Few writers have had such an impact on the thinking of the modem world as British writer George Orwell(1903—1950)．Orwell wrote many things on a variety of topics，for example，poverty in England in the 1930s during the Great Depression and his experience in the Spanish Civil War(1936—1939)．
But he is most famous for his works of fiction，Animal Farm(1945)and，especially，Nineteen Eighty-Four(1949)．These last books became especially influential in the West in the 1950s during the early Cold War years．
In Nineteen Eighty-Four，Orwell imagined a Britain of the future，modeled on the Soviet union(苏联)．His frightening tale of Winston Smith，a regular man who comes into conflict with the government，was close to the fears of many people of the time．Ideas from the novel soon entered everyday culture，and are still in use today．“Big Brother”，for example，is a phrase from the book that refers to how authority is always looking over one’s shoulder. Other phrases used in the novel，1ike“War is Peace”and “Freedom is slavery”are also still used now．Indeed，many people see Orwell’s book as a warning about what might happen if those in power become corrupted．
Even today，Orwell remains an influential voice. Often，writers achieve great fame and popularity，but they don’t affect how people live their everyday lives．UNESCO’S Memory of the World Programme recently decided to include a collection of Orwell’s writings on its register．
The Memory of the World register is similar to UNESCO’s world heritage site program，which protects places and buildings natural features in the world．According to its website，the idea behind the body is“that the world’s documentary evidence belongs to all”and should be “accessible forever to all”．
University College London，which proposed the idea to UNESCO，said in its application that Orwell’s work“had a great influence on human thought in all parts of the world，an influence that remain powerful today”．
1.What do we know about Orwell?
A. He only wrote about imaginary worlds．
B. He liked to follow the style of other writers．
C. His works were based on his own experience．
D. His books were well-received during the Cold War．
2.Orwell wrote the novel Nineteen eight-Four to_______．
A. warn people of the dangers of corruption
B. present various conflicts with the government
C. expose the cruelty of the war in the 20th century
D. describe the serious effects of poverty in England
3.The passage mentioned some phrases from Orwell’s books mainly to__________．
A. stress his ideas are still popular today
B. share some of his ideas with leaders
C. show how he used language in a creative way
D. explain how he described the dark side of society
4.Why would the Memory of the Word register include Orwell’s writings?
A. They are a huge literary success．
B. They introduced a new way of writing．
C. They shaped political systems in Western countries．
D. They continue to have a great effect on human thought.
In recent years，Myanmar has opened its doors to western tourism. This once-closed state in Southeast Asia is a gold mine for those who enjoy the ancient Buddhist culture of the region. Compared to its neighbors, the landscape of Myanmar has been left largely undamaged. There are so many reasons why Myanmar is amazing and has been rated one of the top Asian tourist destinations for 2019. Here are some of its scenic spots：
Shwedagon Pagoda in Yangon
As far as pagodas are concerned，this is one of the most respected in Myanmar. This massive 325-foot Buddhist pagoda is surrounded by smaller shiny-gold pagodas. It is believed that some of the hairs of Gautama Buddha are well- preserved in here. The Shwedagon Pagoda is a must-see destination on your traveling schedule.
Long Neck Tribe of the Hill Country
These women—who are identified by their long necks that are stretched by brass neck coils(项圈)from an early age—have become world-famous. You’ll find this tribe in the mountainous north of the country，especially in Chin state. This custom dates back to ancient times when tribesmen—who were always at war with neighboring tribes—put neck coils on their women to prevent them from being taken as prisoners of war．These days，the long-necked women are used to seeing foreigners，who make the long journey to this isolated region of Myanmar for the purpose of seeing them．
Mandalay City
This dusty, hot center of trading and commerce for Myanmar is both fascinating and exciting. You’ll never find a shortage of things to do here. Temples. Medieval-era castles. Buildings from the country’s colonial British past. There are over 600 monasteries and nunneries in the Holy Hills of Sagaing, which overlook Mandalay. The city also has an exciting nightlife which will be an attraction for many．
1.What does the writer intend to tell in the passage?
A. Life styles people in Myanmar have．
B. Activities tourists can attend in Myanmar．
C. Reasons why Myanmar is suddenly popular．
D. Information about some attractions in Myanmar．
2.For what purpose were the neck coils initially used?
A. To protect women’s necks．
B. To frighten the enemies away．
C. To make women more attractive．
D. To stop women being victims of war．
3.What will impress travelers to Mandalay City most?
A. Promising commercial future．
B. Architecture of different styles．
C. Shiny-gold pagodas．
D. Abundance of goods in night markets．
请阅读下面短文，并按要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Li Shuangying said her 18yearold son， who just took this year's college entrance exam， would become a professional in the artificial intelligence (AI) field.
Artificial intelligence is the branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans. The requirement for AI talents is a solid foundation of maths and English， so for senior high graduates， they should have a higher mathematical thinking ability and have a good command of English if they want to become professionals in AI.
Li Shuangying said her son always has been one of the top students in his class at one of the leading high schools in Zhongshan， Guangdong province. Zhongshan， which neighbors Guangzhou， has been one of China's pioneering cities in embracing reform and opening up. It flourished(繁荣) on laborintensive industries， but recent rising labor shortages and costs have become a real threat. In response， local manufacturers(制造商) have been quick to embrace automation(自动化)and adopt AIassisted robots for survival.
The company Li works for， a mediumsized home appliance manufacturer with annual output of about 1 billion yuan($150 million)， is no exception. Li said she used to bring her son to her workplace from time to time， and he has developed a strong interest in AI， automation and robots.
“Our family all agree that AI is the trend， and it holds great potential for future development，” Li said. That view is shared by many college students and their parents， who consider AI a desirable major.
（写作内容）
1. 用约30词概括上文；
2. 用约120词发表你的观点，内容包括：
(1) 请你谈谈对“人工智能”专业的看法(至少两点)；
(2) 作为高三学生，你是否会选择“人工智能”专业？请简要说明理由(2至3点)。
（写作要求）
1. 可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
（评分标准）
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
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请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Educating girls quite possibly harvests a higher rate of return than any other investment available in the developing world. Women's education may be an unusual economical field， but increasing women's contribution to development is actually as much an economic issue as a social one. And economics， with its focus on encouragement， provides an explanation for why so many girls are rid of an education.
Parents in lowincome countries fail to invest in their daughters because they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family： girls grow up only to marry into somebody else's family and bear children. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school—the prophecy(观念)becomes selffulfilling， trapping women in a vicious(恶性的) circle of neglect.
An educated mother， on the other hand， has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. She is likely to have fewer but healthier children and can insist on the development of all her children， ensuring that her daughters are given a fair chance. The education of her daughters then makes it much more likely that the next generation of girls， as well as boys， will be educated and healthy. The vicious circle is thus transformed into a virtuous circle.
Few will argue that educating women has great social benefits. But it has enormous economic advantages as well. Most obviously， there is the direct effect of education on the wages of female workers. Wages rise by 10 to 20 percent for each additional year of schooling. Such big returns are impressive by the standard of other available investment， but they are just the beginning. Educating women also has a significant effect on health practices， including family planning.
The Significance of Female1. in Developing Countries
Topic | Though considered as a social issue， women's education is also linked to a developing country's2.. | |
Supporting Details | A vicious circle | ●With little3. of their daughters' contribution to their family， parents are unwilling to invest in them. ●Girls can't go to school，4. up as uneducated mothers after their marriages， whose daughters are likely to follow in their5.. |
A virtuous circle | ●With fewer but healthier children， an educated mother is a good6. of her children's development. ●As a result， her daughters receive good education. So will the next7. of girls. | |
8. educated females have over uneducated ones | ●They have9. to more iob opportunities and can earn more money. ●They will enjoy more health practices， including family planning. | |
Conclusion | Educating girls in developing countries is important and rewarding， so it is10. of being invested. |
On the school playground in Los Tomes a lone child， José plays a ballandcup game. The eightyearold is the school's only pupil. His teacher， Nilda， herself a former pupil， says that enrolment(注册入学) has dropped from 65 when she started teaching 43 years ago. Drought has driven families away， she says， “Only the old remain.”
Los Tomes is an agricultural cooperative， one of 178 in Chile's Coquimbo region. Nineteen communities try to grow wheat and raise sheep and goats on 2，800 hectares. A decadelong drought has made that harder. Hilltop springs where the animals once drank have dried up. As the number of herds(畜群) decrease， farmers' children moved away to take jobs in cities or at copper mines.
① Ｗ. Hope for Los Tomes comes in the form of three 60squaremetre nets stretched between poles on a ridge(山脊) above the community. These nets capture(捕捉)droplets(水珠) from the fog that rolls in from the sea 4 kilometers away. They flow down to two troughs(槽)， from which animals drink. The nets can harvest 650 litres of water a day.
② Ｗ. Chile has been investigating fog capture since the 1950s. The fog can be harvested with the help of a coastal mountain range and strong winds. Earlier attempts to turn the mist into usable water failed. In 1990 fog nets at a fishing village captured 8，000 litres a day. Villagers argued about how to share responsibility for maintaining the nets.
Climate change， which is expected to decrease rainfall in the region， has inspired a new search for sources of water. The project at Los Tomes is part of an attempt to capture fog. “The question is not whether the fog collectors work but who's going to provide and maintain them，” says Daniela.
At a community north of Los Tomes， three 150squaremetre fog catchers feed a plantation of young olive trees. When the trees mature， they will produce 750 litres of organic olive oil a year. The water source will be a big selling point. A privately owned brewery(啤酒厂)in Pena Blanca was quick to spot fog water's marketing appeal.
③ Ｗ. The development fund paid 5.6 million pesos each piece to put up the structures in Los Tomes； when the nets wear out， the villagers will have to replace them at a cost of 100，000 pesos each. Coquimbo has more than 40，000 hectares of land with the right conditions for putting up fogcatchers. If it were fully employed， the region could harvest 1，400 litres a second， enough to supply all its drinking water.
④ Ｗ. That might attract back educated young people from the cities. A chance to develop tourism near the Fray Jorge national park， a rainforest which has survived thanks to its own natural fogcollection mechanism， brought Salvador to his birthplace. “Roots， the land and the desire to start this brought me back， says Salvador.
1.The boy in the first paragraph is used as an example to show Ｗ.
A. the poverty of the area B. the seriousness of drought
C. the trend of the move D. the lack of teachers
2.The ideal place for nets should be Ｗ.
A. in the rough sea B. over the sea
C. on a coastal ridge D. at the foot of the ridge
3.The concern of the fishing village's people is Ｗ.
A. whether the fogcatcher works
B. whether the fogcatcher can provide enough water
C. how to make use of the water
D. how to make the fogcatcher run well continuously
4.The sentence “It makes a profit， but most fogharvesting projects require investment in their early stages.” should be put in Ｗ.
A. ① B. ②
C. ③ D. ④
5.According to the passage， which of the following statement is right？
A. The products made with fog water will probably appeal to the consumers.
B. Daniela suggests that olive trees should be planted in the plantation.
C. Water collected from fog can be sold as beer on the market.
D. Part of temperate rainforest's survival is due to the use of manmade fog nets.
6.Salvador returning to his birthplace mainly wants to Ｗ.
A. protect the remaining forest B. build more fogcatchers
C. develop local tourism D. sell handicrafts on the road stands
HYDROGENPOWERED cars have had a rough ride. Back in 2003， they were sold as “one of the most encouraging， innovative technologies of our times” by US president at the time George W. Bush. Then the Tesla revolution came along and they were left in the dust by their batterydriven electric rivals.
Now， there are signs of a comeback. A recent survey of more than 900 global automotive executives by consulting firm KPMG found that 52 percent rated hydrogen(氢) fuel cell vehicles as a leading industry trend. Japan has announced plans to put 40，000 hydrogen vehicles on the road in the next five years， and South Korea 16，000. Germany wants to have 400 refueling stations for hydrogen vehicles by 2025 and California has already opened 35.
This renewed push has its doubts. Tesla chief Elon Musk， for example， has dismissed hydrogen cars as being “extremely silly”. But Joan Ogden at the University of California， Davis， sees a future in which hydrogen and electric vehicles play complementary(互补的) roles. “There are arguments for having both，” she says.
Like electric cars， hydrogen vehicles produce zero pollutants， so they don't damage our health or the climate. The main difference is that hydrogen cars use a fuel cell instead of a battery to power an electric motor. Hydrogen is stored in a tank and fed into the fuel cell， where its chemical energy is changed into electrical energy.
Hydrogen cars are finally becoming commercially practical because fuel cells have become smaller and lighter， says Matthew Macleod at Toyota， which began selling the Mirai， one of the first massmarket hydrogen cars， in 2014 for $60，000.
We are also figuring out better ways to transport and store hydrogen， says Michael Dolan at Australia's national science organization， the CSIRO. Last month， his team showed that hydrogen gas can be changed into liquid ammonia(氨) for transportation， then changed back. Liquid ammonia takes up less space and is less flammable than hydrogen gas， making it easier to ship to refueling stations.
The ability to rapidly refuel is one of the main advantages hydrogen vehicles have， says Macleod. Filling up a hydrogen car takes about the same time as filling a petrol one， rather than the hours it typically takes to recharge an electric car's battery. You can also go further on a full tank of hydrogen—about 500 kilometers， compared with 300 kilometers for a standard fully charged battery.
But although hydrogen reacts cleanly—the only thing coming out is water—hydrogen vehicles are more energyconsuming than electric ones if you take fuel production and transport into consideration， says Jake Whitehead at the University of Queensland， Australia.
At the moment， most hydrogen is from natural gas—a fossil fuel. “Green” hydrogen can be made by splitting water using solar or wind power， but this involves multiple steps， each using energy along the way. In contrast， a single energy step is required to directly recharge a car battery at home.
1.What can we infer from the first three paragraphs？
A. Gorge W. Bush once drove a hydrogen car on a bumpy road.
B. Tesla made a contribution to the popularity of hydrogen cars.
C. Japan will have more hydrogen cars than electric cars on the road in the next 5 years.
D. Joan Ogden thinks hydrogen and electric cars can exist and improve together.
2.The underlined word “flammable” in the 6th paragraph may mean that something is Ｗ.
A. heavy to carry B. easy to burn
C. fragrant to smell D. bitter to taste
3.What can we know about the differences between hydrogen and electric cars？
A. Hydrogen cars use a fuel cell rather than a battery to provide power.
B. On a fully charged battery， electric cars can cover a longer distance.
C. It takes far more time to refuel hydrogen cars than to recharge a battery.
D. Comparatively， for hydrogen cars， fuel production and transportation is cheaper.
4.What's the author's attitude towards hydrogenpowered cars？
A. Opposed. B. Approved.
C. Objective. D. Skeptical.
