CHICAGO(Reuters)－Smoking not only can wrinkle (皱纹) the face and turn it yellow—it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday.
The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body－even skin protected from the sun.
“We examined non-facial skin that was protected from the sun, and found that the total number of packs of cigarette smoked per day and the total years a person has smoked were linked with the amount of skin damage a person experienced, ”Dr. Yolanda, who led the study, said in a statement.
“In participants older than 65 years, smokers had significantly more wrinkling than nonsmokers. Similar findings were seen in participants aged 45 to 65 years. ” Yolanda’s team added in their report.
The researchers tested 82 people, smokers and nonsmokers, taking pictures of the inner right arms. They ranged, in age from 22 to 91 and half were smokers. Independent judges decided how wrinkled each person’s skin was.
When skin is exposed to sunlight, especially the face, it becomes coarse(粗糙的), wrinkled and discolored with a pale yellow color, Yolanda's team wrote.
Several previous studies have found that cigarette smoking led to premature(过早的)skin aging as measured by facial wrinkles, the study said, but little has been done to measure the aging of skin not exposed to light.
The previous research has found that cigarette smoke, among other things, causes blood vessels(血管)beneath the skin to constrict(紧缩), reducing blood supply to the skin.
Smoking can also damage the connective tissue(组织)that supports both die skin and the internal organs (器官).
1.The best title for this passage would be ______________.
A. The danger of smoking B. Smoking causes skin aging
C. Quit smoking for health D. A survey of smokers
2.It can be inferred from the study _____________.
A. smoking won’t affect skin protected from the sun
B. smoking will do damage to skin rather than other organs
C. smokers over 65 usually won’t worry about their skin
D. the age of smokers is not connected with the result of the test
3.When your skin is exposed to sunlight long, it becomes all of the following but _________.
A. flexible B. coarse
C. rough D. discolored
4.The main purpose of the passage is to ____________.
A. inform people about the study of skin.
B. advise people how to protect skin
C. warn people not to smoke again
D. introduce a new way of avoid skin aging
The digital revolution is both launching us into a no-handwriting future, and also sending us backwards in time to when the spoken words ruled. But that’s not necessarily a bad thing.
“I don’t think kids should be assessed on their ability to master cursive(草书). It’s not something that they are going to use much in their lives as they grow older. It’s not something most of us adults use in our lives today. ” Anne Trubek, an author, suggests that schools offer handwriting or cursive as an elective or art class in the future.
“Focus on how to teach kids to express their ideas, how to organize their thoughts, how to make arguments” she says. “The forming of the letters are less important. And there are certainly many ways to individualize what you write beyond the way you’ve circled the ‘I’ or crossed your ‘T’.”
“This myth that handwriting is just a motor skill (运动技能) is just plain wrong,” Virginia Berninger said. “We use motor parts of our brain, motor planning, motor control, but what’s very critical is a region of our brain where the visual and language come together and actually become letters and written words.”
“A lot of people are very stubborn about the importance of handwriting, but at the same time will admit they never write themselves,” Trubek says.
Trubek suggests, however, that handwriting keeps some value – for now. “ For us today, in the 21st century America, handwriting represents something individual and unique about a person. It doesn’t always mean that in previous times in history, and it won’t always mean that in the future, but right now for us we relate our sense of self to our handwriting. ”
1.How does Trubek feel about the handwriting?
A. It’s useless. B. It’s only an art.
C. It’s less important. D. It’s meaningful.
2.Virginia Berninger’s attitude to the use of handwriting is ______.
A. indifferent B. doubtful
C. favorable D. disapproving
3.What do we know from the last paragraph?
A. Handwriting still keeps some value today.
B. Handwriting represents previous times in history.
C. Handwriting reflects the past and the future.
D. The computer makes handwriting out of date.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show people’s worry about future.
B. To discuss the importance of handwriting.
C. To introduce something about handwriting.
D. To encourage people to practice handwriting.
Anyone who cares about what schools and colleges teach and how their students learn will be interested in the memoir(回忆录)of Ralph W. Tyler, who is one of the most famous men in American education.
Born in Chicago in 1902, brought up and schooled in Nebraska, the 19-year-old college graduate Ralph Tyler became hooked on teaching while teaching as a science teacher in South Dakota and changed his major from medicine to education.
Graduate work at the University of Chicago found him connected with honorable educators Charles Judd and W. W. Charters, whose ideas of teaching and testing had an effect on his later work. In 1927, he became a teacher of Ohio State University where he further developed a new method of testing.
Tyler became well-known nationally in 1938, when he carried his work with the Eight-Year Study from Ohio State University to the University of Chicago at the invitation of Robert Hutchins.
Tyler was the first director of the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences at Stanford, a position he held for fourteen years. There, he firmly believed that researchers should be free to seek an independent(独立的)spirit in their work.
Although Tyler officially retired in 1967, he never actually retired. He served on a long list of educational organizations in the United States and abroad. Even in his 80s he traveled across the country to advise teachers and management people on how to set objectives(目标)that develop the best teaching and learning within their schools.
1.Who are most probably interested in Ralph W. Tyler’s memoir?
A. Top managers. B. Language learners.
C. Serious educators. D. Science organizations.
2.The words “hooked on teaching” underlined in paragraph 2 probably mean ______.
A. attracted to teaching B. tired of teaching
C. satisfied with teaching D. unhappy about teaching
3.Tyler is said to have never actually retired because ________.
A. he developed a new method of testing
B. he called for free spirit in research
C. he was still active in giving advice
D. he still led the EightYear Study
假定你是李华，乘坐FL753航班抵达伦敦后发现钱包遗失。请给航空公司写一封邮件说明情况并寻求帮助。内容包括:
1. 行程信息； 2. 钱包特征； 3. 联系方式。
注意:1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the picture, we can see a boy in worn clothes, sits at a shabby wooden table with a pile of books on it. A weak ray of light came through a small hole on the wall and he was absorbed in her reading.
This is a well-known story from an ancient Chinese idiom. A boy, being poor, couldn’t afford even a candle, but he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbor’s house to read at night. The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledges and never get discouraged easy no matter how difficult the situation may be.
Of course, things are totally different today. It is not the story itself but also that is reflected in the story that count. Hard work pays out off. We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.
Consensus about screens(硅谷精英禁子女玩手机)
The people 1.are 2.(close) to a thing are often the most wary (警惕的)of it. 3.(Technology) know how phones really work, and many have decided they don't want their own children anywhere near them. 4.wariness that has been slowly brewing is turning into a regionwide consensus in Silicon Valley: The benefits of screens 5.a learning tool 6.(overblow), and the risks for addiction and stunting development seem high. Tim Cook, the CEO of Apple, said earlier this year that he would not let his nephew join social networks. Bill Gates 7.(ban) cellphones until his children were teenagers. "On the scale between candy and crack cocaine, 8. is closer to crack cocaine," Chris Anderson, the former editor of Wired, said of screens. "We thought we could control it. 9.it's beyond our power 10.(control). This is going straight to the pleasure centers of the developing brain."
