Question

In a small open courtyard, outside a school building, there were flowers here and there. In the sunshine，a ______ was lying on the grass，reading a book with ______ attention. Near her，another child was carefully watering the flowers, while a third was ______ with his back against a tree and had a ______ on his knees. He appeared to be drawing or writing something on it. He was ______ in his task, like the first child.

____ the building, there were pleasant carpeted areas. Many children were busy with their tasks in a variety of ways，______ teachers wandered among them, talking to them，______ them, and encouraging their efforts.

____ I watched this scene on a morning in May years ago, it ______ me that a visitor here ______ never have thought he had entered a formal school. He would have been even more ______ if he had been told that the children he was ______ came from different kinds of academic（学业） levels.

That ______ has been staying with me ever since. I have been ______ about some problems. Why in many schools are our children often asked to learn skills in a way ______ from a real-life context（情境）? Why does a lively        school child so ______ become a defeated school failure?

Developmental psychologist（心理学家）Margaret Donald once said, “Much of the intellectual framework (知识框架) on which we ______ our teaching is misleading.” In my opinion, a child learns everything in human ______. And if every child could learn in the same way as the children in the school ______ I visited years ago，they would develop better.

1.A. gardener    B. child    C. teacher    D. visitor

2.A. poor    B. little    C. full    D. slight

3.A. sitting    B. standing    C. Sleeping    D. listening

4.A. toy    B. pencil    C. flower    D. notebook

5.A. settled    B. set    C. defeated    D. lost

6.A. Over    B. Above    C. Inside    D. Outside

7.A. during    B. while    C. until    D. even if

8.A. referring to    B. pointing to    C. smiling at    D. staring at

9.A. As    B. Unless    C. Until    D. Before

10.A. came up with    B. thought about    C. attacked    D. hit

11.A. could    B. should    C. must    D. need

12.A. satisfied    B. surprised    C. pleased    D. disappointed

13.A. helping    B. spotting    C. seeking    D. watching

14.A. scene    B. sign    C. look    D. view

15.A. dreaming    B. regretting    C. wondering    D. joking

16.A. taken    B. prevented    C. learned    D. separated

17.A. often    B. hardly    C. seldom    D. badly

18.A. feed    B. base    C. turn    D. discover

19.A. race    B. position    C. situation    D. case

20.A. when    B. which    C. to which    D. in which

Answer

1.B

2.C

3.A

4.D

5.D

6.C

7.B

8.C

9.A

10.D

11.A

12.B

13.D

14.A

15.C

16.D

17.A

18.B

19.C

20.B

【解析】

本文是一篇议论文。为什么很多学校要求孩子学东西的方式与真实生活差之甚远？为什么天真活泼的学童如此经常地成为学校失败教育的产物？许多孩子忙着各干各的，老师在他们中间走来走去，与他们说着话，面带微笑，对他们的努力予以鼓励。发展心理学家玛格丽特.唐纳德曾说：“我们教学上所依据的智力架构中，存在着太多的误导。”我认为，孩子是在人文的环境里学习各种东西。如果每个孩子以我所参观的那所学校同样的方式学习，他们的发展会好的多。

1.考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. gardener园丁； B. child孩子； C. teacher 教师；D. visitor访问者。由下文的another child可以直接得出答案。故选B。

2.考查形容词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. poor可怜的；B. little小的；C. full满的；D. slight轻微的。with complete concentration全神贯注。故选C。

3.考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. sitting坐；B. standing站；C. sleeping睡；D. listening听。由后面的“with his back against a tree”可以看出，应选sitting。故选A。

4.考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. toy玩具；B. pencil铅笔；C. flower花；D. notebook笔记本。由“...to be drawing or writing something on it”可以看出，四个选项中只有 notebook符合要求。故选D。

5.考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. settled 解决；B. set树立；C. defeated打败；D. lost丢失。 be lost in sth.相当于lose oneself in sth.，意思是：专心做某事。故选D。

6.考查介词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. Over在……之上（正上方）；B. Above超过，在……之上；；C. Inside 在……之内；D. Outside在……之外。第一段描述的是教学楼外的情景，而这一段描述的是教学楼内的情景，所以 对应文章第一句中的outside，这里要选择inside。故选C。

7.考查连词。A. during在---期间；B. while然而；C. until直到---为止；D. even if即使。许多孩子都以各种方式忙于他们的任务，而老师们则在他们中间游荡，与他们交谈，对他们微笑，鼓励他们的努力。此处while“然而”，前后形成鲜明对比，故选B。

8.考查动词短语辨析和对语境的理解。 A. referring to 参考、涉及；B. smiling at冲着……微笑；C. pointing to指向；D. staring at凝视、盯着看；句意为：老师在学生们中走动，和他们交流，对他们微笑……。故选B。

9.考查连词的辨析和对语境的理解A. As当---的时候；B. Unless 除非；C. Until 直到---为止；D. Before在---之前。句意为：当我数年前五月的一个上午见到这一幕的时候，我突然想到来这里的客人绝不会想到他已进入了一所正规的学校。故选A。

10.考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. came up with提出； B. thought about思考；C. attacked攻击； D. hit撞击，击打。 It hit me that...是固定句型，意思是：我突然想到……。故选D。

11.考查情态动词。A. could能够；B. should应该；C. must必须；D. need需要。根据it ___10___ me that a visitor here ___11___ never have thought he had entered a formal school.可知，我突然想到，这里的一位客人从来没有想到他可能已经进入了一所正规的学校。故选A。

12.考查形容词辨析和对语境的理解。 A. satisfied 感到满意；B. surprised感到吃惊； C. pleased感到高兴；D. disappointed感到失望。这里是接着上一句的描述来说的。知道了这是在正规学校的学生的学习情况，来访者肯定会吃惊的，而后面的事情：这些学生（原来的）水平却是不同的，这使人更加吃惊。故选B。

13.考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. helping 帮助；B. spotting 发现； C. seeking寻找；D. watching观看。这里的主语是前文所说的visitor，那些孩子们的活动只能是他观察而来的。故选D。

14.考查名词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. scene场面、情景；B. sign迹象、符号、指示牌；C. look样子；D. view视野。上一段第一句有暗示。故选A。

15.考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。A. dreaming梦想；B. regretting后悔；C. wondering纳闷、想知道；D. joking开玩笑。这里表示作者想知道这些问题的答案。故选C。

16.考查动词的辨析和对语境的理解。 A. taken拿、带；B. prevented阻止；C. learned学习；D. separated分开。上文描述的孩子们在教学楼内外的学习方式是和现实生活联系在一起的，而我们所谓的正式的学校教育却是脱离现实生活的，故选D。

17.考查副词。A. often经常；B. hardly几乎不；C. seldom很少，难得； D. badly非常，严重地。根据Why does a lively school child so ___17___ become a defeated school failure?可知，为什么一个活泼的学生会成为一个学业上的失败者呢？故选A。

18.考查动词。A. feed 喂养； B. base以---作基础；C. turn转变；D. discover发现。根据Much of the intellectual framework (知识框架) on which we ___18___ our teaching is misleading.可知，我们的教学基础上的许多知识框架都具有误导性。故选B。

19.考查名词。A. race种族；B. position位置；C. situation情况；D. case实例。根据In my opinion, a child learns everything in human ___19___.可知，在我看来，一个孩子在人类的处境中学习一切。故选A。

20.考查定语从句。根据if every child could learn in the same way as the children in the school ___20___ I visited years ago，they would develop better.可知，如果每个孩子都能像我几年前访问过的学校里的孩子那样学习，他们会发展得更好。故选B。