maths and English. As many online learning products are quite popular among other students, my parents subscribed to one for me too. After that, however, I feel as if I were going to two schools, one real-world school and one online school. Every day I have endless exercises to do and feel very tired. Worse still, I feel I have lost interest in my study now. What shall I do?
（写作内容）
1. 用约30个词概括上述利用在线教育app学习的现象；
2. 你是支持还是反对利用在线教育app学习？请谈谈你的看法，并用2 – 3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
（写作要求）
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
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How Female Farmers Are Feeding the World
The exact data on women in agriculture is difficult to pin down. There are variations between countries and agriculture data is challenging to collect. What is clear, however, is that most small-scale farmers are women, making up 60-80 percent of farmers in developing countries. The FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN) estimates that between 43 percent to even 70 percent of agricultural labor in some countries comes from women.
But women still don’t have the same rights as men when it comes to farming, making food production harder for women because of gender inequality. For female farmers, it is unquestionably a challenging job to engage in food production.
In the first place, purchasing land, farming equipment and hiring labor can be expensive. These costs are even harder on women because many of them lack access to credit. In nearly 48 economies women face legal restrictions to having control of their own finances.
Getting to the bank is hard too. Mobility for women in rural parts of developing countries is a big concern. Better transportation and infrastructure could help make access to credit more practicable for women. Credit and finance should be equal for everyone, especially women who are held back by gender restrictions.
Sadly, women may run the world, but they do not own it. Women are virtually denied property rights. Traditional customs in place can pass down land through the male side of the family, leaving women out of land rights completely. Other times, women need permission from a male relative or husband to own land.
It has been apparent that women are not as productive farmers as men and work longer hours in some countries like Indonesia. This is largely due to a lack of education. When education is considered more valuable for men (and thus mainly given to men), women farmers are less informed about the best production methods, thus producing less yield in crops and becoming “less productive”. This can all be changed through providing education for women. Removing gender inequality can help feed 130 million people who are currently undernourished.
Despite these barriers, women are definitely not leaving the “field”. In countries experiencing urban growth, men are migrating to urban areas for other jobs while women stay in rural areas, taking on jobs in farming and agriculture. Healthier children, education, and investment into the community are all benefits that female farmers are shown to have on their communities.
Let’s close the gender gap and give women the tools they need to succeed. If women farmers in developing countries have the same rights and opportunities, they will be just as productive. With increasing population, and the need for better food security, supporting women in agriculture is something that cannot afford not to be invested in.
Women running most small farms | Women in developing countries 1. for a large proportion of the labor force in the agricultural sector. |
Women’s 2. to food production
| Without credit, many women farmers can’t 3. the cost of large farms. ▼The law sets a 4. on women’s freedom to manage money. ▼It is a struggle for women in the countryside to enjoy bank service. |
Women in many countries do not have easy 5. to the ownership of property. ▼ 6. can take over land from the previous generation. ▼ Without a male’s permission women cannot take possession of land. | |
The education system 7. men over women, resulting in different levels of productivity. ▼ Unlike men, women are often ignorant of agricultural science. ▼ Women could become more 8. if they were to enjoy equal education. | |
Expected support for women farmers | Considering women’s 9. to society, we are supposed to end gender discrimination and 10. up women in agriculture. |
At 88, I remain a competitive runner. The finish line of my life is drawing close, and I hope to reach it having given the best of myself along the way. I’ve been training my body to meet the demands of this final stretch. But, I wonder, should I have asked more of my mind?
If I didn’t exercise, I would release the hungry beasts that seek their elderly prey on couches, but not in the gym. The more I sweated, the more likely it was my doctor would continue to say, “Keep doing what you’re doing, and I’ll see you next year.” My mind, on the other hand, seems less willing to give in to discipline. I have tried internet “brain games”, solving algebraic problems flashing past and changing the route of virtual trains to avoid crashes. But these never approach my determination to remain physically fit as I move deeper into old age.
Despite having many friends in their 70s, 80s and 90s, I’ve been far too slow to realize that how we respond to aging is a choice made in the mind, not in the gym. Some of my healthiest friends carry themselves as victims abused by time. Other friends, many whose aching knees and hips are the least of their physical problems, find comfort in their ability to accept old age as just another stage of life to deal with. I would use the word “heroic” to describe the way they cope with aging.
One such friend recently called from a hospital to tell me a sudden brain disease had made him legally blind. He interrupted me as I began telling him how terribly sorry I was: “Bob, it could have been worse. I could have become deaf instead of blind.”
Despite all the time I spend lifting weights and exercising, I realized I lack the strength to have said those words. It suddenly struck me I’ve paid a price for being a “gym rat.” If there is one characteristic common to friends who are aging with a graceful acceptance of life’s attacks, it is contentment. Aging had to be more than what I saw in a mirror.
But rather than undertaking a fundamental change in the way I face aging, I felt the place to begin would be to start small. A recent lunch provided a perfect example.
I’ve always found it extremely difficult to concentrate when I’m in a noisy setting. At this lunch with a friend in an outdoor restaurant, a landscaper began blowing leaves from underneath the bushes surrounding our table. Typically, after such a noisy interruption, I would have snapped, “Let’s wait until he’s finished!” then fallen silent. When the roar (吼叫) eventually faded, my roar would have drained (消耗) the conversation of any warmth. It troubled me that even a passing distraction (分心) could so easily take me from enjoying lunch with a good friend to a place that gave me no pleasure at all. I wanted this meal to be different.
My years in gyms had taught me to shake off pains and other distractions, never permitting them to stop my workout or run. I decided to treat the noise this way. I continued talking with my friend, challenging myself to hear the noise, but to hold it at a distance. The discipline so familiar to me in the gym — this time applied to my mind — proved equally effective in the restaurant. It was as though I had taken my brain to a mental fitness center.
Learning to ignore a leaf blower’s roar hardly equips me to find contentment during my passage into ever-deeper old age. But I left the lunch feeling I had at least taken a small first step in changing behavior that stood in the way of that contentment.
Could I employ that same discipline to accept with dignity the inevitable decline awaiting me like the finish line? Hoping that contentment will guide me as I make my way along the path yet to be traveled.
1.The author’s question in Paragraph 1 implies that _____________.
A. he has never believed the necessity of mind training
B. he has realized he should mentally prepare for aging
C. he feels regret for not sharpening his thinking skills
D. he feels unsatisfied with the result of the brain games
2.The author uses his friends as examples to __________.
A. stress aging is an unavoidable stage of life to face
B. indicate that people see life from many different angles
C. prove it’s significant to be surrounded with positive friends
D. show it’s important to take health seriously in a sensible way
3.What can we learn from the author’s friend mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A. He fears that his illness will become worse.
B. He takes physical illnesses as they come.
C. He needs to find a way through those hardships.
D. He sees life as a series of disappointments.
4.After that recent lunch, the author realized that _________.
A. distractions were not uncommon in everyday life
B. the restaurant was not an ideal place for eating
C. his roar had spoiled the friendly conversation
D. he had made small changes to adapt to aging
5.What’s the author’s attitude towards exercising in the end?
A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent.
C. Positive. D. Ambiguous.
6.Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A. Old age curse and blessing B. The secret to aging well
C. Benefits of regular exercise D. Never too old to learn
